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At War with Pontiac
At War with Pontiac

Chapter XXXVIII · Chapter 38

Chapter 38 of At War with Pontiac is here in full — 67 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.
Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.
By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.
It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.
Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

At War with Pontiac

Chapter XXXVIII · Chapter 38

Chapter 38 of At War with Pontiac is here in full — 67 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.
/æn əˈdɑːptɪd ˈdɔːtər ʌv ðə ˈfɔːrəst soʊ fɔːrˈɡetfəl hæd ðə ˈpiːpəl ʌv ˌpensəlˈveɪnjə bɪˈkʌm ʌv ðə ɪɡˈzæmpəl ʌv ðer ɡreɪt ˈfaʊndər ðæt ðeɪ ˌsɪstəˈmætɪkli rɑːbd ˈtʃiːtəd ənd ˈmɜːrdərd ðə ənˈfɔːrtʃənət ˈɪndiənz wɪð huːm ðeɪ hæd ˈdiːlɪŋz ənˈtɪl ˈfaɪərd baɪ ðə ˈel.ə.kwəns ʌv ˈpɑːntiæk ðiːz roʊz ɪn rɪˈbeljən ənd bɪˈɡæn ə fɪrs wɔːr ʌv riˈvendʒ/
Line 2
Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.
Line 3
By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.
/baɪ ðer ˈklæmər ðeɪ æt leŋkθ fɔːrst ðə ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ ˈɡʌvərnər ʌv ðə ˈkɑːləni tuː jiːld tuː ðer dɪˈmændz ənd saɪn ðə ˈɪnfəməs bɪl/
Line 4
It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.
/ɪt prəˈvaɪdɪd ðæt ə rɪˈwɔːrd ˈævrɪdʒɪŋ wʌn ˈhʌndrəd ˈdɑːlərz biː peɪd fɔːr ðə skælp ʌv ˈevəri ˈɪndiən mæn ˈwʊmən ɔːr tʃaɪld kɪld wɪˈðɪn ðə ˈlɪməts ʌv ðə ˈprɑːvəns/
Line 5
Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

averaging verb US /ˈævrɪdʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “average” — amount to or come to an average, without loss or gain

From this reading “It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.”

carnage noun US /ˈkɑːrnɪdʒ/

the savage and excessive killing of many people

From this reading “Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."”

clamor verb US /ˈklæmər/

make loud demands

From this reading “By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.”

founder noun US /ˈfaʊndər/

inflammation of the laminated tissue that attaches the hoof to the foot of a horse

From this reading “AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.”

Pennsylvania noun US /ˌpensəlˈveɪnjə/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading “AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.”

Pontiac noun US /ˈpɑːntiæk/

famous chief of the Ottawa who led an unsuccessful rebellion against the British (1715-1769)

From this reading “AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.”

scalps noun US /skælps/

plural of “scalp” — the skin that covers the top of the head

From this reading “Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.”

systematically adverb US /ˌsɪstəˈmætɪkli/

in a systematic or consistent manner

From this reading “AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.”

All words in this reading · 112

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

actsnounUS /ækts/

a New Testament book describing the development of the early church from Christ's Ascension to Paul's sojourn at Rome

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

ADOPTEDadjectiveUS /əˈdɑːptɪd/

acquired as your own by free choice

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.

averagingverbUS /ˈævrɪdʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “average” — amount to or come to an average, without loss or gain

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

barbariansnounUS /bɑːrˈberiənz/

plural of “barbarian” — a member of an uncivilized people

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

billnounUS /bɪl/

a statute in draft before it becomes law

From this reading By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.

bountynounUS /ˈbaʊnti/

payment or reward (especially from a government) for acts such as catching criminals or killing predatory animals or enlisting in the military

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

carnagenounUS /ˈkɑːrnɪdʒ/

the savage and excessive killing of many people

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

cheatedverbUS /ˈtʃiːtəd/

past form of “cheat” — deprive somebody of something by deceit

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

clamorverbUS /ˈklæmər/

make loud demands

From this reading By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.

colonynounUS /ˈkɑːləni/

a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.

DAUGHTERnounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

dealingsnounUS /ˈdiːlɪŋz/

social or verbal interchange (usually followed by “with”)

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

demandedverbUS /dɪˈmændəd/

past form of “demand” — request urgently and forcefully

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

demandsnounUS /dɪˈmændz/

plural of “demand” — an urgent or peremptory request

From this reading By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.

directlyadverbUS /dərˈektli/

without deviation

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

dollarsnounUS /ˈdɑːlərz/

plural of “dollar” — the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

eloquencenounUS /ˈel.ə.kwəns/

Fluent, persuasive, and graceful speaking or writing. (Sự hùng biện, tài ăn nói lưu loát.)

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.

enormities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

ensuedverbUS /ɪnˈsuːd/

past form of “ensue” — issue or terminate (in a specified way, state, etc.); end

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

eranounUS /ˈerə/

a period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

ferocitynounUS /fərˈɑːsəti/

the property of being wild or turbulent

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

fierceadjectiveUS /fɪrs/

marked by extreme and violent energy

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

firedadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪərd/

having lost your job

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

forcedadjectiveUS /fɔːrst/

produced by or subjected to forcing

From this reading By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.

FORESTnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

forgetfuladjectiveUS /fɔːrˈɡetfəl/

(of memory) deficient in retentiveness or range

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

foundernounUS /ˈfaʊndər/

inflammation of the laminated tissue that attaches the hoof to the foot of a horse

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

frontiernounUS /frənˈtɪr/

a wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

governornounUS /ˈɡʌvərnər/

the head of a state government

From this reading By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

historiannounUS /hɪˈstɔːriən/

a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

IndianadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

infamousadjectiveUS /ˈɪnfəməs/

known widely and usually unfavorably

From this reading By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

issuingnounUS /ˈɪʃuːɪŋ/

the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity)

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

killedverbUS /kɪld/

past form of “kill” — cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.

limitsnounUS /ˈlɪməts/

plural of “limit” — the greatest possible degree of something

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

murderedadjectiveUS /ˈmɜːrdərd/

killed unlawfully

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

panic-strickenadjective

thrown into a state of intense fear or desperation

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

PennsylvanianounUS /ˌpensəlˈveɪnjə/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

PontiacnounUS /ˈpɑːntiæk/

famous chief of the Ottawa who led an unsuccessful rebellion against the British (1715-1769)

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

proclamationnounUS /ˌprɑːkləˈmeɪʃən/

a formal public statement

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

providedverbUS /prəˈvaɪdɪd/

past form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

provincenounUS /ˈprɑːvəns/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

quoteverbUS /kwoʊt/

repeat a passage from

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

rebellionnounUS /rɪˈbeljən/

refusal to accept some authority or code or convention

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

responsibleadjectiveUS /riˈspɑːnsəbəl/

worthy of or requiring responsibility or trust; or held accountable

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

revengenounUS /riˈvendʒ/

action taken in return for an injury or offense

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

rewardnounUS /rɪˈwɔːrd/

a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

robbedverbUS /rɑːbd/

inflected form of “rob” — take something away by force or without the consent of the owner

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

scalpnounUS /skælp/

the skin that covers the top of the head

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

scalpsnounUS /skælps/

plural of “scalp” — the skin that covers the top of the head

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

settlersnounUS /ˈsetlərz/

plural of “settler” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

shadenounUS /ʃeɪd/

relative darkness caused by light rays being intercepted by an opaque body

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

signnounUS /saɪn/

a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

systematicallyadverbUS /ˌsɪstəˈmætɪkli/

in a systematic or consistent manner

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

thrownadjectiveUS /θroʊn/

caused to fall to the ground

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.

tradersnounUS /ˈtreɪdərz/

plural of “trader” — someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

unfortunateadjectiveUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənət/

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

UponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Now the panic-stricken traders and frontier settlers, who were directly responsible for this state of affairs, demanded that a bounty be offered for Indian scalps.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading AN ADOPTED DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST So forgetful had the people of Pennsylvania become of the example of their great founder that they systematically robbed, cheated, and murdered the unfortunate Indians with whom they had dealings, until, fired by the eloquence of Pontiac, these rose in rebellion and began a fierce war of revenge.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading It provided that a reward averaging one hundred dollars be paid for the scalp of every Indian, man, woman, or child, killed within the limits of the province.

worstnounUS /wɜːrst/

the least favorable outcome

From this reading Upon the issuing of this proclamation, to quote a leading historian, "an era of carnage ensued, during which the worst acts of Indian ferocity were thrown into the shade by the enormities of white barbarians."

yieldverbUS /jiːld/

be the cause or source of

From this reading By their clamor they at length forced the English governor of the colony to yield to their demands and sign the infamous bill.

Chapter 38 of At War with Pontiac by Kirk Munroe holds 67 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 38 of At War with Pontiac contain?

Chapter 38 holds 67 sentences of At War with Pontiac, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 38 of At War with Pontiac by Kirk Munroe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 67 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 38 of At War with Pontiac?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 38 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading At War with Pontiac

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Is this the complete text of At War with Pontiac?

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Project Gutenberg eBook #19223, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does At War with Pontiac take to read?

About 260 minutes of reading across 624 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in At War with Pontiac

Words and structures a reader meets early in At War with Pontiac, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Seconds
A word that appears in the opening chapter of At War with Pontiac; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of At War with Pontiac; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Indians
A word that appears in the opening chapter of At War with Pontiac; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Panting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of At War with Pontiac; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.