Chapter XI

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A FIELD OF SLAUGHTER, AND A FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

the alliance of nations that fought the Axis in World War II and which (with subsequent additions) signed the charter of the United Nations in 1945

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

a friendly nation

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

in addition

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A FIELD OF SLAUGHTER, AND A FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH.

plural of “army” — a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

on or to one side

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The great shock of the battle of the nations (the Hunnenschlacht) came at last.

king of the Huns; the most successful barbarian invader of the Roman Empire (406-453)

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

plural of “augur” — (ancient Rome) a religious official who interpreted omens to guide public policy

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading The great shock of the battle of the nations (the Hunnenschlacht) came at last.

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

earlier than; in front of

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

the cognitive process that leads to convictions

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The great shock of the battle of the nations (the Hunnenschlacht) came at last.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

receiving or eligible for compensation

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

a conference (usually with someone important)

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

causing or capable of causing death

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

past form of “deem” — keep in mind or convey as a conviction or view

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

an inclination to withhold approval from some person or group

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

successful conjecture by unusual insight or good luck

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

come together

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading A FIELD OF SLAUGHTER, AND A FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH.

the rising of a body of water and its overflowing onto normally dry land

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

plural of “foe” — an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

a structure from which an artificially produced jet of water arises

From this reading A FIELD OF SLAUGHTER, AND A FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

characteristic of the style of type commonly used for printing German

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

a prisoner who is held by one party to insure that another party will meet specified terms

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The great shock of the battle of the nations (the Hunnenschlacht) came at last.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

immediately past

From this reading The great shock of the battle of the nations (the Hunnenschlacht) came at last.

a person who rules or guides or inspires others

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

something that is lost

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

plural of “method” — a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

plural of “nation” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The great shock of the battle of the nations (the Hunnenschlacht) came at last.

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A FIELD OF SLAUGHTER, AND A FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

on one occasion

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

plural of “plain” — extensive tract of level open land

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

the feeling of distress and disbelief that you have when something bad happens accidentally

From this reading The great shock of the battle of the nations (the Hunnenschlacht) came at last.

the killing of animals (as for food)

From this reading A FIELD OF SLAUGHTER, AND A FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

possessing sweep

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Probably personal resentment also may have entered into his dislike of Aetius, once a hostage among the Huns, and afterwards their ally.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

plural of “thousand” — the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

moved around an axis or center

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

past form of “warn” — notify of danger, potential harm, or risk

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

in the company of; together with

From this reading So the flood of destruction was turned aside from Troyes, and swept on to the deadly encounter with the armies of Rome and her allies, under the command of Aetius the great Roman general, and Theodoric the Gothic king, in the Catalaunian plains near Châlons.

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It was said that before the battle, Attila had a solemn consultation in his tent with his augurs, and by various methods of divination they warned him of disaster, but said that a great leader of his foes would fall on the field; and that Attila, believing that this leader must be Aetius, deemed that the loss of thousands would be compensated by the death of that one.

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading A FIELD OF SLAUGHTER, AND A FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH.