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Auriol
Auriol

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Auriol is here in full — 221 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE DOG-FANCIER The Rookery!
Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!
Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!
Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.
For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Auriol

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Auriol is here in full — 221 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE DOG-FANCIER The Rookery!
Line 2
Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!
Line 3
Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!
Line 4
Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.
/ʌv leɪt ðə ˈprɑːɡres ʌv ˌɪmˈpruːvmənt hæz kɑːzd ɪts rɪˈmuːvəl bʌt ˈweðər ˈeni les ˈkoʊdʒənt ˈmoʊtɪv wʊd hæv əˈbeɪtɪd ðə ˈnuːsəns meɪ biː ˈkwestʃənd/
Line 5
For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abated verb US /əˈbeɪtɪd/

past form of “abate” — make less active or intense

From this reading “Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.”

cleanse verb US /klenz/

clean one's body or parts thereof, as by washing

From this reading “For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.”

cogent adjective US /ˈkoʊdʒənt/

powerfully persuasive

From this reading “Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.”

metropolis noun US /məˈtrɑːpələs/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading “Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!”

nuisance noun US /ˈnuːsəns/

(law) a broad legal concept including anything that disturbs the reasonable use of your property or endangers life and health or is offensive

From this reading “Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.”

receptacle noun US /rɪˈsep.tə.kəl/

An object or container used to hold or store something.

From this reading “Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!”

squalid adjective US /ˈskwɑːləd/

morally degraded

From this reading “Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!”

tainting verb US /ˈteɪntɪŋ/

-ing form of “taint” — place under suspicion or cast doubt upon

From this reading “Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

caught a glimpse verb + article + noun counted as “catch … glimpse”

see something for a brief time

In this reading “Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!”

narrow opening verb + noun

In this reading “Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!”

whole system adjective + noun

In this reading “Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!”

with amazement preposition + noun

In this reading “Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!”

complained of verb + particle counted as “complain of”

In this reading “For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.”

exist in verb + particle

In this reading “Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!”

For years preposition + noun

In this reading “For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.”

on the way preposition + article + noun counted as “on … way”

on a route to some place

In this reading “Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

abatedverbUS /əˈbeɪtɪd/

past form of “abate” — make less active or intense

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

amazementnounUS /əˈmeɪzmənt/

the feeling that accompanies something extremely surprising

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

Augeanadjective

extremely filthy from long neglect

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

capableadjectiveUS /ˈkeɪpəbəl/

(usually followed by “of”) having capacity or ability

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

caughtverbUS /kɑːt/

inflected form of “catch” — discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

cleanseverbUS /klenz/

clean one's body or parts thereof, as by washing

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

cogentadjectiveUS /ˈkoʊdʒənt/

powerfully persuasive

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

complainedverbUS /kəmˈpleɪnd/

past form of “complain” — express complaints, discontent, displeasure, or unhappiness

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

crimenounUS /kraɪm/

(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

DOG-FANCIER

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE DOG-FANCIER The Rookery!

effortnounUS /ˈefərt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

evilnounUS /ˈiːvəl/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

existverbUS /ɪɡˈzɪst/

have an existence, be extant

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

Giles's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

glimpsenounUS /ɡlɪmps/

a quick look

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

habitations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

hugeadjectiveUS /hjuːdʒ/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

improvementnounUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvmənt/

a change for the better; progress in development

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

metropolisnounUS /məˈtrɑːpələs/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

motivenounUS /ˈmoʊtɪv/

the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

narrowverbUS /ˈneroʊ/

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

nuisancenounUS /ˈnuːsəns/

(law) a broad legal concept including anything that disturbs the reasonable use of your property or endangers life and health or is offensive

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

occupantsnounUS /ˈɑːkjəpənts/

plural of “occupant” — someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

openingnounUS /ˈoʊpənɪŋ/

an open or empty space in or between things

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

questionedverbUS /ˈkwestʃənd/

past form of “question” — challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

receptaclenounUS /rɪˈsep.tə.kəl/

An object or container used to hold or store something.

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

remedynounUS /ˈremədi/

act of correcting an error or a fault or an evil

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

removalnounUS /rɪˈmuːvəl/

the act of removing

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

Rookerynoun

a breeding ground for gregarious birds (such as rooks)

From this reading THE DOG-FANCIER The Rookery!

ruffianlyadjective

violent and lawless

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

SaintnounUS /seɪnt/

a person who has died and has been declared a saint by canonization

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

squalidadjectiveUS /ˈskwɑːləd/

morally degraded

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

stablesnounUS /ˈsteɪbəlz/

plural of “stable” — a farm building for housing horses or other livestock

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

struckadjectiveUS /strʌk/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

systemnounUS /ˈsɪstəm/

instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

taintingverbUS /ˈteɪntɪŋ/

-ing form of “taint” — place under suspicion or cast doubt upon

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE DOG-FANCIER The Rookery!

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

ulceratedadjective

having an ulcer or canker

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

vicenounUS /vaɪs/

moral weakness

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

WhopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Who but must have been struck with amazement, that such a huge receptacle of vice and crime should be allowed to exist in the very heart of the metropolis, like an ulcerated spot, capable of tainting the whole system!

worseadjectiveUS /wɜːrs/

(comparative of “bad”) inferior to another in quality or condition or desirability

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Of late, the progress of improvement has caused its removal; but whether any less cogent motive would have abated the nuisance may be questioned.

wretchedadjectiveUS /ˈretʃɪd/

of very poor quality or condition

From this reading Who that has passed Saint Giles's, on the way to the city, or coming from it, but has caught a glimpse, through some narrow opening, of its squalid habitations, and wretched and ruffianly occupants!

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading For years the evil was felt and complained of, but no effort was made to remedy it, or to cleanse these worse than Augean stables.

Chapter 3 of Auriol by William Harrison Ainsworth holds 221 sentences, grouped into 45 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Auriol contain?

Chapter 3 holds 221 sentences of Auriol, unabridged, divided into 45 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Auriol by William Harrison Ainsworth exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 221 sentences, grouped into 45 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Auriol?

Work through the 45 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 45 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Auriol

Common questions about reading Auriol by William Harrison Ainsworth on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Auriol?

Yes. All 3427 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36481 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Auriol is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36481, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Auriol take to read?

About 285 minutes of reading across 686 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Auriol section by section

How to work through Auriol section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of Auriol to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Auriol

Words and structures a reader meets early in Auriol, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sixteenth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Auriol; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Century
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Auriol; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Close
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Auriol; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hours
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Auriol; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.