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Automobiles
Automobiles

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Automobiles is here in full — 168 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
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IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.
SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.
One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.
Another exhibition is the spark caused by separating the contact point of a conductor through which a current is flowing, causing a spark.
ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Automobiles

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Automobiles is here in full — 168 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.
/ˌɪɡˈnɪʃən ˈsɪstəmz ðə ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəl juːs ʌv ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti æz ə miːnz ʌv ˌɪɡˈnaɪtɪŋ ðə ˈfjuːəl ɪn ˈɡæsəliːn ˈmoʊtərz meɪks ɪt ˈnesəseri ðæt ðə ˈnɑːvəs ʃʊd noʊ ˈsʌmθɪŋ ʌv ðə ˌfʌndəˈmentəlz ʌv ðə ˈsaɪəns/
Line 2
SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.
Line 3
One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.
Line 4
Another exhibition is the spark caused by separating the contact point of a conductor through which a current is flowing, causing a spark.
/əˈnʌðər ˌeksəˈbɪʃən ɪz ðə spɑːrk kɑːzd baɪ ˈsepəreɪtɪŋ ðə ˈkɑːntækt pɔɪnt ʌv ə kənˈdʌktər θruː wɪtʃ ə ˈkɜːrənt ɪz ˈfloʊɪŋ ˈkɑːzɪŋ ə spɑːrk/
Line 5
ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adhere verb US /ədˈhɪr/

be compatible or in accordance with

From this reading “One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.”

determines verb US /dəˈtɜːrmənz/

third-person singular of “determine” — establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study

From this reading “ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.”

enables verb US /eˈneɪbəlz/

third-person singular of “enable” — render capable or able for some task

From this reading “SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.”

fundamentals noun US /ˌfʌndəˈmentəlz/

principles from which other truths can be derived

From this reading “IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.”

horseshoe noun US /ˈhɔːrsʃuː/

game equipment consisting of an open ring of iron used in playing horseshoes

From this reading “One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.”

igniting verb US /ˌɪɡˈnaɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “ignite” — cause to start burning; subject to fire or great heat

From this reading “IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.”

ignition noun US /ˌɪɡˈnɪʃən/

the process of initiating combustion or catching fire

From this reading “IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.”

substantially adverb US /səbˈstænʃəli/

to a great extent or degree

From this reading “ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

water flowing noun + noun

In this reading “ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.”

over a wire preposition + article + noun counted as “over … wire”

In this reading “ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.”

by means preposition + noun

In this reading “One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.

ACTIONnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

actsnounUS /ækts/

a New Testament book describing the development of the early church from Christ's Ascension to Paul's sojourn at Rome

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

adhereverbUS /ədˈhɪr/

be compatible or in accordance with

From this reading One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.

AnotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Another exhibition is the spark caused by separating the contact point of a conductor through which a current is flowing, causing a spark.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

armaturenoun

coil in which voltage is induced by motion through a magnetic field

From this reading One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading Another exhibition is the spark caused by separating the contact point of a conductor through which a current is flowing, causing a spark.

causingnounUS /ˈkɑːzɪŋ/

the act of causing something to happen

From this reading Another exhibition is the spark caused by separating the contact point of a conductor through which a current is flowing, causing a spark.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

conductornounUS /kənˈdʌktər/

the person who leads a musical group

From this reading Another exhibition is the spark caused by separating the contact point of a conductor through which a current is flowing, causing a spark.

contactnounUS /ˈkɑːntækt/

close interaction

From this reading Another exhibition is the spark caused by separating the contact point of a conductor through which a current is flowing, causing a spark.

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

dependentadjectiveUS /dɪˈpendənt/

relying on or requiring a person or thing for support, supply, or what is needed

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

determinesverbUS /dəˈtɜːrmənz/

third-person singular of “determine” — establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

devicesnounUS /dɪˈvaɪsəz/

an inclination or desire; used in the plural in the phrase “left to your own devices”

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

diameternounUS /daɪˈæmətər/

the length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

EFFECTnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

effectsnounUS /ɪˈfekts/

property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

electricitynounUS /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/

a physical phenomenon associated with stationary or moving electrons and protons

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

enablesverbUS /eˈneɪbəlz/

third-person singular of “enable” — render capable or able for some task

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

exhibitionnounUS /ˌeksəˈbɪʃən/

the act of exhibiting

From this reading Another exhibition is the spark caused by separating the contact point of a conductor through which a current is flowing, causing a spark.

flownounUS /floʊ/

the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases)

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

flowingnounUS /ˈfloʊɪŋ/

the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases)

From this reading Another exhibition is the spark caused by separating the contact point of a conductor through which a current is flowing, causing a spark.

fuelverbUS /ˈfjuːəl/

provide with a combustible substance that provides energy

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

fundamentalsnounUS /ˌfʌndəˈmentəlz/

principles from which other truths can be derived

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

gasolinenounUS /ˈɡæsəliːn/

a volatile flammable mixture of hydrocarbons (hexane and heptane and octane etc.) derived from petroleum; used mainly as a fuel in internal-combustion engines

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

horseshoenounUS /ˈhɔːrsʃuː/

game equipment consisting of an open ring of iron used in playing horseshoes

From this reading One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.

ignitingverbUS /ˌɪɡˈnaɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “ignite” — cause to start burning; subject to fire or great heat

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

IGNITIONnounUS /ˌɪɡˈnɪʃən/

the process of initiating combustion or catching fire

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

magnetnounUS /ˈmæɡnət/

(physics) a device that attracts iron and produces a magnetic field

From this reading One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.

magneticadjectiveUS /mæɡˈnetɪk/

of or relating to or caused by magnetism

From this reading One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

mechanicaladjectiveUS /məˈkænɪkəl/

using (or as if using) mechanisms or tools or devices

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

motorsnounUS /ˈmoʊtərz/

plural of “motor” — machine that converts other forms of energy into mechanical energy and so imparts motion

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

novicenounUS /ˈnɑːvəs/

someone who has entered a religious order but has not taken final vows

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

pipenounUS /paɪp/

a tube with a small bowl at one end; used for smoking tobacco

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading Another exhibition is the spark caused by separating the contact point of a conductor through which a current is flowing, causing a spark.

polesnounUS /poʊlz/

plural of “pole” — a long (usually round) rod of wood or metal or plastic

From this reading One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.

producedverbUS /prəˈduːst/

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

pullverbUS /pʊl/

cause to move by pulling

From this reading One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.

quantitynounUS /ˈkwɑːntəti/

how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

sciencenounUS /ˈsaɪəns/

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

SEEINGnounUS /ˈsiːɪŋ/

perception by means of the eyes

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

separatingverbUS /ˈsepəreɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “separate” — act as a barrier between; stand between

From this reading Another exhibition is the spark caused by separating the contact point of a conductor through which a current is flowing, causing a spark.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

sizenounUS /saɪz/

the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

sparknounUS /spɑːrk/

a momentary flash of light

From this reading Another exhibition is the spark caused by separating the contact point of a conductor through which a current is flowing, causing a spark.

substantiallyadverbUS /səbˈstænʃəli/

to a great extent or degree

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

SYSTEMSnounUS /ˈsɪstəmz/

plural of “system” — instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Another exhibition is the spark caused by separating the contact point of a conductor through which a current is flowing, causing a spark.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

universaladjectiveUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəl/

of worldwide scope or applicability

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading IGNITION SYSTEMS The universal use of electricity as a means of igniting the fuel in gasoline motors, makes it necessary that the novice should know something of the fundamentals of the science.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading SEEING THE EFFECT OF ELECTRICITY.--While it is impossible to see a current, there are certain mechanical devices which enables it to be seen by the effects produced on them.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading One of these devices is the armature which, if placed across the poles of a horseshoe magnet, will adhere to the magnet, by means of its magnetic pull.

wirenounUS /ˈwaɪər/

ligament made of metal and used to fasten things or make cages or fences etc

From this reading ACTION OF A CURRENT.--The current flowing over a wire acts substantially the same as water flowing through a pipe, that is, the quantity is dependent on the size of the wire, just as in water where the diameter of the pipe determines the flow.

Chapter 13 of Automobiles by James Slough Zerbe holds 168 sentences, grouped into 34 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Automobiles contain?

Chapter 13 holds 168 sentences of Automobiles, unabridged, divided into 34 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Automobiles by James Slough Zerbe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 168 sentences, grouped into 34 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Automobiles?

Work through the 34 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 34 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Automobiles

Common questions about reading Automobiles by James Slough Zerbe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Automobiles?

Yes. All 1823 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #73790 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Automobiles is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #73790, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Automobiles take to read?

About 151 minutes of reading across 365 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Automobiles section by section

How to work through Automobiles section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of Automobiles to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Automobiles

Words and structures a reader meets early in Automobiles, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Zerbe
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Automobiles; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Price
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Automobiles; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Automobiles; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cents
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Automobiles; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.