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Autumnal leaves
Autumnal leaves

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Autumnal leaves is here in full — 418 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.
When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.
More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.
More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.
It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Autumnal leaves

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Autumnal leaves is here in full — 418 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.
Line 2
When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.
/wen ðə ˈtuːməlt ʌv ɡriːf səbˈsaɪdɪd hiː riˈvjuːd ðə ɪˈvents ʌv hɪz laɪf ənd weɪd ðem ɪn ə ˈbæləns/
Line 3
More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.
/mɔːr ənd mɔːr hiː ˈdaʊtɪd ˈweðər ɪt wɜːr waɪz tuː liːv ðə sloʊ ˈsɜːrtəntiz ʌv hɪz prəˈfeʃən fɔːr ˈtʃænsəz wɪtʃ hæd ɪn ðem ðə ɪkˈsaɪtmənt ənd ðə rɪsks ʌv ˈɡæmbəlɪŋ/
Line 4
More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.
/mɔːr ənd mɔːr ˈsɪriəsli hiː ˈkwestʃənd ˈweðər ðə əbˈzɔːrpʃən ʌv hɪz ˈfækəltiz ɪn ðə kiːn kənˈflɪkts ʌv ðə ˈaʊər wɑːz ðə best weɪ tuː sɜːrv ðə truː ˈɪntrəsts ʌv hɪz ˈkʌntri/
Line 5
It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

absorption noun US /əbˈzɔːrpʃən/

(chemistry) a process in which one substance permeates another; a fluid permeates or is dissolved by a liquid or solid

From this reading “More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.”

certainties noun US /ˈsɜːrtəntiz/

plural of “certainty” — the state of being certain

From this reading “More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.”

conflicts noun US /kənˈflɪkts/

plural of “conflict” — an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals)

From this reading “More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.”

dimmed adjective US /dɪmd/

made dim or less bright

From this reading “This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.”

gambling noun US /ˈɡæmbəlɪŋ/

the act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning (including the payment of a price for a chance to win a prize)

From this reading “More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.”

reviewed verb US /riˈvjuːd/

past form of “review” — look at again; examine again

From this reading “When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.”

risks noun US /rɪsks/

plural of “risk” — a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading “More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.”

subsided verb US /səbˈsaɪdɪd/

past form of “subside” — wear off or die down

From this reading “When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

great misfortune adjective + noun

In this reading “This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.”

best way noun + noun

In this reading “More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.

absorptionnounUS /əbˈzɔːrpʃən/

(chemistry) a process in which one substance permeates another; a fluid permeates or is dissolved by a liquid or solid

From this reading More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.

appointmentnounUS /əˈpɔɪntmənt/

the act of putting a person into a non-elective position

From this reading It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

balanceverbUS /ˈbæləns/

bring into balance or equilibrium

From this reading When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.

certaintiesnounUS /ˈsɜːrtəntiz/

plural of “certainty” — the state of being certain

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

chancesnounUS /ˈtʃænsəz/

plural of “chance” — a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

conflictsnounUS /kənˈflɪkts/

plural of “conflict” — an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals)

From this reading More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.

dimmedadjectiveUS /dɪmd/

made dim or less bright

From this reading This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.

doubtedverbUS /ˈdaʊtɪd/

past form of “doubt” — consider unlikely or have doubts about

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

eagerly-anticipated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.

excitementnounUS /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/

the feeling of lively and cheerful joy

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

facultiesnounUS /ˈfækəltiz/

plural of “faculty” — one of the inherent cognitive or perceptual powers of the mind

From this reading More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

gamblingnounUS /ˈɡæmbəlɪŋ/

the act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning (including the payment of a price for a chance to win a prize)

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

glorynounUS /ˈɡlɔːri/

a state of high honor

From this reading This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.

griefnounUS /ɡriːf/

intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)

From this reading When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.

interestsnounUS /ˈɪntrəsts/

plural of “interest” — a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

keenadjectiveUS /kiːn/

having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions

From this reading More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.

misfortunenounUS /mɪˈsfɔːrtʃən/

unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event

From this reading This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.

MoreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

politicaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.

professionnounUS /prəˈfeʃən/

the body of people in a learned occupation

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

questionedverbUS /ˈkwestʃənd/

past form of “question” — challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

reviewedverbUS /riˈvjuːd/

past form of “review” — look at again; examine again

From this reading When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.

risksnounUS /rɪsks/

plural of “risk” — a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

sadlyadverbUS /ˈsædli/

in an unfortunate way

From this reading This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.

seriouslyadverbUS /ˈsɪriəsli/

in a serious manner

From this reading More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.

serveverbUS /sɜːrv/

serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

subsidedverbUS /səbˈsaɪdɪd/

past form of “subside” — wear off or die down

From this reading When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

triumphnounUS /ˈtraɪəmf/

a successful ending of a struggle or contest

From this reading This great misfortune sadly dimmed the glory of his eagerly-anticipated political triumph.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.

tumultnounUS /ˈtuːməlt/

a state of commotion and noise and confusion

From this reading When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

uncertainadjectiveUS /ənˈsɜːrtən/

lacking or indicating lack of confidence or assurance

From this reading It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading More and more seriously he questioned whether the absorption of his faculties in the keen conflicts of the hour was the best way to serve the true interests of his country.

weighedverbUS /weɪd/

past form of “weigh” — have a certain weight

From this reading When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the tumult of grief subsided, he reviewed the events of his life, and weighed them in a balance.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading More and more, he doubted whether it were wise to leave the slow certainties of his profession, for chances which had in them the excitement and the risks of gambling.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading It is uncertain how the balance would have turned, had he not received an appointment to office under the new government.

Chapter 4 of Autumnal leaves by Lydia Maria Child holds 418 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Autumnal leaves contain?

Chapter 4 holds 418 sentences of Autumnal leaves, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Autumnal leaves by Lydia Maria Child exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 418 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Autumnal leaves?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Autumnal leaves

Common questions about reading Autumnal leaves by Lydia Maria Child on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Autumnal leaves?

Yes. All 4182 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #67832 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Autumnal leaves is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #67832, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Autumnal leaves take to read?

About 348 minutes of reading across 837 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Autumnal leaves section by section

How to work through Autumnal leaves section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Autumnal leaves to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Autumnal leaves

Words and structures a reader meets early in Autumnal leaves, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Autumnal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Autumnal leaves; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Leaves
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Autumnal leaves; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prose
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Autumnal leaves; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rhyme
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Autumnal leaves; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.