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Autumnal leaves
Autumnal leaves

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Autumnal leaves is here in full — 420 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Autumnal leaves
Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.
She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.
But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.
The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.
She was indolent, by temperament and by habit, and she was oppressed with melancholy.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Autumnal leaves

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Autumnal leaves is here in full — 420 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.
Line 2
She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.
/ʃiː riˈzɑːlvd tuː meɪk hɜːr wɪl ənd hæv ɪt ˈduːli ˈwɪtnəst ðæt ˈveri deɪ/
Line 3
But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.
Line 4
The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.
/ðə nekst deɪ ʃiː lʊkt ˈoʊvər ˈletərz frʌm hɜːr ˈhʌzbənd ənd brɔːt ɑːn ˈhedeɪk baɪ ˌɪˈnɔːrdənɪt ˈwiːpɪŋ/
Line 5
She was indolent, by temperament and by habit, and she was oppressed with melancholy.
/ʃiː wɑːz ˈɪndələnt baɪ ˈtemprəmənt ənd baɪ ˈhæbət ənd ʃiː wɑːz əˈprest wɪð ˈmelənkɑːli/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

duly adverb US /ˈduːli/

in accordance with what is appropriate or suitable for the circumstances

From this reading “She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.”

exertion noun US /ɪɡˈzɜːrʃən/

use of physical or mental energy; hard work

From this reading “But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.”

headache noun US /ˈhedeɪk/

something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness

From this reading “The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.”

indolent adjective US /ˈɪndələnt/

disinclined to work or exertion

From this reading “She was indolent, by temperament and by habit, and she was oppressed with melancholy.”

inordinate adjective US /ˌɪˈnɔːrdənɪt/

beyond normal limits

From this reading “The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.”

oppressed adjective US /əˈprest/

burdened psychologically or mentally

From this reading “She was indolent, by temperament and by habit, and she was oppressed with melancholy.”

temperament noun US /ˈtemprəmənt/

your usual mood

From this reading “She was indolent, by temperament and by habit, and she was oppressed with melancholy.”

witnessed verb US /ˈwɪtnəst/

past form of “witness” — be a witness to

From this reading “She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

next day adjective + noun

In this reading “The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.”

looked over verb + particle counted as “look over”

In this reading “The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.

departurenounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.

dulyadverbUS /ˈduːli/

in accordance with what is appropriate or suitable for the circumstances

From this reading She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.

exertionnounUS /ɪɡˈzɜːrʃən/

use of physical or mental energy; hard work

From this reading But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

freelyadverbUS /ˈfriːli/

in a free manner

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading She was indolent, by temperament and by habit, and she was oppressed with melancholy.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

headachenounUS /ˈhedeɪk/

something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness

From this reading The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

husbandnounUS /ˈhʌzbənd/

a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.

husband'snounUS /ˈhʌzbəndz/

possessive form of “husband” — a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

indolentadjectiveUS /ˈɪndələnt/

disinclined to work or exertion

From this reading She was indolent, by temperament and by habit, and she was oppressed with melancholy.

inordinateadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnɔːrdənɪt/

beyond normal limits

From this reading The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.

lassitudenoun

a state of comatose torpor (as found in sleeping sickness)

From this reading But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.

melancholynounUS /ˈmelənkɑːli/

a feeling of thoughtful sadness

From this reading She was indolent, by temperament and by habit, and she was oppressed with melancholy.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.

oppressedadjectiveUS /əˈprest/

burdened psychologically or mentally

From this reading She was indolent, by temperament and by habit, and she was oppressed with melancholy.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.

resolvedadjectiveUS /riˈzɑːlvd/

determined

From this reading She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.

solemnadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləm/

dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

spokenounUS /spoʊk/

support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

temperamentnounUS /ˈtemprəmənt/

your usual mood

From this reading She was indolent, by temperament and by habit, and she was oppressed with melancholy.

tendered-hearted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.

unfitted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.

visitornounUS /ˈvɪzɪtər/

someone who visits

From this reading But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She was indolent, by temperament and by habit, and she was oppressed with melancholy.

weepingadjectiveUS /ˈwiːpɪŋ/

showing sorrow

From this reading The next day, she looked over letters from her husband, and brought on headache by inordinate weeping.

weptverbUS /wept/

inflected form of “weep” — shed tears because of sadness, rage, or pain

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading But a visitor came, and after her departure, she felt a degree of lassitude, which unfitted her for exertion.

widownounUS /ˈwɪdoʊ/

a woman whose husband is dead especially one who has not remarried

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading She was indolent, by temperament and by habit, and she was oppressed with melancholy.

witnessedverbUS /ˈwɪtnəst/

past form of “witness” — be a witness to

From this reading She resolved to make her will, and have it duly witnessed, that very day.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading The tendered-hearted widow wept freely; for he had been her husband’s friend, and the words he spoke were solemn.

Chapter 8 of Autumnal leaves by Lydia Maria Child holds 420 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Autumnal leaves contain?

Chapter 8 holds 420 sentences of Autumnal leaves, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Autumnal leaves by Lydia Maria Child exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 420 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Autumnal leaves?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Autumnal leaves

Common questions about reading Autumnal leaves by Lydia Maria Child on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Autumnal leaves?

Yes. All 4182 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #67832 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Autumnal leaves is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #67832, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Autumnal leaves take to read?

About 348 minutes of reading across 837 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Autumnal leaves section by section

How to work through Autumnal leaves section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Autumnal leaves to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Autumnal leaves

Words and structures a reader meets early in Autumnal leaves, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Autumnal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Autumnal leaves; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Leaves
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Autumnal leaves; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prose
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Autumnal leaves; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rhyme
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Autumnal leaves; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.