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Ayala's Angel
Ayala's Angel

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Ayala's Angel is here in full — 196 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Ayala's Angel
Context Illustration Reading 1/39 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
AT GLENBOGIE.
We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.
She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.
All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.
Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ayala's Angel

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Ayala's Angel is here in full — 196 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/39 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AT GLENBOGIE.
Line 2
We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.
Line 3
She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.
Line 4
All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.
/ɔːl ˈmænər ʌv ɡʊd θɪŋz wɜːr dʌn fɔːr hɜːr æz tuː ˈprezənts ənd ˈkʌmfərts/
Line 5
Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.
/jʌŋ æz ʃiː wɑːz ʃiː hæd ˈmʌni ˈɡɪvən tuː hɜːr wɪtʃ wɑːz nɑːt wɪˈθaʊt əˈtrækʃən ənd ðoʊ ʃiː wɑːz ʌv kɔːrs ɪn ðə depθ ʌv hɜːr ˈmɔːrnɪŋ ʃiː wɑːz meɪd tuː ˌʌndərˈstænd ðæt ˈiːvɪn ˈmɔːrnɪŋ maɪt biː meɪd bɪˈkʌmɪŋ ɪf noʊ ɪkˈspens wɜːr sperd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

amidst preposition US /əˈmɪdst/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading “She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.”

attraction noun US /əˈtrækʃən/

the force by which one object attracts another

From this reading “Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.”

comforts noun US /ˈkʌmfərts/

things that make you comfortable and at ease

From this reading “All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.”

cousins noun US /ˈkʌzənz/

plural of “cousin” — the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading “She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.”

mourning noun US /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one

From this reading “Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.”

presents noun US /ˈprezənts/

plural of “present” — the period of time that is happening now; any continuous stretch of time including the moment of speech

From this reading “All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.”

spared verb US /sperd/

past form of “spare” — refrain from harming

From this reading “Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.”

whirled verb US /wɜːrld/

past form of “whirl” — turn in a twisting or spinning motion

From this reading “She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

whirled away verb + particle counted as “whirl away”

In this reading “She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.”

go back verb + particle

belong to an earlier time

In this reading “We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.”

of course preposition + noun

as might be expected

In this reading “Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.”

good things adjective + noun

In this reading “All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.”

All manner adjective + noun

In this reading “All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

affectionateadjectiveUS /əˈfekʃənət/

having or displaying warmth or affection

From this reading She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.

amidstprepositionUS /əˈmɪdst/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading AT GLENBOGIE.

attractionnounUS /əˈtrækʃən/

the force by which one object attracts another

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

auntnounUS /ænt/

the sister of your father or mother; the wife of your uncle

From this reading She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.

autumnnounUS /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.

Ayala's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

according with custom or propriety

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

comfortsnounUS /ˈkʌmfərts/

things that make you comfortable and at ease

From this reading All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

cousinsnounUS /ˈkʌzənz/

plural of “cousin” — the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.

depthnounUS /depθ/

the extent downward or backward or inward

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

expensenounUS /ɪkˈspens/

amounts paid for goods and services that may be currently tax deductible (as opposed to capital expenditures)

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

GLENBOGIE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AT GLENBOGIE.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

mourningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.

presentsnounUS /ˈprezənts/

plural of “present” — the period of time that is happening now; any continuous stretch of time including the moment of speech

From this reading All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.

rapidlyadverbUS /ˈræpədli/

with speed

From this reading She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.

sparedverbUS /sperd/

past form of “spare” — refrain from harming

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.

welcomings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading All manner of good things were done for her, as to presents and comforts.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

whirledverbUS /wɜːrld/

past form of “whirl” — turn in a twisting or spinning motion

From this reading She was rapidly whirled away to Glenbogie amidst the affectionate welcomings of her aunt and cousins.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading We must go back to Ayala's life during the autumn and winter.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

YoungadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Young as she was, she had money given to her, which was not without attraction; and though she was, of course, in the depth of her mourning, she was made to understand that even mourning might be made becoming if no expense were spared.

Chapter 4 of Ayala's Angel by Anthony Trollope holds 196 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Ayala's Angel contain?

Chapter 4 holds 196 sentences of Ayala's Angel, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Ayala's Angel by Anthony Trollope exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 196 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Ayala's Angel?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ayala's Angel

Common questions about reading Ayala's Angel by Anthony Trollope on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ayala's Angel?

Yes. All 13775 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #33500 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ayala's Angel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #33500, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ayala's Angel take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2755 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ayala's Angel section by section

How to work through Ayala's Angel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Ayala's Angel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ayala's Angel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ayala's Angel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ayala's Angel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Doctor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ayala's Angel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thorne
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ayala's Angel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prime
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ayala's Angel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.