Chapter I · A View of Rome, by Hiram Winthrop

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

periodically accumulated over time

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

presently existing in fact and not merely potential or possible

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

how long something has existed

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

plural of “alley” — a narrow street with walls on both sides

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

plural of “beggar” — a pauper who lives by begging

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

small Indian lettuce of northern regions

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

confined by bonds

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

plural of “boundary” — the line or plane indicating the limit or extent of something

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

plural of “building” — a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

ruined by overcooking

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

a low-lying region in central France

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

stopped up; clogged up

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

inflected form of “compel” — force somebody to do something

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

overfilled or compacted or concentrated

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

thickly covered with ingrained dirt or soot

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

the part of the earth's surface consisting of humus and disintegrated rock

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

lacking in liveliness or charm or surprise

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

lacking in liveliness or animation

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

chemical process in which one atom or ion or group changes places with another

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

the organ of sight

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

disgustingly dirty; filled or smeared with offensive matter

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

footwear (shoes or slippers) with no heel (or a very low heel)

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

being ten more than thirty

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

in a humble manner

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

relating to or associated with an empire

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

having inhabitants; lived in

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

all the time; seemingly without stopping

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

moving to the inside of something

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

extremely crowed or filled to capacity

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

complex system of paths or tunnels in which it is easy to get lost

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

hospital for persons with infectious diseases (especially leprosy)

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

plural of “lie” — a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

the location of something surrounded by other things

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

plural of “monastery” — the residence of a religious community

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

plural of “mound” — (baseball) the slight elevation on which the pitcher stands

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

(of soil) soft and watery

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

comparative of “noble” — impressive in appearance

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

loss of bits of outer skin by peeling or shedding or coming off in scales

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

a serious (sometimes fatal) infection of rodents caused by Yersinia pestis and accidentally transmitted to humans by the bite of a flea that has bitten an infected animal

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

being or dressed in clothes that are worn or torn

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

plural of “rag” — a small piece of cloth or paper

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

wet with secreted or exuded moisture such as sweat or tears

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

possessing material wealth

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

worthless material that is to be disposed of

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

plural of “ruin” — an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

showing signs of wear and tear

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

having no definite form or distinct shape

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

(used especially of vegetation) having lost all moisture

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

lean and wrinkled by shrinkage as from age or illness

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

marked by absence of sound

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

estrangement from god

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

cloth covering that forms the part of a garment below the waist

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

morally degraded

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

the season of growth

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

spreading out in different directions or distributed irregularly

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

successive (without a break)

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

act of expanding by lengthening or widening

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

a plaster now made mostly from Portland cement and sand and lime; applied while soft to cover exterior walls or surfaces

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

inferior in size or quality

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

lighted by sunlight

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

plural of “tatter” — a small piece of cloth or paper

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

in or at that place or location

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

highly complex or intricate and occasionally devious

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

-ing form of “undulate” — stir up (water) so as to form ripples

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

not held or filled or in use

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

without beauty or charm

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

not confined or limited

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

precisely as stated

From this reading In the very centre, along some low flats that bound a dull, muddy, silent river, the actual inhabited city itself crouches humbly beneath the mouldering ruins of a nobler age.

plural of “vineyard” — a farm of grapevines where wine grapes are produced

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

in a visible manner

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A shapeless mass of dingy, weather-stained, discoloured, tile-roofed buildings, with all its stucco peeling in the sun, it lies crowded and jammed into a narrow labyrinth of tortuous alleys, reeking with dirt, and rich in ragged filthy beggars.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

in the company of; together with

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Within its huge imperial walls the shrunken modern town has left a broad skirt of unoccupied hillocks; low mounds covered by stunted straggling vineyards, or broken here and there by shabby unpicturesque monasteries, with long straight pollard-lined roads stretching interminably in dreary lines between the distant boundaries.

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading One huge lazaretto of sin and pestilence, choked with the accumulated rubbish and kitchen-middens of forty centuries--that was Hiram Winthrop's Rome--the Rome which fate and duty compelled him to exchange for the wild woods and the free life of untrammelled nature.

of the color intermediate between green and orange in the color spectrum; of something resembling the color of an egg yolk

From this reading |In the midst of an undulating sunlit plain, fresh with flowers in spring, burnt and yellow in summer and autumn, a great sordid shrivelled city blinks and festers visibly among the rags and tatters in the eye of day.