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Backlog Studies
Backlog Studies

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Backlog Studies is here in full — 167 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Backlog Studies
Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.
Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.
The dwelling-house is a modern institution.
It is a curious fact that it has only improved with the social elevation of women.
Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Backlog Studies

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Backlog Studies is here in full — 167 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.
/aɪ wɑːz ˈseɪɪŋ ðæt ˈnʌθɪŋ hæd bɪn soʊ sloʊ ɪn ɪts ˈprɑːɡres ɪn ðə wɜːrld æz dəˈmestɪk ˈɑːrkətektʃər/
Line 2
Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.
/ˈtempəlz ˈpæləsəz ˈbrɪdʒəz ˈækwədʌkts kəˈθiːdrəlz ˈtaʊərz ʌv ˈmɑːrvələs ˈdeləkəsi ənd streŋkθ ɡruː tuː pərˈfekʃən waɪl ðə ˈkɑːmən ˈpiːpəl lɪvd ɪn ˈhʌvəlz ənd ðə ˈrɪtʃəst lɑːdʒd ɪn ðə moʊst ˈɡluːmi ənd ˈkɑːntræktəd ˈkwɔːrtərz/
Line 3
The dwelling-house is a modern institution.
Line 4
It is a curious fact that it has only improved with the social elevation of women.
/ɪt ɪz ə ˈkjʊriəs fækt ðæt ɪt hæz ˈoʊnli ˌɪmˈpruːvd wɪð ðə ˈsoʊʃəl ˌeləˈveɪʃən ʌv ˈwɪmən/
Line 5
Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.
/men wɜːr ˈnevər mɔːr ˈbrɪljənt ɪn ɑːrmz ənd ˈletərz ðæn ɪn ðə eɪdʒ ʌv ɪˈlɪzəbəθ ənd jet ðeɪ hæd noʊ hoʊmz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aqueducts noun US /ˈækwədʌkts/

plural of “aqueduct” — a conduit that resembles a bridge but carries water over a valley

From this reading “Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.”

architecture noun US /ˈɑːrkətektʃər/

an architectural product or work

From this reading “I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.”

bridges noun US /ˈbrɪdʒəz/

United States labor leader who organized the longshoremen (1901-1990)

From this reading “Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.”

cathedrals noun US /kəˈθiːdrəlz/

plural of “cathedral” — any large and important church

From this reading “Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.”

elevation noun US /ˌeləˈveɪʃən/

the event of something being raised upward

From this reading “It is a curious fact that it has only improved with the social elevation of women.”

hovels noun US /ˈhʌvəlz/

plural of “hovel” — small crude shelter used as a dwelling

From this reading “Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.”

marvelous adjective US /ˈmɑːrvələs/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading “Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.”

palaces noun US /ˈpæləsəz/

plural of “palace” — a large and stately mansion

From this reading “Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The dwelling-house is a modern institution.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

aqueductsnounUS /ˈækwədʌkts/

plural of “aqueduct” — a conduit that resembles a bridge but carries water over a valley

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

architecturenounUS /ˈɑːrkətektʃər/

an architectural product or work

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

bridgesnounUS /ˈbrɪdʒəz/

United States labor leader who organized the longshoremen (1901-1990)

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

brilliantadjectiveUS /ˈbrɪljənt/

of surpassing excellence

From this reading Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.

cathedralsnounUS /kəˈθiːdrəlz/

plural of “cathedral” — any large and important church

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

contractedadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːntræktəd/

reduced in size or pulled together

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading It is a curious fact that it has only improved with the social elevation of women.

delicacynounUS /ˈdeləkəsi/

the quality of being beautiful and delicate in appearance

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

domesticadjectiveUS /dəˈmestɪk/

of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

dwelling-house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The dwelling-house is a modern institution.

elevationnounUS /ˌeləˈveɪʃən/

the event of something being raised upward

From this reading It is a curious fact that it has only improved with the social elevation of women.

ElizabethnounUS /ɪˈlɪzəbəθ/

daughter of George VI who became the Queen of England and Northern Ireland in 1952 on the death of her father (1926-)

From this reading Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading It is a curious fact that it has only improved with the social elevation of women.

gloomyadjectiveUS /ˈɡluːmi/

depressingly dark

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is a curious fact that it has only improved with the social elevation of women.

homesnounUS /hoʊmz/

plural of “home” — where you live at a particular time

From this reading Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.

hovelsnounUS /ˈhʌvəlz/

plural of “hovel” — small crude shelter used as a dwelling

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

improvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvd/

made more desirable or valuable or profitable; especially made ready for use or marketing

From this reading It is a curious fact that it has only improved with the social elevation of women.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

institutionnounUS /ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃən/

an organization founded and united for a specific purpose

From this reading The dwelling-house is a modern institution.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The dwelling-house is a modern institution.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is a curious fact that it has only improved with the social elevation of women.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

lodgedverbUS /lɑːdʒd/

past form of “lodge” — be a lodger; stay temporarily

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

marvelousadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːrvələs/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

MennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading The dwelling-house is a modern institution.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading It is a curious fact that it has only improved with the social elevation of women.

palacesnounUS /ˈpæləsəz/

plural of “palace” — a large and stately mansion

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

perfectionnounUS /pərˈfekʃən/

the state of being without a flaw or defect

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

quartersnounUS /ˈkwɔːrtərz/

housing available for people to live in

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

richestadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtʃəst/

superlative of “rich” — possessing material wealth

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

sayingnounUS /ˈseɪɪŋ/

a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading It is a curious fact that it has only improved with the social elevation of women.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

TemplesnounUS /ˈtempəlz/

plural of “temple” — place of worship consisting of an edifice for the worship of a deity

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

towersnounUS /ˈtaʊərz/

plural of “tower” — a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Temples, palaces, bridges, aqueducts, cathedrals, towers of marvelous delicacy and strength, grew to perfection while the common people lived in hovels, and the richest lodged in the most gloomy and contracted quarters.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It is a curious fact that it has only improved with the social elevation of women.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading It is a curious fact that it has only improved with the social elevation of women.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading I was saying that nothing had been so slow in its progress in the world as domestic architecture.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Men were never more brilliant in arms and letters than in the age of Elizabeth, and yet they had no homes.

Chapter 3 of Backlog Studies by Charles Dudley Warner holds 167 sentences, grouped into 34 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Backlog Studies contain?

Chapter 3 holds 167 sentences of Backlog Studies, unabridged, divided into 34 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Backlog Studies by Charles Dudley Warner exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 167 sentences, grouped into 34 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Backlog Studies?

Work through the 34 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 34 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Backlog Studies

Common questions about reading Backlog Studies by Charles Dudley Warner on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Backlog Studies?

Yes. All 2520 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3134 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Backlog Studies is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3134, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Backlog Studies take to read?

About 210 minutes of reading across 504 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Backlog Studies section by section

How to work through Backlog Studies section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of Backlog Studies to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Backlog Studies

Words and structures a reader meets early in Backlog Studies, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Hearth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Backlog Studies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Almost
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Backlog Studies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
England
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Backlog Studies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Family
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Backlog Studies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.