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Backlog Studies
Backlog Studies

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Backlog Studies is here in full — 172 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Backlog Studies
Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE FIRE-TENDER.
I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.
They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.
I should like to live a hundred years and see what they will do.
HERBERT.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Backlog Studies

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of Backlog Studies is here in full — 172 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE FIRE-TENDER.
Line 2
I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.
Line 3
They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.
/ðeɪ hæv eˈneɪbəld ðə ˈfaɪnər ˈpaʊərz ʌv ˈwɪmən tuː hæv pleɪ æz ðeɪ kʊd nɑːt ɪn ə ˈruːdər eɪdʒ/
Line 4
I should like to live a hundred years and see what they will do.
/aɪ ʃʊd laɪk tuː laɪv ə ˈhʌndrəd jɪrz ənd siː wʌt ðeɪ wɪl duː/
Line 5
HERBERT.
/ˈhɜːrbərt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

civilization noun US /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading “I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.”

comforts noun US /ˈkʌmfərts/

things that make you comfortable and at ease

From this reading “I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.”

conditions noun US /kənˈdɪʃənz/

the prevailing context that influences the performance or the outcome of a process

From this reading “I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.”

distinguish verb US /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/

mark as different

From this reading “I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.”

enabled verb US /eˈneɪbəld/

past form of “enable” — render capable or able for some task

From this reading “They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.”

finer adjective US /ˈfaɪnər/

(comparative of “fine”) greater in quality or excellence

From this reading “They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.”

herbert noun US /ˈhɜːrbərt/

United States musician and composer and conductor noted for his comic operas (1859-1924)

From this reading “HERBERT.”

ruder adjective US /ˈruːdər/

comparative of “rude” — socially incorrect in behavior

From this reading “They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

ameliorations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

civilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

comfortsnounUS /ˈkʌmfərts/

things that make you comfortable and at ease

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

conditionsnounUS /kənˈdɪʃənz/

the prevailing context that influences the performance or the outcome of a process

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.

distinguishverbUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/

mark as different

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I should like to live a hundred years and see what they will do.

enabledverbUS /eˈneɪbəld/

past form of “enable” — render capable or able for some task

From this reading They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.

fineradjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnər/

(comparative of “fine”) greater in quality or excellence

From this reading They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.

FIRE-TENDER

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FIRE-TENDER.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.

HERBERTnounUS /ˈhɜːrbərt/

United States musician and composer and conductor noted for his comic operas (1859-1924)

From this reading HERBERT.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading I should like to live a hundred years and see what they will do.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I should like to live a hundred years and see what they will do.

I'm

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading I should like to live a hundred years and see what they will do.

liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading I should like to live a hundred years and see what they will do.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.

powersnounUS /ˈpaʊərz/

plural of “power” — possession of controlling influence

From this reading They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.

ruderadjectiveUS /ˈruːdər/

comparative of “rude” — socially incorrect in behavior

From this reading They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading I should like to live a hundred years and see what they will do.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading I should like to live a hundred years and see what they will do.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE FIRE-TENDER.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading I should like to live a hundred years and see what they will do.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I'm not sure but here is where the ameliorations of the conditions of life, which are called the comforts of this civilization, come in, after all, and distinguish the age above all others.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading I should like to live a hundred years and see what they will do.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading They have enabled the finer powers of women to have play as they could not in a ruder age.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading I should like to live a hundred years and see what they will do.

Chapter 13 of Backlog Studies by Charles Dudley Warner holds 172 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Backlog Studies contain?

Chapter 13 holds 172 sentences of Backlog Studies, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Backlog Studies by Charles Dudley Warner exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 172 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Backlog Studies?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Backlog Studies

Common questions about reading Backlog Studies by Charles Dudley Warner on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Backlog Studies?

Yes. All 2520 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3134 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Backlog Studies is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3134, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Backlog Studies take to read?

About 210 minutes of reading across 504 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Backlog Studies section by section

How to work through Backlog Studies section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of Backlog Studies to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Backlog Studies

Words and structures a reader meets early in Backlog Studies, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Hearth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Backlog Studies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Almost
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Backlog Studies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
England
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Backlog Studies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Family
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Backlog Studies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.