Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Backwater
Backwater

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Backwater is here in full — 471 sentences across 95 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Backwater
Context Illustration Reading 1/94 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.
As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.
The grass gleamed along the edge of a bank of mist.
In the mist the area railings stood hard and solid against the edge of empty space.
Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Backwater

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Backwater is here in full — 471 sentences across 95 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/94 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.
Line 2
As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.
Line 3
The grass gleamed along the edge of a bank of mist.
/ðə ɡræs ɡliːmd əˈlɔːŋ ðə edʒ ʌv ə bæŋk ʌv mɪst/
Line 4
In the mist the area railings stood hard and solid against the edge of empty space.
/ɪn ðə mɪst ðə ˈeriə ˈreɪlɪŋz stʊd hɑːrd ənd ˈsɑːləd əˈɡenst ðə edʒ ʌv ˈempti speɪs/
Line 5
Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.
/ˈsevrəl taɪmz ʃiː ɡlænst æt ðə rɪtʃ ɡriːn ˈfiːlɪŋ ðæt ˈniːðər ˈemrəld ˈemrəld ˈvelvət nɔːr ˈvelvəti ɪˈnæməl kwaɪt ɪkˈsprest ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ashy adjective US /ˈæʃi/

of a light grey

From this reading “Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.”

cinders noun US /ˈsɪndərz/

plural of “cinder” — a fragment of incombustible matter left after a wood or coal or charcoal fire

From this reading “Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.”

dampened verb US /ˈdæmpənd/

past form of “dampen” — suppress or constrain so as to lessen in intensity

From this reading “Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.”

enamel noun US /ɪˈnæməl/

hard white substance covering the crown of a tooth

From this reading “Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.”

railings noun US /ˈreɪlɪŋz/

plural of “railing” — a barrier consisting of a horizontal bar and supports

From this reading “In the mist the area railings stood hard and solid against the edge of empty space.”

schoolroom noun US /ˈskuːlruːm/

a room in a school where lessons take place

From this reading “Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.”

velvety adjective US /ˈvelvəti/

smooth and soft to sight or hearing or touch or taste

From this reading “Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.”

Wheezing adjective US /ˈwiːzɪŋ/

relating to breathing with a whistling sound

From this reading “Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Several times adjective + noun

In this reading “Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.”

empty space verb + noun

In this reading “In the mist the area railings stood hard and solid against the edge of empty space.”

along the edge preposition + article + noun counted as “along … edge”

In this reading “The grass gleamed along the edge of a bank of mist.”

glanced at verb + particle counted as “glance at”

In this reading “Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.”

went up verb + adjective counted as “go up”

move upward

In this reading “As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading In the mist the area railings stood hard and solid against the edge of empty space.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading The grass gleamed along the edge of a bank of mist.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

areanounUS /ˈeriə/

a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography)

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

ashyadjectiveUS /ˈæʃi/

of a light grey

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

banknounUS /bæŋk/

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading The grass gleamed along the edge of a bank of mist.

basementnounUS /ˈbeɪsmənt/

the lowermost portion of a structure partly or wholly below ground level; often used for storage

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

bonily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

bootsnounUS /buːts/

plural of “boot” — footwear that covers the whole foot and lower leg

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

cindersnounUS /ˈsɪndərz/

plural of “cinder” — a fragment of incombustible matter left after a wood or coal or charcoal fire

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

closedadjectiveUS /kloʊzd/

not open or affording passage or access

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

concreteadjectiveUS /kənˈkriːt/

capable of being perceived by the senses; not abstract or imaginary

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

cookverbUS /kʊk/

prepare a hot meal

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

dampenedverbUS /ˈdæmpənd/

past form of “dampen” — suppress or constrain so as to lessen in intensity

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading The grass gleamed along the edge of a bank of mist.

emeraldnounUS /ˈemrəld/

a green transparent form of beryl; highly valued as a gemstone

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

emptyverbUS /ˈempti/

make void or empty of contents

From this reading In the mist the area railings stood hard and solid against the edge of empty space.

enamelnounUS /ɪˈnæməl/

hard white substance covering the crown of a tooth

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

expressedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsprest/

communicated in words

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

feelingnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋ/

the experiencing of affective and emotional states

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

glancedverbUS /ɡlænst/

past form of “glance” — throw a glance at; take a brief look at

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

gleamedverbUS /ɡliːmd/

past form of “gleam” — be shiny, as if wet

From this reading The grass gleamed along the edge of a bank of mist.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

grassverbUS /ɡræs/

shoot down, of birds

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading In the mist the area railings stood hard and solid against the edge of empty space.

heelless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

Miriam's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

mistverbUS /mɪst/

become covered with mist

From this reading The grass gleamed along the edge of a bank of mist.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

oilclothnoun

cloth treated on one side with a drying oil or synthetic resin

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

plasterverbUS /ˈplæstər/

apply a heavy coat to

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

railingsnounUS /ˈreɪlɪŋz/

plural of “railing” — a barrier consisting of a horizontal bar and supports

From this reading In the mist the area railings stood hard and solid against the edge of empty space.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

schoolroomnounUS /ˈskuːlruːm/

a room in a school where lessons take place

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

SeveraladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

showingnounUS /ˈʃoʊɪŋ/

the display of a motion picture

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

slopenounUS /sloʊp/

an elevated geological formation

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

solidadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləd/

characterized by good substantial quality

From this reading In the mist the area railings stood hard and solid against the edge of empty space.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading In the mist the area railings stood hard and solid against the edge of empty space.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading In the mist the area railings stood hard and solid against the edge of empty space.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

velvetnounUS /ˈvelvət/

a silky densely piled fabric with a plain back

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

velvetyadjectiveUS /ˈvelvəti/

smooth and soft to sight or hearing or touch or taste

From this reading Several times she glanced at the rich green, feeling that neither ‘emerald,’ ‘emerald velvet,’ nor ‘velvety enamel’ quite expressed it.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading As the door closed Miriam’s eye went up from her book to the little slope of grass showing above the concrete wall of the area.

WheezingadjectiveUS /ˈwiːzɪŋ/

relating to breathing with a whistling sound

From this reading Wheezing, cook had spread a plaster of dampened ashy cinders upon the basement schoolroom fire and gone bonily away across the oilcloth in her heelless boots.

Chapter 4 of Backwater by Dorothy M. (Dorothy Miller) Richardson holds 471 sentences, grouped into 95 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Backwater contain?

Chapter 4 holds 471 sentences of Backwater, unabridged, divided into 95 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Backwater by Dorothy M. (Dorothy Miller) Richardson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 471 sentences, grouped into 95 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Backwater?

Work through the 95 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 95 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Backwater

Common questions about reading Backwater by Dorothy M. (Dorothy Miller) Richardson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Backwater?

Yes. All 4235 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56221 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Backwater is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56221, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Backwater take to read?

About 352 minutes of reading across 847 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Backwater section by section

How to work through Backwater section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Backwater to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Backwater

Words and structures a reader meets early in Backwater, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Swarthy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Backwater; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Turbaned
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Backwater; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shone
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Backwater; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Miriam
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Backwater; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.