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Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients
Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

By Francis Bacon • Curated US English Learning Edition
Cover illustration for Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients
Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
[2] Baconiana, 201.
[3] Bacon’s Apophthegms.
[4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.
It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.
The great productions of Athens and Rome were the intellectual all of our ancestors down to the middle of the sixteenth century.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
[2] Baconiana, 201.
Line 2
[3] Bacon’s Apophthegms.
Line 3
[4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.
Line 4
It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.
/ɪt ʃʊd biː rɪˈmembərd ðæt ɪn ðə sɪkˈstiːnθ ˈsentʃəri ˈlætən wɑːz ðə ˈlæŋɡwədʒ ʌv kɔːrts ənd skuːlz ʌv dɪˈploʊməsi ˈpɑːlətɪks ənd θiˈɑːlədʒi ɪt wɑːz ðə ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəl ˈlæŋɡwədʒ ənd ðer wɑːz ðen noʊ ˈlɪtərətʃər ɪn ðə ˈmɑːdərn tʌŋz ɪkˈsept ðə ˌɪˈtæljən ˌɪnˈdiːd ɔːl ˈnɑːlədʒ ˈeɪn.ʃənt ənd ˈmɑːdərn wɑːz kənˈveɪd tuː ðə wɜːrld ɪn ðə ˈlæŋɡwədʒ ʌv ðə ˈeɪntʃənts/
Line 5
The great productions of Athens and Rome were the intellectual all of our ancestors down to the middle of the sixteenth century.
/ðə ɡreɪt prəˈdʌkʃənz ʌv ˈæθənz ənd roʊm wɜːr ðə ˌɪntəˈlektʃuːəl ɔːl ʌv ˈaʊər ˈænsestərz daʊn tuː ðə ˈmɪdəl ʌv ðə sɪkˈstiːnθ ˈsentʃəri/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ancients noun US /ˈeɪntʃənts/

people who lived in times long past (especially during the historical period before the fall of the Roman Empire in western Europe)

From this reading “It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Athens noun US /ˈæθənz/

the capital and largest city of Greece; named after Athena (its patron goddess)

From this reading “The great productions of Athens and Rome were the intellectual all of our ancestors down to the middle of the sixteenth century.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Bacon's noun US /ˈbeɪkənz/

possessive form of “bacon” — back and sides of a hog salted and dried or smoked; usually sliced thin and fried

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
courts noun US /kɔːrts/

plural of “court” — an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading “It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
diplomacy noun US /dɪˈploʊməsi/

negotiation between nations

From this reading “It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
productions noun US /prəˈdʌkʃənz/

plural of “production” — the act or process of producing something

From this reading “The great productions of Athens and Rome were the intellectual all of our ancestors down to the middle of the sixteenth century.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
sixteenth adjective US /sɪkˈstiːnθ/

coming next after the fifteenth in position

From this reading “It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
theology noun US /θiˈɑːlədʒi/

the rational and systematic study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truth

From this reading “It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

sixteenth century adjective + noun

In this reading “It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.”

1,717 times in 426,211 chapters
universal language adjective + noun

In this reading “It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.”

188 times in 426,211 chapters

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

2

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [2] Baconiana, 201.

Pending verification
201

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [2] Baconiana, 201.

Pending verification
3

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [3] Bacon’s Apophthegms.

Pending verification
4

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

Pending verification
alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
ancestorsnounUS /ˈænsestərz/

plural of “ancestor” — someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote than a grandparent)

From this reading The great productions of Athens and Rome were the intellectual all of our ancestors down to the middle of the sixteenth century.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

Velmora curated lexicon
ancientsnounUS /ˈeɪntʃənts/

people who lived in times long past (especially during the historical period before the fall of the Roman Empire in western Europe)

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
Apophthegms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [3] Bacon’s Apophthegms.

Pending verification
AthensnounUS /ˈæθənz/

the capital and largest city of Greece; named after Athena (its patron goddess)

From this reading The great productions of Athens and Rome were the intellectual all of our ancestors down to the middle of the sixteenth century.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Bacon'snounUS /ˈbeɪkənz/

possessive form of “bacon” — back and sides of a hog salted and dried or smoked; usually sliced thin and fried

From this reading [3] Bacon’s Apophthegms.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
Baconiana

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [2] Baconiana, 201.

Pending verification
beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
conveyedverbUS /kənˈveɪd/

past form of “convey” — (of information) make known; pass on

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
courtsnounUS /kɔːrts/

plural of “court” — an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
diplomacynounUS /dɪˈploʊməsi/

negotiation between nations

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The great productions of Athens and Rome were the intellectual all of our ancestors down to the middle of the sixteenth century.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
educationnounUS /ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/

the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The great productions of Athens and Rome were the intellectual all of our ancestors down to the middle of the sixteenth century.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
intellectualadjectiveUS /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuːəl/

of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind

From this reading The great productions of Athens and Rome were the intellectual all of our ancestors down to the middle of the sixteenth century.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
ladiesnounUS /ˈleɪdiz/

plural of “lady” — a polite name for any woman

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
LatinadjectiveUS /ˈlætən/

of or relating to the ancient Latins or the Latin language

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading The great productions of Athens and Rome were the intellectual all of our ancestors down to the middle of the sixteenth century.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
politicsnounUS /ˈpɑːlətɪks/

social relations involving intrigue to gain authority or power

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
productionsnounUS /prəˈdʌkʃənz/

plural of “production” — the act or process of producing something

From this reading The great productions of Athens and Rome were the intellectual all of our ancestors down to the middle of the sixteenth century.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
rareadjectiveUS /rer/

not widely known; especially valued for its uncommonness

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
rememberedverbUS /rɪˈmembərd/

past form of “remember” — recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading The great productions of Athens and Rome were the intellectual all of our ancestors down to the middle of the sixteenth century.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
schoolsnounUS /skuːlz/

plural of “school” — an educational institution

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
sixteenthadjectiveUS /sɪkˈstiːnθ/

coming next after the fifteenth in position

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
surprisingadjectiveUS /sərˈpraɪzɪŋ/

causing surprise or wonder or amazement

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
theologynounUS /θiˈɑːlədʒi/

the rational and systematic study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truth

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading [4] It is not surprising that ladies then received an education rare in our own times.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
tonguesnounUS /tʌŋz/

plural of “tongue” — a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
universaladjectiveUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəl/

of worldwide scope or applicability

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The great productions of Athens and Rome were the intellectual all of our ancestors down to the middle of the sixteenth century.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading It should be remembered that in the sixteenth century Latin was the language of courts and schools, of diplomacy, politics, and theology; it was the universal language, and there was then no literature in the modern tongues, except the Italian; indeed all knowledge, ancient and modern, was conveyed to the world in the language of the ancients.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

Chapter 7 of Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients by Francis Bacon holds 408 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients contain?

Chapter 7 holds 408 sentences of Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients by Francis Bacon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 408 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients

Common questions about reading Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients by Francis Bacon on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients?

Yes. All 3863 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56463 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56463, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients take to read?

About 321 minutes of reading across 773 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients section by section

How to work through Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients

Words and structures a reader meets early in Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

University
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Press
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cambridge
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
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A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bacon's Essays, and Wisdom of the Ancients; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.