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Barbarians
Barbarians

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Barbarians is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Barbarians
Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.
Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.
But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.
Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.
Chance detailed them for special duty as soon as they landed.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Barbarians

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Barbarians is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.
Line 2
Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.
Line 3
But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.
Line 4
Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.
/ˈdestəni lɪŋkt ɑːrmz wɪð ðem feɪt dʒɜːrkt ə mɪˈstɪriəs θʌm ˈoʊvər hɜːr ˈʃoʊldər təˈwɔːrd ˈɪtəli/
Line 5
Chance detailed them for special duty as soon as they landed.
/tʃæns dɪˈteɪld ðem fɔːr ˈspeʃəl ˈduːti æz suːn æz ðeɪ ˈlændəd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

fiasco noun US /fiˈæskoʊ/

a sudden and violent collapse

From this reading “RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.”

incompetence noun US /ˌɪnˈkɑːmpətəns/

lack of physical or intellectual ability or qualifications

From this reading “RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.”

makers noun US /ˈmeɪkərz/

plural of “maker” — a person who makes things

From this reading “Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.”

mountainous adjective US /ˈmaʊntənəs/

having hills and crags

From this reading “RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.”

officially adverb US /əˈfɪʃəli/

in an official role

From this reading “Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.”

reconnaissance noun US /riˈkɑːnəsəns/

the act of reconnoitring (especially to gain information about an enemy or potential enemy)

From this reading “RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.”

salamanders noun US /ˌsæləˈmændərz/

plural of “salamander” — any of various typically terrestrial amphibians that resemble lizards and that return to water only to breed

From this reading “Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.”

Stent noun US /stent/

a slender tube inserted inside a tubular body part (as a blood vessel) to provide support during and after surgical anastomosis

From this reading “But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Chance detailed them for special duty as soon as they landed.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

boardnounUS /bɔːrd/

a committee having supervisory powers

From this reading But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.

BrownnounUS /braʊn/

an orange of low brightness and saturation

From this reading But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.

burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

Carfax

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

ChancenounUS /tʃæns/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading Chance detailed them for special duty as soon as they landed.

comparedverbUS /kəmˈperd/

past form of “compare” — examine and note the similarities or differences of

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

concerningverbUS /kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “concern” — be relevant to

From this reading But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.

damnedadjectiveUS /dæmd/

expletives used informally as intensifiers

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

DestinynounUS /ˈdestəni/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.

detailedadjectiveUS /dɪˈteɪld/

developed or executed with care and in minute detail

From this reading Chance detailed them for special duty as soon as they landed.

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

dozennounUS /ˈdʌzən/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading Chance detailed them for special duty as soon as they landed.

endedadjectiveUS /ˈendəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

FatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.

fed-up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

fiasconounUS /fiˈæskoʊ/

a sudden and violent collapse

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

filthyadjectiveUS /ˈfɪlθi/

disgustingly dirty; filled or smeared with offensive matter

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Chance detailed them for special duty as soon as they landed.

Gallipoli

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

gorsenoun

very spiny and dense evergreen shrub with fragrant golden-yellow flowers; common throughout western Europe

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

HarryverbUS /ˈheri/

annoy continually or chronically

From this reading But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

incompetencenounUS /ˌɪnˈkɑːmpətəns/

lack of physical or intellectual ability or qualifications

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

ItalynounUS /ˈɪtəli/

a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD

From this reading Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

jerkedverbUS /dʒɜːrkt/

past form of “jerk” — pull, or move with a sudden movement

From this reading Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.

Jim

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.

landedadjectiveUS /ˈlændəd/

owning or consisting of land or real estate

From this reading Chance detailed them for special duty as soon as they landed.

linkedadjectiveUS /lɪŋkt/

connected by a link, as railway cars or trailer trucks

From this reading Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.

makersnounUS /ˈmeɪkərz/

plural of “maker” — a person who makes things

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

mountainousadjectiveUS /ˈmaʊntənəs/

having hills and crags

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

mulenounUS /mjuːl/

hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse; usually sterile

From this reading But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.

mysteriousadjectiveUS /mɪˈstɪriəs/

of an obscure nature

From this reading Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

officialadjectiveUS /əˈfɪʃəl/

having official authority or sanction

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

officiallyadverbUS /əˈfɪʃəli/

in an official role

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.

perishedverbUS /ˈperɪʃt/

past form of “perish” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

RECONNAISSANCEnounUS /riˈkɑːnəsəns/

the act of reconnoitring (especially to gain information about an enemy or potential enemy)

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

salamandersnounUS /ˌsæləˈmændərz/

plural of “salamander” — any of various typically terrestrial amphibians that resemble lizards and that return to water only to breed

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

shoulderverbUS /ˈʃoʊldər/

lift onto one's shoulders

From this reading Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Chance detailed them for special duty as soon as they landed.

specialadjectiveUS /ˈspeʃəl/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading Chance detailed them for special duty as soon as they landed.

StentnounUS /stent/

a slender tube inserted inside a tubular body part (as a blood vessel) to provide support during and after surgical anastomosis

From this reading But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

that's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Chance detailed them for special duty as soon as they landed.

thousandsnounUS /ˈθaʊzəndz/

plural of “thousand” — the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

thumbnounUS /θʌm/

the thick short innermost digit of the forelimb

From this reading Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.

tinyadjectiveUS /ˈtaɪni/

very small

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.

tragedynounUS /ˈtrædʒədi/

an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

transportnounUS /trænˈspɔːrt/

something that serves as a means of transportation

From this reading But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.

TurkishadjectiveUS /ˈtɜːrkɪʃ/

of or relating to or characteristic of Turkey or its people or language

From this reading Here, a few perished among the filthy salamanders in the snow; there, thousands died in the burning Turkish gorse---- ------------------ But that’s history; and its makers are already officially damned.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading But now concerning two others of the fed-up dozen on board the mule transport--Harry Stent and Jim Brown.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading RECONNAISSANCE And that was the way Carfax ended--a tiny tragedy of incompetence compared to the mountainous official fiasco at Gallipoli.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Destiny linked arms with them; Fate jerked a mysterious thumb over her shoulder toward Italy.

Chapter 4 of Barbarians by Robert W. (Robert William) Chambers holds 93 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Barbarians contain?

Chapter 4 holds 93 sentences of Barbarians, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Barbarians by Robert W. (Robert William) Chambers exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 93 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Barbarians?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Barbarians

Common questions about reading Barbarians by Robert W. (Robert William) Chambers on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Barbarians?

Yes. All 4087 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #25623 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Barbarians is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #25623, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Barbarians take to read?

About 340 minutes of reading across 818 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Barbarians section by section

How to work through Barbarians section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Barbarians to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Barbarians

Words and structures a reader meets early in Barbarians, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Philippa
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Barbarians; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Daughter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Barbarians; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Light
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Barbarians; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bestial
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Barbarians; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.