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Barbarossa
Barbarossa

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Barbarossa is here in full — 401 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"_Amen_!" answered the cardinals.
There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.
The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.
Without, was heard the measured tramp of the sentinels, then soon all again was still.
Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Barbarossa

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Barbarossa is here in full — 401 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"_Amen_!" answered the cardinals.
/eɪˈmen ˈænsərd ðə ˈkɑːrdənəlz/
Line 2
There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.
Line 3
The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.
/ðə ˈbɪʃəps ənd ˈkɑːrdənəlz rɪˈmeɪnd ˈsiːtɪd bʌt ðə terz wɜːr ˈkɔːrsɪŋ daʊn ðer tʃiːks fɔːr æz ðeɪ lʊkt əˈpɑːn ðə poʊp ðeɪ ˈtrembəld fɔːr hɪz ˈseɪfti/
Line 4
Without, was heard the measured tramp of the sentinels, then soon all again was still.
/wɪˈθaʊt wɑːz hɜːrd ðə ˈmeʒərd træmp ʌv ðə ˈsentənəlz ðen suːn ɔːl əˈɡen wɑːz stɪl/
Line 5
Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abandon verb US /əˈbændən/

forsake, leave behind

From this reading “Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!”

Amen noun US /eɪˈmen/

a primeval Egyptian personification of air and breath; worshipped especially at Thebes

armor noun US /ˈɑːrmər/

protective covering made of metal and used in combat

From this reading “There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.”

bishops noun US /ˈbɪʃəps/

plural of “bishop” — a senior member of the Christian clergy having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve Apostles of Christ

From this reading “The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.”

cardinals noun US /ˈkɑːrdənəlz/

plural of “cardinal” — (Roman Catholic Church) one of a group of more than 100 prominent bishops in the Sacred College who advise the Pope and elect new Popes

From this reading “"_Amen_!" answered the cardinals.”

coursing noun US /ˈkɔːrsɪŋ/

hunting with dogs (usually greyhounds) that are trained to chase game (such as hares) by sight instead of by scent

From this reading “The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.”

crucifix noun US /ˈkruːsəfɪks/

representation of the cross on which Jesus died

From this reading “Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!”

sentinels noun US /ˈsentənəlz/

plural of “sentinel” — a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

From this reading “Without, was heard the measured tramp of the sentinels, then soon all again was still.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

profound silence adjective + noun

In this reading “There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.”

stood motionless verb + adjective

In this reading “There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.”

once more adverb + adjective

anew

In this reading “Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!”

remained seated verb + adjective counted as “remain seated”

In this reading “The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.”

looked upon verb + particle counted as “look upon”

look on as or consider

In this reading “The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.”

with emotion preposition + noun

In this reading “Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!”

at the foot preposition + article + noun counted as “at … foot”

In this reading “Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!”

before the door preposition + article + noun counted as “before … door”

In this reading “There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

abandonverbUS /əˈbændən/

forsake, leave behind

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Without, was heard the measured tramp of the sentinels, then soon all again was still.

AlexandernounUS /ˌæləɡˈzændər/

European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Without, was heard the measured tramp of the sentinels, then soon all again was still.

altarnounUS /ˈɔːltər/

the table in Christian churches where communion is given

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

AmennounUS /eɪˈmen/

a primeval Egyptian personification of air and breath; worshipped especially at Thebes

From this reading "_Amen_!" answered the cardinals.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

answeredverbUS /ˈænsərd/

past form of “answer” — react verbally

From this reading "_Amen_!" answered the cardinals.

armornounUS /ˈɑːrmər/

protective covering made of metal and used in combat

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

bishopsnounUS /ˈbɪʃəps/

plural of “bishop” — a senior member of the Christian clergy having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve Apostles of Christ

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

cardinalsnounUS /ˈkɑːrdənəlz/

plural of “cardinal” — (Roman Catholic Church) one of a group of more than 100 prominent bishops in the Sacred College who advise the Pope and elect new Popes

From this reading "_Amen_!" answered the cardinals.

cheeksnounUS /tʃiːks/

plural of “cheek” — either side of the face below the eyes

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

compelledverbUS /kəmˈpeld/

inflected form of “compel” — force somebody to do something

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

coursingnounUS /ˈkɔːrsɪŋ/

hunting with dogs (usually greyhounds) that are trained to chase game (such as hares) by sight instead of by scent

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

crucifixnounUS /ˈkruːsəfɪks/

representation of the cross on which Jesus died

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

emotionnounUS /ɪˈmoʊʃən/

any strong feeling

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

entrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

flocknounUS /flɑːk/

a church congregation guided by a pastor

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

Frangipaninoun

any of various tropical American deciduous shrubs or trees of the genus Plumeria having milky sap and showy fragrant funnel-shaped variously colored flowers

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

GodnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading Without, was heard the measured tramp of the sentinels, then soon all again was still.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

kneltverbUS /nelt/

inflected form of “kneel” — rest one's weight on one's knees

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

measuredadjectiveUS /ˈmeʒərd/

having notes of fixed rhythmic value

From this reading Without, was heard the measured tramp of the sentinels, then soon all again was still.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

motionlessadjectiveUS /ˈmoʊʃənləs/

not in physical motion

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

PopenounUS /poʊp/

the head of the Roman Catholic Church

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

profoundadjectiveUS /proʊˈfaʊnd/

showing intellectual penetration or emotional depth

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

protectverbUS /prəˈtekt/

shield from danger, injury, destruction, or damage

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

raisingnounUS /ˈreɪzɪŋ/

the event of something being raised upward

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

safetynounUS /ˈseɪfti/

the state of being certain that adverse effects will not be caused by some agent under defined conditions

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

Saviournoun

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

seatedadjectiveUS /ˈsiːtɪd/

(of persons) having the torso erect and legs bent with the body supported on the buttocks

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

sentinelsnounUS /ˈsentənəlz/

plural of “sentinel” — a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

From this reading Without, was heard the measured tramp of the sentinels, then soon all again was still.

silencenounUS /ˈsaɪ.ləns/

Complete absence of sound; a state of quietness and stillness.

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Without, was heard the measured tramp of the sentinels, then soon all again was still.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Without, was heard the measured tramp of the sentinels, then soon all again was still.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

tearsnounUS /terz/

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "_Amen_!" answered the cardinals.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Without, was heard the measured tramp of the sentinels, then soon all again was still.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

trampnounUS /træmp/

a vagrant

From this reading Without, was heard the measured tramp of the sentinels, then soon all again was still.

trembledverbUS /ˈtrembəld/

past form of “tremble” — move or jerk quickly and involuntarily up and down or sideways

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The bishops and cardinals remained seated, but the tears were coursing down their cheeks, for as they looked upon the Pope, they trembled for his safety.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading There was a profound silence, which was broken by the entrance of Frangipani, who in full armor stood motionless before the door.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Alexander knelt once more at the foot of the altar, and raising his eyes to the crucifix, "O my God! my Saviour!" said he with emotion, "protect the flock which I am compelled to abandon!

WithoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Without, was heard the measured tramp of the sentinels, then soon all again was still.

Chapter 15 of Barbarossa by Conrad von Bolanden holds 401 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of Barbarossa contain?

Chapter 15 holds 401 sentences of Barbarossa, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of Barbarossa by Conrad von Bolanden exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 401 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of Barbarossa?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Barbarossa

Common questions about reading Barbarossa by Conrad von Bolanden on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Barbarossa?

Yes. All 6117 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #33487 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Barbarossa is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #33487, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Barbarossa take to read?

About 509 minutes of reading across 1224 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Barbarossa section by section

How to work through Barbarossa section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of Barbarossa to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Barbarossa

Words and structures a reader meets early in Barbarossa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Century
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Barbarossa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Entered
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Barbarossa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
According
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Barbarossa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Congress
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Barbarossa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.