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Barclay of the Guides
Barclay of the Guides

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Barclay of the Guides is here in full — 409 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Barclay of the Guides
Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Teach me what?"
And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.
He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.
"And if there are some who shoot equally well, what then?" asked Ahmed.
"Oh, then he does as Hodson Sahib did.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Barclay of the Guides

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Barclay of the Guides is here in full — 409 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Teach me what?"
/tiːtʃ miː wʌt/
Line 2
And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.
Line 3
He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.
/hiː held ə ˌkɑːmpəˈtɪʃən əˈmʌŋ ðə ˈkændədeɪts ənd tʊk ðem tuː ðə ˈraɪfəl reɪndʒ tuː ʃuːt ɪt ɔːf əˈmʌŋ ðemˈselvz ðə best ʃɑːts ɡɑːt ðə ˈpleɪsəz/
Line 4
"And if there are some who shoot equally well, what then?" asked Ahmed.
Line 5
"Oh, then he does as Hodson Sahib did.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

candidates noun US /ˈkændədeɪts/

plural of “candidate” — a politician who is running for public office

From this reading “He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.”

competition noun US /ˌkɑːmpəˈtɪʃən/

a business relation in which two parties compete to gain customers

From this reading “He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.”

filling noun US /ˈfɪlɪŋ/

any material that fills a space or container

From this reading “And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.”

range noun US /reɪndʒ/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading “He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.”

rifle verb US /ˈraɪfəl/

steal goods; take as spoils

From this reading “He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.”

shoot verb US /ʃuːt/

hit with a missile from a weapon

From this reading “He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.”

shots noun US /ʃɑːts/

plural of “shot” — the act of firing a projectile

From this reading “He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.”

vacancies noun US /ˈveɪkənsiz/

plural of “vacancy” — being unoccupied

From this reading “And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

rifle range verb + noun

the distance that a rifle bullet will carry

In this reading “He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.”

best shots noun + noun counted as “best shot”

In this reading “He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.”

All words in this reading · 49

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

Ahmed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "And if there are some who shoot equally well, what then?" asked Ahmed.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "And if there are some who shoot equally well, what then?" asked Ahmed.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading "And if there are some who shoot equally well, what then?" asked Ahmed.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

candidatesnounUS /ˈkændədeɪts/

plural of “candidate” — a politician who is running for public office

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

competitionnounUS /ˌkɑːmpəˈtɪʃən/

a business relation in which two parties compete to gain customers

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading "Oh, then he does as Hodson Sahib did.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Oh, then he does as Hodson Sahib did.

equallyadverbUS /ˈiːkwəli/

to the same degree (often followed by “as”)

From this reading "And if there are some who shoot equally well, what then?" asked Ahmed.

explainedverbUS /ɪkˈspleɪnd/

past form of “explain” — make plain and comprehensible

From this reading And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.

fillingnounUS /ˈfɪlɪŋ/

any material that fills a space or container

From this reading And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

Hodson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Oh, then he does as Hodson Sahib did.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading "And if there are some who shoot equally well, what then?" asked Ahmed.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

Lumsden's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "Teach me what?"

occurredverbUS /əˈkɜːrd/

inflected form of “occur” — come to pass

From this reading And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

OhnounUS /oʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading "Oh, then he does as Hodson Sahib did.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

rangenounUS /reɪndʒ/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

rifleverbUS /ˈraɪfəl/

steal goods; take as spoils

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

Sahibnoun

formerly a term of respect for important white Europeans in colonial India; used after the name

From this reading "Oh, then he does as Hodson Sahib did.

Sherdil

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.

shootverbUS /ʃuːt/

hit with a missile from a weapon

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

shotsnounUS /ʃɑːts/

plural of “shot” — the act of firing a projectile

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading "And if there are some who shoot equally well, what then?" asked Ahmed.

TeachverbUS /tiːtʃ/

impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading "Teach me what?"

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading "And if there are some who shoot equally well, what then?" asked Ahmed.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading He held a competition among the candidates, and took them to the rifle range to shoot it off among themselves: the best shots got the places.

vacanciesnounUS /ˈveɪkənsiz/

plural of “vacancy” — being unoccupied

From this reading And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading And then Sherdil explained Lumsden's way of filling the vacancies as they occurred.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading "And if there are some who shoot equally well, what then?" asked Ahmed.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading "Teach me what?"

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading "And if there are some who shoot equally well, what then?" asked Ahmed.

Chapter 4 of Barclay of the Guides by Herbert Strang holds 409 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Barclay of the Guides contain?

Chapter 4 holds 409 sentences of Barclay of the Guides, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Barclay of the Guides by Herbert Strang exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 409 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Barclay of the Guides?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Barclay of the Guides

Common questions about reading Barclay of the Guides by Herbert Strang on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Barclay of the Guides?

Yes. All 5524 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32102 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Barclay of the Guides is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32102, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Barclay of the Guides take to read?

About 460 minutes of reading across 1105 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Barclay of the Guides section by section

How to work through Barclay of the Guides section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Barclay of the Guides

Words and structures a reader meets early in Barclay of the Guides, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Barclay of the Guides; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mutiny
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Barclay of the Guides; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Embraced
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Barclay of the Guides; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Momentous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Barclay of the Guides; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.