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Bardell v. Pickwick
Bardell v. Pickwick

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Bardell v. Pickwick is here in full — 404 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Bardell v. Pickwick
Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This was no more than speaking "in mitigation of damages."
Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.
For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."
CHARGE AND VERDICT.
The regular formula is this.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Bardell v. Pickwick

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Bardell v. Pickwick is here in full — 404 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This was no more than speaking "in mitigation of damages."
/ðɪs wɑːz noʊ mɔːr ðæn ˈspiːkɪŋ ɪn ˌmɪtɪˈɡeɪʃən ʌv ˈdæmədʒəz/
Line 2
Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.
Line 3
For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."
Line 4
CHARGE AND VERDICT.
/tʃɑːrdʒ ənd ˈvɜːrdɪkt/
Line 5
The regular formula is this.
/ðə ˈreɡjələr ˈfɔːrmjələ ɪz ðɪs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

damaged adjective US /ˈdæmədʒd/

harmed or injured or spoiled

From this reading “Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.”

damages noun US /ˈdæmədʒəz/

a sum of money paid in compensation for loss or injury

From this reading “This was no more than speaking "in mitigation of damages."”

Defendant's noun US /dɪˈfendənts/

possessive form of “defendant” — a person or institution against whom an action is brought in a court of law; the person being sued or accused

From this reading “For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."”

formula noun US /ˈfɔːrmjələ/

a group of symbols that make a mathematical statement

From this reading “The regular formula is this.”

mitigation noun US /ˌmɪtɪˈɡeɪʃən/

to act in such a way as to cause an offense to seem less serious

From this reading “This was no more than speaking "in mitigation of damages."”

tatters noun US /ˈtætərz/

plural of “tatter” — a small piece of cloth or paper

From this reading “For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."”

verdict noun US /ˈvɜːrdɪkt/

(law) the findings of a jury on issues of fact submitted to it for decision; can be used in formulating a judgment

From this reading “CHARGE AND VERDICT.”

witnesses noun US /ˈwɪtnəsəz/

plural of “witness” — someone who sees an event and reports what happened

From this reading “Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading CHARGE AND VERDICT.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

CHARGEverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading CHARGE AND VERDICT.

CourtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

damagedadjectiveUS /ˈdæmədʒd/

harmed or injured or spoiled

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

damagesnounUS /ˈdæmədʒəz/

a sum of money paid in compensation for loss or injury

From this reading This was no more than speaking "in mitigation of damages."

Defendant'snounUS /dɪˈfendənts/

possessive form of “defendant” — a person or institution against whom an action is brought in a court of law; the person being sued or accused

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

formulanounUS /ˈfɔːrmjələ/

a group of symbols that make a mathematical statement

From this reading The regular formula is this.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

hearingnounUS /ˈhiːrɪŋ/

(law) a proceeding (usually by a court) where evidence is taken for the purpose of determining an issue of fact and reaching a decision based on that evidence

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This was no more than speaking "in mitigation of damages."

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The regular formula is this.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

mitigationnounUS /ˌmɪtɪˈɡeɪʃən/

to act in such a way as to cause an offense to seem less serious

From this reading This was no more than speaking "in mitigation of damages."

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading This was no more than speaking "in mitigation of damages."

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading This was no more than speaking "in mitigation of damages."

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This was no more than speaking "in mitigation of damages."

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

Phunky

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

regularadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjələr/

in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle

From this reading The regular formula is this.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

Skimpin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

speakingnounUS /ˈspiːkɪŋ/

the utterance of intelligible speech

From this reading This was no more than speaking "in mitigation of damages."

speechnounUS /spiːtʃ/

the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

tattersnounUS /ˈtætərz/

plural of “tatter” — a small piece of cloth or paper

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading This was no more than speaking "in mitigation of damages."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was no more than speaking "in mitigation of damages."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

tornadjectiveUS /tɔːrn/

having edges that are jagged from injury

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

VERDICTnounUS /ˈvɜːrdɪkt/

(law) the findings of a jury on issues of fact submitted to it for decision; can be used in formulating a judgment

From this reading CHARGE AND VERDICT.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This was no more than speaking "in mitigation of damages."

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

witnessesnounUS /ˈwɪtnəsəz/

plural of “witness” — someone who sees an event and reports what happened

From this reading Mr. Phunky made no speech, which was just as well, as he might have but damaged the case, as no witnesses had been called on his side.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading For the same reason, the Court had not the pleasure of hearing Skimpin, who would no doubt have "torn the Defendant's case to tatters."

Chapter 4 of Bardell v. Pickwick by Percy Fitzgerald holds 404 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Bardell v. Pickwick contain?

Chapter 4 holds 404 sentences of Bardell v. Pickwick, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Bardell v. Pickwick by Percy Fitzgerald exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 404 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Bardell v. Pickwick?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Bardell v. Pickwick

Common questions about reading Bardell v. Pickwick by Percy Fitzgerald on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Bardell v. Pickwick?

Yes. All 1601 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #25985 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Bardell v. Pickwick is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #25985, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Bardell v. Pickwick take to read?

About 133 minutes of reading across 321 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Bardell v. Pickwick section by section

How to work through Bardell v. Pickwick section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Bardell v. Pickwick

Words and structures a reader meets early in Bardell v. Pickwick, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Trial
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bardell v. Pickwick; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Breach
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bardell v. Pickwick; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Promise
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bardell v. Pickwick; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Marriage
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bardell v. Pickwick; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.