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Before Adam
Before Adam

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Before Adam is here in full — 180 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Before Adam
Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Well do I remember that first winter after I left home.
I have long dreams of sitting shivering in the cold.
Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.
It got particularly crisp along toward morning.
In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Before Adam

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Before Adam is here in full — 180 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Well do I remember that first winter after I left home.
/wel duː aɪ rɪˈmɛm.bər ðæt fɜːrst ˈwɪntər ˈæftər aɪ left hoʊm/
Line 2
I have long dreams of sitting shivering in the cold.
/aɪ hæv lɔːŋ driːmz ʌv ˈsɪtɪŋ ˈʃɪvərɪŋ ɪn ðə koʊld/
Line 3
Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.
Line 4
It got particularly crisp along toward morning.
/ɪt ɡɑːt ˌpɑːrˈtɪkjələrli krɪsp əˈlɔːŋ təˈwɔːrd ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/
Line 5
In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.
/ɪn ðoʊz tʃɪl ˈɜːrli ˈaʊərz wiː slept ˈlɪtəl ˈhʌdəlɪŋ təˈɡeðər ɪn nʌm ˈmɪzəri ənd ˈweɪtɪŋ fɔːr ðə ˈsʌnraɪz ɪn ˈɔːrdər tuː ɡet wɔːrm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chattering noun US /ˈtʃætərɪŋ/

the rapid series of noises made by the parts of a machine

From this reading “Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.”

chill noun US /tʃɪl/

coldness due to a cold environment

From this reading “In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.”

crisp adjective US /krɪsp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading “It got particularly crisp along toward morning.”

huddling verb US /ˈhʌdəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “huddle” — crowd or draw together

From this reading “In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.”

misery noun US /ˈmɪzəri/

a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

From this reading “In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.”

numb adjective US /nʌm/

lacking sensation

From this reading “In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.”

shivering noun US /ˈʃɪvərɪŋ/

a sensation of cold that often marks the start of an infection and the development of a fever

From this reading “I have long dreams of sitting shivering in the cold.”

sunrise noun US /ˈsʌnraɪz/

the first light of day

From this reading “In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Well do I remember that first winter after I left home.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading It got particularly crisp along toward morning.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

blue-faced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

chatteringnounUS /ˈtʃætərɪŋ/

the rapid series of noises made by the parts of a machine

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

chillnounUS /tʃɪl/

coldness due to a cold environment

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading I have long dreams of sitting shivering in the cold.

crispadjectiveUS /krɪsp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading It got particularly crisp along toward morning.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Well do I remember that first winter after I left home.

dreamsnounUS /driːmz/

plural of “dream” — a series of mental images and emotions occurring during sleep

From this reading I have long dreams of sitting shivering in the cold.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Well do I remember that first winter after I left home.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading It got particularly crisp along toward morning.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I have long dreams of sitting shivering in the cold.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Well do I remember that first winter after I left home.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

huddlingverbUS /ˈhʌdəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “huddle” — crowd or draw together

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Well do I remember that first winter after I left home.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I have long dreams of sitting shivering in the cold.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It got particularly crisp along toward morning.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Well do I remember that first winter after I left home.

legsnounUS /leɡz/

staying power

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading I have long dreams of sitting shivering in the cold.

Lop-Ear

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

miserynounUS /ˈmɪzəri/

a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading It got particularly crisp along toward morning.

numbadjectiveUS /nʌm/

lacking sensation

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I have long dreams of sitting shivering in the cold.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

particularlyadverbUS /ˌpɑːrˈtɪkjələrli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading It got particularly crisp along toward morning.

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading Well do I remember that first winter after I left home.

shiveringnounUS /ˈʃɪvərɪŋ/

a sensation of cold that often marks the start of an infection and the development of a fever

From this reading I have long dreams of sitting shivering in the cold.

sitverbUS /sɪt/

be seated

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

sittingnounUS /ˈsɪtɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading I have long dreams of sitting shivering in the cold.

sleptverbUS /slept/

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

sunrisenounUS /ˈsʌnraɪz/

the first light of day

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

teethnounUS /tiːθ/

the kind and number and arrangement of teeth (collectively) in a person or animal

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Well do I remember that first winter after I left home.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I have long dreams of sitting shivering in the cold.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading It got particularly crisp along toward morning.

waitingnounUS /ˈweɪtɪŋ/

the act of waiting (remaining inactive in one place while expecting something)

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

warmadjectiveUS /wɔːrm/

having or producing a comfortable and agreeable degree of heat or imparting or maintaining heat

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading In those chill early hours we slept little, huddling together in numb misery and waiting for the sunrise in order to get warm.

WelladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Well do I remember that first winter after I left home.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading Well do I remember that first winter after I left home.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Lop-Ear and I sit close together, with our arms and legs about each other, blue-faced and with chattering teeth.

Chapter 8 of Before Adam by Jack London holds 180 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Before Adam contain?

Chapter 8 holds 180 sentences of Before Adam, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Before Adam by Jack London exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 180 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Before Adam?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Before Adam

Common questions about reading Before Adam by Jack London on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Before Adam?

Yes. All 2488 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #310 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Before Adam is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #310, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Before Adam take to read?

About 207 minutes of reading across 498 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Before Adam section by section

How to work through Before Adam section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 18 chapters of Before Adam to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Before Adam

Words and structures a reader meets early in Before Adam, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Pictures
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Before Adam; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Often
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Before Adam; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Learned
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Before Adam; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wonder
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Before Adam; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.