Chapter VII · Chapter 7

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading And as the winter pressed down closer and heavier on Richmond, so did the omens of her fate.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

the process of taking in and expelling air during breathing

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

(comparative of “near” or “close”) within a shorter distance

From this reading And as the winter pressed down closer and heavier on Richmond, so did the omens of her fate.

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading And as the winter pressed down closer and heavier on Richmond, so did the omens of her fate.

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

the overhang at the lower edge of a roof

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

covered or protected with or as if with a case

From this reading Richmond was encased in a sheath of gleaming white.

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading And as the winter pressed down closer and heavier on Richmond, so did the omens of her fate.

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading Higher and higher went the price of food, and lower and lower sank the hopes of her people.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

a flash of light (especially reflected light)

From this reading Richmond was encased in a sheath of gleaming white.

comparative of “heavy” — of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading And as the winter pressed down closer and heavier on Richmond, so did the omens of her fate.

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading And as the winter pressed down closer and heavier on Richmond, so did the omens of her fate.

advanced in complexity or elaboration

From this reading Higher and higher went the price of food, and lower and lower sank the hopes of her people.

plural of “hope” — a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading Higher and higher went the price of food, and lower and lower sank the hopes of her people.

characteristic of humanity

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

water frozen in the solid state

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

plural of “icicle” — ice resembling a pendent spear, formed by the freezing of dripping water

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Richmond was encased in a sheath of gleaming white.

discontinued temporarily

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading Higher and higher went the price of food, and lower and lower sank the hopes of her people.

the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

a heavy silvery toxic univalent and bivalent metallic element; the only metal that is liquid at ordinary temperatures

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

plural of “omen” — a sign of something about to happen

From this reading And as the winter pressed down closer and heavier on Richmond, so did the omens of her fate.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading And as the winter pressed down closer and heavier on Richmond, so did the omens of her fate.

become less interesting or attractive

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Higher and higher went the price of food, and lower and lower sank the hopes of her people.

compacted by ironing

From this reading And as the winter pressed down closer and heavier on Richmond, so did the omens of her fate.

the property of having material worth (often indicated by the amount of money something would bring if sold)

From this reading Higher and higher went the price of food, and lower and lower sank the hopes of her people.

(especially of incident sound or light) bent or sent back

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

capital of the state of Virginia located in the east central part of the state; was capital of the Confederacy during the American Civil War

From this reading Richmond was encased in a sheath of gleaming white.

plural of “roof” — a protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

plural of “row” — an arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

inflected form of “sink” — fall or descend to a lower place or level

From this reading Higher and higher went the price of food, and lower and lower sank the hopes of her people.

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

a protective covering (as for a knife or sword)

From this reading Richmond was encased in a sheath of gleaming white.

(used especially of meats and fish) dried and cured by hanging in wood smoke

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading And as the winter pressed down closer and heavier on Richmond, so did the omens of her fate.

plural of “spear” — a long pointed rod used as a tool or weapon

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

orally recite the letters of or give the spelling of

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

happening without warning or in a short space of time

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

make physical contact with, come in contact with

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

moved around an axis or center

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

precisely as stated

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

at the time that

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

a Caucasian

From this reading Richmond was encased in a sheath of gleaming white.

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.

characteristic of or occurring in winter

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

in the company of; together with

From this reading The cold wintry sun was reflected from roofs of ice, the streets were covered with it, icicles hung like rows of spears from the eaves, and the human breath smoked at the touch of the air.

indicating the absence of any or all units under consideration

From this reading THE PALL OF WINTER The deep snow was followed by the beginning of a thaw, interrupted by a sudden and very sharp cold spell, when the mercury went down to zero and the water from the melting snow turned to ice.