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Before the Dawn
Before the Dawn

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Before the Dawn is here in full — 300 sentences across 60 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/60 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.
The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.
The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.
The Secretary had gone again to look on at the battle.
It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Before the Dawn

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Before the Dawn is here in full — 300 sentences across 60 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/60 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.
/ə ˈdeləkət ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən ðə ˈwuːndɪd ənd ðoʊz huː wɑːtʃt ðem ɪn ðə oʊld haʊs lɜːrnd ə ˈlɪtəl ʌv ðə reɪs θruː ðə ˈdɑːrknəs/
Line 2
The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.
Line 3
The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.
Line 4
The Secretary had gone again to look on at the battle.
/ðə ˈsekrəteri hæd ɡɔːn əˈɡen tuː lʊk ɑːn æt ðə ˈbætəl/
Line 5
It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

combat noun US /ˈkɑːmbæt/

an engagement fought between two military forces

From this reading “The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.”

escorted verb US /eˈskɔːrtɪd/

past form of “escort” — accompany as an escort

From this reading “The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.”

flank noun US /flæŋk/

the side of military or naval formation

From this reading “The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.”

recently adverb US /ˈriːsəntli/

in the recent past

From this reading “It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.”

Richmond noun US /ˈrɪtʃmənd/

capital of the state of Virginia located in the east central part of the state; was capital of the Confederacy during the American Civil War

From this reading “The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.”

Talbot noun US /ˈtælbət/

English inventor and pioneer in photography who published the first book illustrated with photographs (1800-1877)

From this reading “The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.”

troopers noun US /ˈtruːpərz/

plural of “trooper” — a soldier in a motorized army unit

From this reading “The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.”

wagons noun US /ˈwæɡənz/

plural of “wagon” — any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading “The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading The Secretary had gone again to look on at the battle.

amidprepositionUS /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The Secretary had gone again to look on at the battle.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading The Secretary had gone again to look on at the battle.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

Catherwood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

combatnounUS /ˈkɑːmbæt/

an engagement fought between two military forces

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

commandedverbUS /kəˈmændɪd/

past form of “command” — be in command of

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

darknessnounUS /ˈdɑːrknəs/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

DELICATEadjectiveUS /ˈdeləkət/

exquisitely fine and subtle and pleasing; susceptible to injury

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

escapedadjectiveUS /ɪˈskeɪpt/

having escaped, especially from confinement

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

escortedverbUS /eˈskɔːrtɪd/

past form of “escort” — accompany as an escort

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

flanknounUS /flæŋk/

the side of military or naval formation

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading The Secretary had gone again to look on at the battle.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The Secretary had gone again to look on at the battle.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The Secretary had gone again to look on at the battle.

Lucia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

pathnounUS /pæθ/

a course of conduct

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

recentlyadverbUS /ˈriːsəntli/

in the recent past

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

rentverbUS /rent/

let for money

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

retreatnounUS /riˈtriːt/

(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

RichmondnounUS /ˈrɪtʃmənd/

capital of the state of Virginia located in the east central part of the state; was capital of the Confederacy during the American Civil War

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

SecretarynounUS /ˈsekrəteri/

a person who is head of an administrative department of government

From this reading The Secretary had gone again to look on at the battle.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

shoulderverbUS /ˈʃoʊldər/

lift onto one's shoulders

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

SITUATIONnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən/

the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

slightlyadverbUS /ˈslaɪtli/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

smokenounUS /smoʊk/

a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

solemnadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləm/

dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

SouthernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

Spottsylvania

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

startverbUS /stɑːrt/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

TalbotnounUS /ˈtælbət/

English inventor and pioneer in photography who published the first book illustrated with photographs (1800-1877)

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Secretary had gone again to look on at the battle.

tornadjectiveUS /tɔːrn/

having edges that are jagged from injury

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

trainverbUS /treɪn/

create by training and teaching

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

troopersnounUS /ˈtruːpərz/

plural of “trooper” — a soldier in a motorized army unit

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

vapoursnoun

a state of depression

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

wagonsnounUS /ˈwæɡənz/

plural of “wagon” — any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

watchedverbUS /wɑːtʃt/

past form of “watch” — look attentively

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

wheel-about

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

WildernessnounUS /ˈwɪldərnəs/

(politics) a state of disfavor

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading It was thus that Lucia Catherwood found herself on the way, of her own free will, to that Richmond from which she had recently escaped with so much trouble.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The change of the field of combat, the struggle for Spottsylvania and the wheel-about of the Southern army would leave them in the path of the North, and they must retreat toward Richmond.

woundnounUS /waʊnd/

an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)

From this reading The start next morning was through a torn and rent Wilderness, amid smoke and vapours, with wounded in the wagons, making a solemn train that wound its way through the forest, escorted on either flank by troopers, commanded by Talbot, slightly wounded in the shoulder.

woundednounUS /ˈwuːndɪd/

people who are wounded

From this reading A DELICATE SITUATION The wounded and those who watched them in the old house learned a little of the race through the darkness.

Chapter 20 of Before the Dawn by Joseph A. (Joseph Alexander) Altsheler holds 300 sentences, grouped into 60 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Before the Dawn contain?

Chapter 20 holds 300 sentences of Before the Dawn, unabridged, divided into 60 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Before the Dawn by Joseph A. (Joseph Alexander) Altsheler exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 300 sentences, grouped into 60 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Before the Dawn?

Work through the 60 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 60 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Before the Dawn

Common questions about reading Before the Dawn by Joseph A. (Joseph Alexander) Altsheler on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Before the Dawn?

Yes. All 6576 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #21321 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Before the Dawn is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #21321, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Before the Dawn take to read?

About 548 minutes of reading across 1316 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Before the Dawn section by section

How to work through Before the Dawn section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Before the Dawn to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Before the Dawn

Words and structures a reader meets early in Before the Dawn, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Modest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Before the Dawn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
House
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Before the Dawn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prescott
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Before the Dawn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Turned
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Before the Dawn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.