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Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon
Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon is here in full — 220 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon
Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.
Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.
Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.
Shadrach, Isaiah’s father, had been a fellow-minister with Daniel, but the liberal sway of Nebuchadnezzar was long since past.
Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon is here in full — 220 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.
Line 2
Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.
Line 3
Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.
Line 4
Shadrach, Isaiah’s father, had been a fellow-minister with Daniel, but the liberal sway of Nebuchadnezzar was long since past.
Line 5
Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.
/ˌaɪˈzeɪə sɔː hɪmˈself ʃʌt aʊt ʌv ˈevəri ˈɔːfɪs soʊ lɔːŋ æz hiː klʌŋ tuː ðə ɡɑːd ʌv hɪz ˈpiːpəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chariot noun US /ˈtʃeriət/

a light four-wheel horse-drawn ceremonial carriage

From this reading “The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.”

exiles noun US /ˈeɡzaɪlz/

plural of “exile” — a person who is voluntarily absent from home or country

From this reading “Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.”

guided adjective US /ˈɡaɪdəd/

subject to guidance or control especially after launching

From this reading “Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.”

Hebrews noun US /ˈhiːbruːz/

the ethnic group claiming descent from Abraham and Isaac (especially from Isaac's son Jacob); the nation whom God chose to receive his revelation and with whom God chose to make a covenant (Exodus 19)

From this reading “Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.”

Isaiah noun US /ˌaɪˈzeɪə/

(Old Testament) the first of the major Hebrew prophets (8th century BC)

From this reading “The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.”

Jehovah noun US /dʒəˈhoʊvə/

a name for the God of the Old Testament as transliterated from the Hebrew consonants YHVH

From this reading “Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.”

pontiff's noun US /ˈpɑːntəfs/

possessive form of “pontiff” — the head of the Roman Catholic Church

sway verb US /sweɪ/

move back and forth or sideways

From this reading “Shadrach, Isaiah’s father, had been a fellow-minister with Daniel, but the liberal sway of Nebuchadnezzar was long since past.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

long time adjective + noun

a prolonged period of time

In this reading “The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.”

shut out verb + adjective

prevent from entering; shut out

In this reading “Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.”

all things adjective + noun

In this reading “Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.

Avil-Marduk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.

Belshazzarnoun

(Old Testament) Babylonian general and son of Nebuchadnezzar II; according to the Old Testament he was warned of his doom by divine handwriting on the wall that was interpreted by Daniel (6th century BC)

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Shadrach, Isaiah’s father, had been a fellow-minister with Daniel, but the liberal sway of Nebuchadnezzar was long since past.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

chariotnounUS /ˈtʃeriət/

a light four-wheel horse-drawn ceremonial carriage

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

civil-minister

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

clattered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

clungverbUS /klʌŋ/

inflected form of “cling” — come or be in close contact with; stick or hold together and resist separation

From this reading Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.

DanielnounUS /ˈdænjəl/

(Old Testament) a youth who was taken into the court of Nebuchadnezzar and given divine protection when thrown into a den of lions (6th century BC)

From this reading Shadrach, Isaiah’s father, had been a fellow-minister with Daniel, but the liberal sway of Nebuchadnezzar was long since past.

EveradverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.

exilesnounUS /ˈeɡzaɪlz/

plural of “exile” — a person who is voluntarily absent from home or country

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Shadrach, Isaiah’s father, had been a fellow-minister with Daniel, but the liberal sway of Nebuchadnezzar was long since past.

fellow-minister

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shadrach, Isaiah’s father, had been a fellow-minister with Daniel, but the liberal sway of Nebuchadnezzar was long since past.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.

gloomyadjectiveUS /ˈɡluːmi/

depressingly dark

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

GodnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.

growingnounUS /ˈɡroʊɪŋ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.

guidedadjectiveUS /ˈɡaɪdəd/

subject to guidance or control especially after launching

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.

HebrewsnounUS /ˈhiːbruːz/

the ethnic group claiming descent from Abraham and Isaac (especially from Isaac's son Jacob); the nation whom God chose to receive his revelation and with whom God chose to make a covenant (Exodus 19)

From this reading Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

IsaiahnounUS /ˌaɪˈzeɪə/

(Old Testament) the first of the major Hebrew prophets (8th century BC)

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

Isaiah's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shadrach, Isaiah’s father, had been a fellow-minister with Daniel, but the liberal sway of Nebuchadnezzar was long since past.

JehovahnounUS /dʒəˈhoʊvə/

a name for the God of the Old Testament as transliterated from the Hebrew consonants YHVH

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

liberaladjectiveUS /ˈlɪbɜːrəl/

showing or characterized by broad-mindedness

From this reading Shadrach, Isaiah’s father, had been a fellow-minister with Daniel, but the liberal sway of Nebuchadnezzar was long since past.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

miserableadjectiveUS /ˈmɪzərəbəl/

very unhappy; full of misery

From this reading Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.

Nabonidus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.

Nebuchadnezzarnoun

(Old Testament) king of Chaldea who captured and destroyed Jerusalem and exiled the Israelites to Babylonia (630?-562 BC)

From this reading Shadrach, Isaiah’s father, had been a fellow-minister with Daniel, but the liberal sway of Nebuchadnezzar was long since past.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading Shadrach, Isaiah’s father, had been a fellow-minister with Daniel, but the liberal sway of Nebuchadnezzar was long since past.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.

pontiff'snounUS /ˈpɑːntəfs/

possessive form of “pontiff” — the head of the Roman Catholic Church

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.

ragenounUS /reɪdʒ/

a feeling of intense anger

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

reverynoun

an abstracted state of absorption

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.

Shadrach

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Shadrach, Isaiah’s father, had been a fellow-minister with Daniel, but the liberal sway of Nebuchadnezzar was long since past.

shutverbUS /ʃʌt/

move so that an opening or passage is obstructed; make shut

From this reading Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.

steadilyadverbUS /ˈstedəli/

at a steady rate or pace

From this reading Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

swayverbUS /sweɪ/

move back and forth or sideways

From this reading Shadrach, Isaiah’s father, had been a fellow-minister with Daniel, but the liberal sway of Nebuchadnezzar was long since past.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

thrustverbUS /θrʌst/

push forcefully

From this reading Ever since Nabonidus had been thrust from power, the condition of the Hebrews had been growing steadily more miserable.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The chariot of the “civil-minister” clattered away, and Isaiah stood for a long time in gloomy revery.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Isaiah saw himself shut out of every office, so long as he clung to the God of his people.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Shadrach, Isaiah’s father, had been a fellow-minister with Daniel, but the liberal sway of Nebuchadnezzar was long since past.

worshipverbUS /ˈwɜːrʃəp/

love unquestioningly and uncritically or to excess; venerate as an idol

From this reading Belshazzar was in all things guided by Avil-Marduk, and the high pontiff’s rage against the Jehovah worship of the exiles was nothing new.

Chapter 4 of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon by William Stearns Davis holds 220 sentences, grouped into 44 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon contain?

Chapter 4 holds 220 sentences of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon, unabridged, divided into 44 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon by William Stearns Davis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 220 sentences, grouped into 44 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon?

Work through the 44 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 44 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon

Common questions about reading Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon by William Stearns Davis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon?

Yes. All 6626 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #66745 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #66745, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon take to read?

About 552 minutes of reading across 1326 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon section by section

How to work through Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon

Words and structures a reader meets early in Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Babylon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Month
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.