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Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon
Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon is here in full — 215 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon
Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.
They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.
But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!
What had Belshazzar and his city to fear?
The battering ram?
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon is here in full — 215 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.
/θriː mʌnθs ˈnɪrli hæd ðə hoʊst ʌv ðə ˈpɜːrʒənz leɪn ˈʌndər ðə wɔːlz ʌv ðə ˈkæpətəl/
Line 2
They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.
Line 3
But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!
Line 4
What had Belshazzar and his city to fear?
Line 5
The battering ram?
/ðə ˈbætərɪŋ ræm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

battering noun US /ˈbætərɪŋ/

the act of subjecting to strong attack

From this reading “The battering ram?”

battlements noun US /ˈbætəlmənts/

plural of “battlement” — a rampart built around the top of a castle with regular gaps for firing arrows or guns

From this reading “But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!”

blackened adjective US /ˈblækənd/

darkened by smoke

From this reading “They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.”

Euphrates noun US /juːˈfreɪtiz/

a river in southwestern Asia; flows into the Persian Gulf; was important in the development of several great civilizations in ancient Mesopotamia

From this reading “But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!”

Persians noun US /ˈpɜːrʒənz/

plural of “persian” — a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading “Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.”

ravaged adjective US /ˈrævɪdʒd/

having been robbed and destroyed by force and violence

From this reading “They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.”

thriving adjective US /ˈθraɪvɪŋ/

very lively and profitable

From this reading “They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.”

unapproachable adjective US /ˌʌnəˈproʊtʃəbəl/

discouraging intimacies; reserved

From this reading “But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Three months noun + noun counted as “three month”

In this reading “Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.”

country folk noun + noun

In this reading “They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.”

All words in this reading · 54

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

batteringnounUS /ˈbætərɪŋ/

the act of subjecting to strong attack

From this reading The battering ram?

battlementsnounUS /ˈbætəlmənts/

plural of “battlement” — a rampart built around the top of a castle with regular gaps for firing arrows or guns

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

Belshazzarnoun

(Old Testament) Babylonian general and son of Nebuchadnezzar II; according to the Old Testament he was warned of his doom by divine handwriting on the wall that was interpreted by Daniel (6th century BC)

From this reading What had Belshazzar and his city to fear?

besiegers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

blackenedadjectiveUS /ˈblækənd/

darkened by smoke

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

brawled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading What had Belshazzar and his city to fear?

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

defences

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

EuphratesnounUS /juːˈfreɪtiz/

a river in southwestern Asia; flows into the Persian Gulf; was important in the development of several great civilizations in ancient Mesopotamia

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading What had Belshazzar and his city to fear?

folknounUS /foʊk/

people in general (often used in the plural)

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

gatesnounUS /ɡeɪts/

United States computer entrepreneur whose software company made him the youngest multi-billionaire in the history of the United States (born in 1955)

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading What had Belshazzar and his city to fear?

hostnounUS /hoʊst/

a person who invites guests to a social event (such as a party in his or her own home) and who is responsible for them while they are there

From this reading Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.

insideadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on the side closer to the center or within a defined space

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

lainverbUS /leɪn/

inflected form of “lie” — be located or situated somewhere; occupy a certain position

From this reading Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.

loomedverbUS /luːmd/

past form of “loom” — come into view indistinctly, often threateningly

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

massy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

PersiansnounUS /ˈpɜːrʒənz/

plural of “persian” — a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.

ramverbUS /ræm/

strike or drive against with a heavy impact

From this reading The battering ram?

ravagedadjectiveUS /ˈrævɪdʒd/

having been robbed and destroyed by force and violence

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

thousandsnounUS /ˈθaʊzəndz/

plural of “thousand” — the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

ThreenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.

thrivingadjectiveUS /ˈθraɪvɪŋ/

very lively and profitable

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading What had Belshazzar and his city to fear?

unapproachableadjectiveUS /ˌʌnəˈproʊtʃəbəl/

discouraging intimacies; reserved

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.

villagesnounUS /ˈvɪlədʒəz/

plural of “village” — a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading Three months nearly had the host of the Persians lain under the walls of the capital.

wastenounUS /weɪst/

any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading But still the great Euphrates brawled through the massy water gates; still the battlements loomed unapproachable above the besiegers’ heads!

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What had Belshazzar and his city to fear?

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading They had ravaged far and wide, had driven the country folk by thousands inside the defences; the thriving villages were become one blackened waste.

Chapter 23 of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon by William Stearns Davis holds 215 sentences, grouped into 43 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon contain?

Chapter 23 holds 215 sentences of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon, unabridged, divided into 43 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon by William Stearns Davis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 215 sentences, grouped into 43 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon?

Work through the 43 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 43 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon

Common questions about reading Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon by William Stearns Davis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon?

Yes. All 6626 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #66745 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #66745, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon take to read?

About 552 minutes of reading across 1326 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon section by section

How to work through Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 27 chapters of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon

Words and structures a reader meets early in Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Babylon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Month
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Belshazzar: A Tale of the Fall of Babylon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.