Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Beowulf
Beowulf

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Beowulf is here in full — 122 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Beowulf
Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!
Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.
Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.
So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.
For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Beowulf

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Beowulf is here in full — 122 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!
Line 2
Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.
Line 3
Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.
Line 4
So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.
Line 5
For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Beowulf noun US /ˈbeɪəwʊlf/

the legendary hero of an anonymous Old English epic poem composed in the early 8th century; he slays a monster and becomes king but dies fighting a dragon

From this reading “So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.”

doomsday noun US /ˈduːmzdeɪ/

(New Testament) day at the end of time following Armageddon when God will decree the fates of all individual humans according to the good and evil of their earthly lives

From this reading “For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.”

hedged adjective US /hedʒd/

evasively worded in order to avoid an unqualified statement

From this reading “For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.”

hoard verb US /hɔːrd/

save up as for future use

From this reading “For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.”

plagues noun US /pleɪɡz/

plural of “plague” — a serious (sometimes fatal) infection of rodents caused by Yersinia pestis and accidentally transmitted to humans by the bite of a flea that has bitten an infected animal

From this reading “For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.”

racked verb US /rækt/

past form of “rack” — go at a rack

From this reading “For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.”

watcher noun US /ˈwɑːtʃər/

a close observer; someone who looks at something (such as an exhibition of some kind)

From this reading “Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.”

wend verb US /wend/

direct one's course or way

From this reading “So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

40

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

avengedadjectiveUS /əˈvendʒd/

for which vengeance has been taken

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

bnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

barrow's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

BeowulfnounUS /ˈbeɪəwʊlf/

the legendary hero of an anonymous Old English epic poem composed in the early 8th century; he slays a monster and becomes king but dies fighting a dragon

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

cnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

cursenounUS /kɜːrs/

profane or obscene expression usually of surprise or anger

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

doomsdaynounUS /ˈduːmzdeɪ/

(New Testament) day at the end of time following Armageddon when God will decree the fates of all individual humans according to the good and evil of their earthly lives

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

earlnounUS /ɜːrl/

a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

endsnounUS /endz/

plural of “end” — either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

feudnounUS /fjuːd/

a bitter quarrel between two parties

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

hallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

hedgedadjectiveUS /hedʒd/

evasively worded in order to avoid an unqualified statement

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

heinouslyadverb

in a terribly evil manner

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

hell-bonds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

hidverbUS /hɪd/

inflected form of “hide” — prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

hoardverbUS /hɔːrd/

save up as for future use

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

horrorsnounUS /ˈhɔːrərz/

plural of “horror” — intense and profound fear

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

killedverbUS /kɪld/

past form of “kill” — cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

lovingadjectiveUS /ˈlʌvɪŋ/

feeling or showing love and affection

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

mead-hall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

oftadverbUS /ɔːft/

many times at short intervals

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

pathnounUS /pæθ/

a course of conduct

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

PERILOUSadjectiveUS /ˈperələs/

fraught with danger

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

plaguesnounUS /pleɪɡz/

plural of “plague” — a serious (sometimes fatal) infection of rodents caused by Yersinia pestis and accidentally transmitted to humans by the bite of a flea that has bitten an infected animal

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

potentadjectiveUS /ˈpoʊtənt/

having great influence

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

princesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəz/

plural of “prince” — a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

provedadjectiveUS /pruːvd/

established beyond doubt

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

rackedverbUS /rækt/

past form of “rack” — go at a rack

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

robverbUS /rɑːb/

take something away by force or without the consent of the owner

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

sinnounUS /sɪn/

estrangement from god

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

soughtadjectiveUS /sɔːt/

that is looked for

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading For {40c} princes potent, who placed the gold, with a curse to doomsday covered it deep, so that marked with sin the man should be, hedged with horrors, in hell-bonds fast, racked with plagues, who should rob their hoard.

trodverbUS /trɑːd/

inflected form of “tread” — put down or press the foot, place the foot

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

valornounUS /ˈvælər/

the qualities of a hero or heroine; exceptional or heroic courage when facing danger (especially in battle)

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

wardennounUS /ˈwɔːr.dən/

The chief official or governor in charge of a prison institution.

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

watchernounUS /ˈwɑːtʃər/

a close observer; someone who looks at something (such as an exhibition of some kind)

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

wendverbUS /wend/

direct one's course or way

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

woful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its watcher had killed one of a few, {40b} and the feud was avenged in woful fashion.

WondrousadjectiveUS /ˈwʌndrəs/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading Wondrous seems it, what manner a man of might and valor oft ends his life, when the earl no longer in mead-hall may live with loving friends.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading So Beowulf, when that barrow's warden he sought, and the struggle; himself knew not in what wise he should wend from the world at last.

XLnoun

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and four

From this reading XL A PERILOUS path, it proved, he {40a} trod who heinously hid, that hall within, wealth under wall!

Chapter 9 of Beowulf by Francis Barton [Translator] Gummere holds 122 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of Beowulf contain?

Chapter 9 holds 122 sentences of Beowulf, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of Beowulf by Francis Barton [Translator] Gummere exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 122 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of Beowulf?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Beowulf

Common questions about reading Beowulf by Francis Barton [Translator] Gummere on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Beowulf?

Yes. All 1183 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #981 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Beowulf is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #981, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Beowulf take to read?

About 98 minutes of reading across 237 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Beowulf section by section

How to work through Beowulf section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Beowulf to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Beowulf

Words and structures a reader meets early in Beowulf, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Praise
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Beowulf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prowess
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Beowulf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
People-kings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Beowulf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spear-armed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Beowulf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.