Chapter 10 of Beowulf is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
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Chapter X
Chapter 10 of Beowulf is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
{16f} The "enemies" must be the Frisians. {16g} Battlefield. -- Hengest is the "prince's thane," companion of Hnaef. "Folcwald's son" is Finn. {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
Chapter 10 of Beowulf is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
take revenge for a perceived wrong
From this reading “{16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.”
a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought
From this reading “{16g} Battlefield.”
a Scandinavian language that is the official language of Denmark
From this reading “{16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.”
a native or inhabitant of Finland
From this reading “"Folcwald's son" is Finn.”
bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations
From this reading “{16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.”
possessive form of “prince” — a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)
From this reading “-- Hengest is the "prince's thane," companion of Hnaef.”
reestablish on a new, usually improved, basis or make new or like new
From this reading “{16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.”
a feudal lord or baron
From this reading “-- Hengest is the "prince's thane," companion of Hnaef.”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading {16f} The "enemies" must be the Frisians.
(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
take revenge for a perceived wrong
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought
From this reading {16g} Battlefield.
used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses
From this reading {16f} The "enemies" must be the Frisians.
a friend who is frequently in the company of another
From this reading -- Hengest is the "prince's thane," companion of Hnaef.
education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
a Scandinavian language that is the official language of Denmark
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
plural of “enemy” — an opposing military force
From this reading {16f} The "enemies" must be the Frisians.
a degree on the Fahrenheit scale of temperature
From this reading {16f} The "enemies" must be the Frisians.
having dropped by the force of gravity
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
a native or inhabitant of Finland
From this reading "Folcwald's son" is Finn.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading "Folcwald's son" is Finn.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading {16f} The "enemies" must be the Frisians.
a metric unit of weight equal to one thousandth of a kilogram
From this reading {16g} Battlefield.
bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading -- Hengest is the "prince's thane," companion of Hnaef.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading -- Hengest is the "prince's thane," companion of Hnaef.
a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading -- Hengest is the "prince's thane," companion of Hnaef.
location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true
From this reading {16f} The "enemies" must be the Frisians.
not one, and not any
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading -- Hengest is the "prince's thane," companion of Hnaef.
used to join alternatives or possibilities
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
possessive form of “prince” — a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)
From this reading -- Hengest is the "prince's thane," companion of Hnaef.
past form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
an angry dispute
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
reestablish on a new, usually improved, basis or make new or like new
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
a male human offspring
From this reading "Folcwald's son" is Finn.
a feudal lord or baron
From this reading -- Hengest is the "prince's thane," companion of Hnaef.
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading {16f} The "enemies" must be the Frisians.
belonging to the people or things already mentioned
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
the people or things already mentioned, as the object
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
tested and proved useful or correct
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
plural of “warrior” — someone engaged in or experienced in warfare
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
which person or people
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past
From this reading {16h} That is, Finn would govern in all honor the few Danish warriors who were left, provided, of course, that none of them tried to renew the quarrel or avenge Hnaef their fallen lord.
Chapter 10 of Beowulf by Francis Barton [Translator] Gummere holds 116 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 10 holds 116 sentences of Beowulf, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 10 of Beowulf by Francis Barton [Translator] Gummere exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 116 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
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About 98 minutes of reading across 237 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
How to work through Beowulf section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.
Choose one of the 10 chapters of Beowulf to begin.
Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.
Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in Beowulf, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
