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Berlin and Sans-Souci
Berlin and Sans-Souci

Chapter XXXIII · Chapter 33

Chapter 33 of Berlin and Sans-Souci is here in full — 654 sentences across 131 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/130 · 5 lines
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VOLTAIRE AND HIS ROYAL FRIEND.
The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.
The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.
Frederick regarded this first meeting with Voltaire, after long years of separation, with more of anxiety than of joyful impatience.
Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Berlin and Sans-Souci

Chapter XXXIII · Chapter 33

Chapter 33 of Berlin and Sans-Souci is here in full — 654 sentences across 131 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/130 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
VOLTAIRE AND HIS ROYAL FRIEND.
/voʊlˈter ənd hɪz ˈrɔɪəl frend/
Line 2
The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.
/ðə kɪŋ hæd wɪθˈdrɔːn tuː hɪz ˈlaɪbreriː ˈɜːrliər ðæn ˈjuːʒəwəl hiː hæd əˈtendɪd ə ˈkæbənət ˈkaʊnsəl wɜːrkt fɔːr æn ˈaʊər wɪð hɪz ˈmɪnəstər ʌv steɪt ənd ˈæftər fʊlˈfɪlɪŋ ðiːz ˈpʌblɪk ˈduːtiz wɪθˈdrɔːn ˈɡlædli tuː hɪz bʊks ˈhoʊpɪŋ tuː kənˈsuːm ðə taɪm wɪtʃ krept əˈlɔːŋ wɪð ˈledən fiːt/
Line 3
The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.
Line 4
Frederick regarded this first meeting with Voltaire, after long years of separation, with more of anxiety than of joyful impatience.
/ˈfredrɪk rɪˈɡɑːrdɪd ðɪs fɜːrst ˈmiːtɪŋ wɪð voʊlˈter ˈæftər lɔːŋ jɪrz ʌv ˌsepərˈeɪʃən wɪð mɔːr ʌv æŋˈzaɪəti ðæn ʌv ˈdʒɔɪfəl ˌɪmˈpeɪʃəns/
Line 5
Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

consume verb US /kənˈsuːm/

eat up completely, as with great appetite

From this reading “The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.”

Frederick's noun US /ˈfredrɪks/

possessive form of “frederick” — a town in northern Maryland to the west of Baltimore

From this reading “Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.”

fulfilling verb US /fʊlˈfɪlɪŋ/

inflected form of “fulfil” — put in effect

From this reading “The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.”

leaden adjective US /ˈledən/

darkened with overcast

From this reading “The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.”

Potsdam noun US /ˈpɑːtsdæm/

a city in northeastern Germany; site of the Potsdam Conference in the summer of 1945

From this reading “The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.”

refresh verb US /rɪˈfreʃ/

refresh one's memory

From this reading “The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.”

voltaire noun US /voʊlˈter/

French writer who was the embodiment of 18th century Enlightenment (1694-1778)

From this reading “VOLTAIRE AND HIS ROYAL FRIEND.”

withdrawn adjective US /wɪθˈdrɔːn/

withdrawn from society; seeking solitude

From this reading “The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading VOLTAIRE AND HIS ROYAL FRIEND.

anxietynounUS /æŋˈzaɪəti/

(psychiatry) a relatively permanent state of worry and nervousness occurring in a variety of mental disorders, usually accompanied by compulsive behavior or attacks of panic

From this reading Frederick regarded this first meeting with Voltaire, after long years of separation, with more of anxiety than of joyful impatience.

arrivalnounUS /ərˈaɪvəl/

accomplishment of an objective

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

cabinetnounUS /ˈkæbənət/

a piece of furniture resembling a cupboard with doors and shelves and drawers; for storage or display

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

consumeverbUS /kənˈsuːm/

eat up completely, as with great appetite

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

councilnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəl/

a body serving in an administrative capacity

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

creptverbUS /krept/

inflected form of “creep” — move slowly; in the case of people or animals with the body near the ground

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

dutiesnounUS /ˈduːtiz/

plural of “duty” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

earlieradverbUS /ˈɜːrliər/

earlier in time; previously

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

expectedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspektəd/

considered likely or probable to happen or arrive

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Frederick regarded this first meeting with Voltaire, after long years of separation, with more of anxiety than of joyful impatience.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

FredericknounUS /ˈfredrɪk/

a town in northern Maryland to the west of Baltimore

From this reading Frederick regarded this first meeting with Voltaire, after long years of separation, with more of anxiety than of joyful impatience.

Frederick'snounUS /ˈfredrɪks/

possessive form of “frederick” — a town in northern Maryland to the west of Baltimore

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

FRIENDnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading VOLTAIRE AND HIS ROYAL FRIEND.

fulfillingverbUS /fʊlˈfɪlɪŋ/

inflected form of “fulfil” — put in effect

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

fulfilmentnoun

a feeling of satisfaction at having achieved your desires

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

gladlyadverbUS /ˈɡlædli/

in a willing manner

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading VOLTAIRE AND HIS ROYAL FRIEND.

hopingverbUS /ˈhoʊpɪŋ/

-ing form of “hope” — expect and wish

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

impatiencenounUS /ˌɪmˈpeɪʃəns/

a lack of patience; irritation with anything that causes delay

From this reading Frederick regarded this first meeting with Voltaire, after long years of separation, with more of anxiety than of joyful impatience.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

joyfuladjectiveUS /ˈdʒɔɪfəl/

full of or producing joy

From this reading Frederick regarded this first meeting with Voltaire, after long years of separation, with more of anxiety than of joyful impatience.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

leadenadjectiveUS /ˈledən/

darkened with overcast

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

librarynounUS /ˈlaɪbreriː/

a room where books are kept

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Frederick regarded this first meeting with Voltaire, after long years of separation, with more of anxiety than of joyful impatience.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

meetingnounUS /ˈmiːtɪŋ/

a formally arranged gathering

From this reading Frederick regarded this first meeting with Voltaire, after long years of separation, with more of anxiety than of joyful impatience.

ministernounUS /ˈmɪnəstər/

a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Frederick regarded this first meeting with Voltaire, after long years of separation, with more of anxiety than of joyful impatience.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

PotsdamnounUS /ˈpɑːtsdæm/

a city in northeastern Germany; site of the Potsdam Conference in the summer of 1945

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

proceedverbUS /prəˈsiːd/

continue talking

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

refreshverbUS /rɪˈfreʃ/

refresh one's memory

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

regardedverbUS /rɪˈɡɑːrdɪd/

past form of “regard” — deem to be

From this reading Frederick regarded this first meeting with Voltaire, after long years of separation, with more of anxiety than of joyful impatience.

residencenounUS /ˈrezɪdəns/

any address at which you dwell more than temporarily

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

ROYALadjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading VOLTAIRE AND HIS ROYAL FRIEND.

Sans-Souci

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

separationnounUS /ˌsepərˈeɪʃən/

the state of lacking unity

From this reading Frederick regarded this first meeting with Voltaire, after long years of separation, with more of anxiety than of joyful impatience.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Frederick regarded this first meeting with Voltaire, after long years of separation, with more of anxiety than of joyful impatience.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

trembledverbUS /ˈtrembəld/

past form of “tremble” — move or jerk quickly and involuntarily up and down or sideways

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

VOLTAIREnounUS /voʊlˈter/

French writer who was the embodiment of 18th century Enlightenment (1694-1778)

From this reading VOLTAIRE AND HIS ROYAL FRIEND.

Voltaire's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

warmadjectiveUS /wɔːrm/

having or producing a comfortable and agreeable degree of heat or imparting or maintaining heat

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

withdrawnadjectiveUS /wɪθˈdrɔːn/

withdrawn from society; seeking solitude

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The king had withdrawn to his library earlier than usual; he had attended a cabinet council, worked for an hour with his minister of state, and, after fulfilling these public duties, withdrawn gladly to his books, hoping to consume the time which crept along with leaden feet.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The king expected Voltaire; he knew he had arrived at Potsdam, where he would rest and refresh himself for a few hours, and then proceed at once to Sans-Souci.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Frederick regarded this first meeting with Voltaire, after long years of separation, with more of anxiety than of joyful impatience.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Voltaire's arrival and residence at Sans-Souci had been the warm desire of Frederick's heart for many years, and yet, as the time for its fulfilment drew near, the king almost trembled.

Chapter 33 of Berlin and Sans-Souci by L. (Luise) Mühlbach holds 654 sentences, grouped into 131 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 33 of Berlin and Sans-Souci contain?

Chapter 33 holds 654 sentences of Berlin and Sans-Souci, unabridged, divided into 131 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 33 of Berlin and Sans-Souci by L. (Luise) Mühlbach exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 654 sentences, grouped into 131 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 33 of Berlin and Sans-Souci?

Work through the 131 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 131 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 33 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 33 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Berlin and Sans-Souci

Common questions about reading Berlin and Sans-Souci by L. (Luise) Mühlbach on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Berlin and Sans-Souci?

Yes. All 9728 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4205 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Berlin and Sans-Souci is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4205, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Berlin and Sans-Souci take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1946 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Berlin and Sans-Souci

Words and structures a reader meets early in Berlin and Sans-Souci, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Courtier
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Berlin and Sans-Souci; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Figure
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Berlin and Sans-Souci; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Approaching
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Berlin and Sans-Souci; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Steps
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Berlin and Sans-Souci; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.