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Bessie Costrell
Bessie Costrell

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Bessie Costrell is here in full — 540 sentences across 108 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Bessie Costrell
Context Illustration Reading 1/108 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"ROBERT ELSMERE," "THE HISTORY OF DAVID GRIEVE," "MARCELLA," ETC.
It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.
Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.
The last radiant light was on the wheat-fields under the hill, and on the long chalk hill itself.
Against that glowing background lay the village, already engulfed by the advancing shadow.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Bessie Costrell

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Bessie Costrell is here in full — 540 sentences across 108 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/108 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"ROBERT ELSMERE," "THE HISTORY OF DAVID GRIEVE," "MARCELLA," ETC.
Line 2
It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.
/ɪt wɑːz æn ˈɑːɡəst ˈiːvnɪŋ stɪl ənd ˈklaʊdi ˈæftər ə deɪ əˈnjuːʒuːəli ˈtʃɪli fɔːr ðə taɪm ʌv jɪr/
Line 3
Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.
Line 4
The last radiant light was on the wheat-fields under the hill, and on the long chalk hill itself.
Line 5
Against that glowing background lay the village, already engulfed by the advancing shadow.
/əˈɡenst ðæt ˈɡloʊɪŋ ˈbækɡraʊnd leɪ ðə ˈvɪlədʒ ɔːlˈredi ɪnˈɡʌlft baɪ ðə ədˈvænsɪŋ ˈʃæd.oʊ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chalk noun US /tʃɔːk/

A soft white limestone used for marking doors, stone walls, and slate.

From this reading “The last radiant light was on the wheat-fields under the hill, and on the long chalk hill itself.”

chilly adjective US /ˈtʃɪli/

not characterized by emotion

From this reading “It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.”

cloudy adjective US /ˈklaʊdi/

lacking definite form or limits

From this reading “It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.”

departing verb US /dɪˈpɑːrtɪŋ/

-ing form of “depart” — move away from a place into another direction

From this reading “Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.”

engulfed verb US /ɪnˈɡʌlft/

past form of “engulf” — devote (oneself) fully to

From this reading “Against that glowing background lay the village, already engulfed by the advancing shadow.”

golds noun US /ɡoʊldz/

plural of “gold” — coins made of gold

From this reading “Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.”

temperature noun US /ˈtemprətʃər/

the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)

From this reading “Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.”

warmer noun US /ˈwɔːrmər/

device that heats water or supplies warmth to a room

From this reading “Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

advancingadjectiveUS /ədˈvænsɪŋ/

moving forward

From this reading Against that glowing background lay the village, already engulfed by the advancing shadow.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

AgainstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Against that glowing background lay the village, already engulfed by the advancing shadow.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading Against that glowing background lay the village, already engulfed by the advancing shadow.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

AugustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

backgroundnounUS /ˈbækɡraʊnd/

a person's social heritage: previous experience or training

From this reading Against that glowing background lay the village, already engulfed by the advancing shadow.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

breakingnounUS /ˈbreɪkɪŋ/

the act of breaking something

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Against that glowing background lay the village, already engulfed by the advancing shadow.

chalknounUS /tʃɔːk/

A soft white limestone used for marking doors, stone walls, and slate.

From this reading The last radiant light was on the wheat-fields under the hill, and on the long chalk hill itself.

chillyadjectiveUS /ˈtʃɪli/

not characterized by emotion

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

cloudsnounUS /klaʊdz/

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

cloudyadjectiveUS /ˈklaʊdi/

lacking definite form or limits

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

DAVIDnounUS /ˈdeɪvɪd/

patron saint of Wales (circa 520-600)

From this reading "ROBERT ELSMERE," "THE HISTORY OF DAVID GRIEVE," "MARCELLA," ETC.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

delicateadjectiveUS /ˈdeləkət/

exquisitely fine and subtle and pleasing; susceptible to injury

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

departingverbUS /dɪˈpɑːrtɪŋ/

-ing form of “depart” — move away from a place into another direction

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

ELSMERE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "ROBERT ELSMERE," "THE HISTORY OF DAVID GRIEVE," "MARCELLA," ETC.

engulfedverbUS /ɪnˈɡʌlft/

past form of “engulf” — devote (oneself) fully to

From this reading Against that glowing background lay the village, already engulfed by the advancing shadow.

ETC

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "ROBERT ELSMERE," "THE HISTORY OF DAVID GRIEVE," "MARCELLA," ETC.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

forcingverbUS /ˈfɔːrsɪŋ/

-ing form of “force” — to cause to do through pressure or necessity, by physical, moral or intellectual means

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

glowingadjectiveUS /ˈɡloʊɪŋ/

highly enthusiastic

From this reading Against that glowing background lay the village, already engulfed by the advancing shadow.

goldsnounUS /ɡoʊldz/

plural of “gold” — coins made of gold

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

greys

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

GRIEVEverbUS /ɡriːv/

feel grief

From this reading "ROBERT ELSMERE," "THE HISTORY OF DAVID GRIEVE," "MARCELLA," ETC.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading The last radiant light was on the wheat-fields under the hill, and on the long chalk hill itself.

HISTORYnounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading "ROBERT ELSMERE," "THE HISTORY OF DAVID GRIEVE," "MARCELLA," ETC.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading The last radiant light was on the wheat-fields under the hill, and on the long chalk hill itself.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading The last radiant light was on the wheat-fields under the hill, and on the long chalk hill itself.

lattice-work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Against that glowing background lay the village, already engulfed by the advancing shadow.

levelnounUS /ˈlevəl/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading The last radiant light was on the wheat-fields under the hill, and on the long chalk hill itself.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The last radiant light was on the wheat-fields under the hill, and on the long chalk hill itself.

MARCELLA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "ROBERT ELSMERE," "THE HISTORY OF DAVID GRIEVE," "MARCELLA," ETC.

massesnounUS /ˈmæsəz/

the common people generally

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "ROBERT ELSMERE," "THE HISTORY OF DAVID GRIEVE," "MARCELLA," ETC.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The last radiant light was on the wheat-fields under the hill, and on the long chalk hill itself.

radiantadjectiveUS /ˈreɪdiːənt/

radiating or as if radiating light

From this reading The last radiant light was on the wheat-fields under the hill, and on the long chalk hill itself.

ROBERTnounUS /ˈrɑːbərt/

United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)

From this reading "ROBERT ELSMERE," "THE HISTORY OF DAVID GRIEVE," "MARCELLA," ETC.

shadownounUS /ˈʃæd.oʊ/

A dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface.

From this reading Against that glowing background lay the village, already engulfed by the advancing shadow.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

sunsetnounUS /ˈsʌnset/

the time in the evening at which the sun begins to fall below the horizon

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

temperaturenounUS /ˈtemprətʃər/

the degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Against that glowing background lay the village, already engulfed by the advancing shadow.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "ROBERT ELSMERE," "THE HISTORY OF DAVID GRIEVE," "MARCELLA," ETC.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The last radiant light was on the wheat-fields under the hill, and on the long chalk hill itself.

unusuallyadverbUS /əˈnjuːʒuːəli/

to a remarkable degree or extent

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading Against that glowing background lay the village, already engulfed by the advancing shadow.

warmernounUS /ˈwɔːrmər/

device that heats water or supplies warmth to a room

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Now, about sunset, the temperature was warmer than it had been in the morning, and the departing sun was forcing its way through the clouds, breaking up their level masses into delicate lattice-work of golds and greys.

wheat-fields

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The last radiant light was on the wheat-fields under the hill, and on the long chalk hill itself.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading It was an August evening, still and cloudy after a day unusually chilly for the time of year.

Chapter 1 of Bessie Costrell by Humphry, Mrs. Ward holds 540 sentences, grouped into 108 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Bessie Costrell contain?

Chapter 1 holds 540 sentences of Bessie Costrell, unabridged, divided into 108 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Bessie Costrell by Humphry, Mrs. Ward exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 540 sentences, grouped into 108 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Bessie Costrell?

Work through the 108 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 108 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Bessie Costrell

Common questions about reading Bessie Costrell by Humphry, Mrs. Ward on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Bessie Costrell?

Yes. All 1590 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #22128 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Bessie Costrell is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #22128, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Bessie Costrell take to read?

About 132 minutes of reading across 318 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Bessie Costrell section by section

How to work through Bessie Costrell section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 3 chapters of Bessie Costrell to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Bessie Costrell

Words and structures a reader meets early in Bessie Costrell, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Robert
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bessie Costrell; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Elsmere
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bessie Costrell; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bessie Costrell; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
David
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bessie Costrell; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.