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Betty Alden
Betty Alden

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Betty Alden is here in full — 67 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
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THE UNEXPECTED.
It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--
“I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”
The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.
At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Betty Alden

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Betty Alden is here in full — 67 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE UNEXPECTED.
/ðə ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/
Line 2
It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--
Line 3
“I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”
Line 4
The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.
/ðə ˈɡʌvərnər sæt ɪn hɪz tʃer ʌv ˈɔːfɪs ənd ðə əˈsɪstənts wɜːr reɪndʒd iːtʃ mæn ɪn hɪz pleɪs/
Line 5
At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Assistants noun US /əˈsɪstənts/

plural of “assistant” — a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading “The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.”

Bradford's noun US /ˈbrædfərdz/

possessive form of “bradford” — United States printer (born in England) whose press produced the first American prayer book and the New York City's first newspaper (1663-1752)

epigrammatic adjective US /ˌepəɡrəˈmætɪk/

terse and witty and like a maxim

From this reading “It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--”

Hopkins noun US /ˈhɑːpkɪnz/

United States educator and theologian (1802-1887)

From this reading “At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.”

phrased verb US /freɪzd/

past form of “phrase” — put into words or an expression

From this reading “It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--”

pike noun US /paɪk/

a broad highway designed for high-speed traffic

From this reading “At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.”

Plymouth noun US /ˈplɪməθ/

a town in Massachusetts founded by Pilgrims in 1620

From this reading ““I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.””

ranged verb US /reɪndʒd/

past form of “range” — change or be different within limits

From this reading “The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

pressing business noun + noun

In this reading ““I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.””

At the end preposition + article + noun counted as “at … end”

In this reading “At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.”

excuse for verb + particle

In this reading ““I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.””

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1625

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

1895

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

Allerton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

AssistantsnounUS /əˈsɪstənts/

plural of “assistant” — a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

Bartholomew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

Bradford'snounUS /ˈbrædfərdz/

possessive form of “bradford” — United States printer (born in England) whose press produced the first American prayer book and the New York City's first newspaper (1663-1752)

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

carryingverbUS /ˈkæriɪŋ/

-ing form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

chairnounUS /tʃer/

a seat for one person, with a support for the back

From this reading The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

commonplaceadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmənpleɪs/

completely ordinary and unremarkable

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

epigrammaticadjectiveUS /ˌepəɡrəˈmætɪk/

terse and witty and like a maxim

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

excuseverbUS /ɪksˈkjuːs/

accept an excuse for

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

governornounUS /ˈɡʌvərnər/

the head of a state government

From this reading The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.

Gyles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

hearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.

hitheradverbUS /ˈhɪðər/

an old word meaning “to this place”

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

HopkinsnounUS /ˈhɑːpkɪnz/

United States educator and theologian (1802-1887)

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.

MasternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

occurverbUS /əˈkɜːr/

come to pass

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.

Oldhame

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

opposedadjectiveUS /əˈpoʊzd/

being in opposition or having an opponent

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

phrasedverbUS /freɪzd/

past form of “phrase” — put into words or an expression

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

pikenounUS /paɪk/

a broad highway designed for high-speed traffic

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.

platformnounUS /ˈplætfɔːrm/

a raised horizontal surface

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

PlymouthnounUS /ˈplɪməθ/

a town in Massachusetts founded by Pilgrims in 1620

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

pressingnounUS /ˈpresɪŋ/

the act of pressing; the exertion of pressure

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

rangedverbUS /reɪndʒd/

past form of “range” — change or be different within limits

From this reading The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

remarkedverbUS /rɪˈmɑːrkt/

past form of “remark” — make mention of

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.

sith

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

soberadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊbər/

not affected by a chemical substance (especially alcohol)

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

spokenadjectiveUS /ˈspoʊkən/

uttered through the medium of speech or characterized by speech; sometimes used in combination

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE UNEXPECTED.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

UNEXPECTEDadjectiveUS /ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/

not expected or anticipated

From this reading THE UNEXPECTED.

urgeverbUS /ɜːrdʒ/

force or impel in an indicated direction

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading At the end of the platform stood John Oldhame, and behind him Bartholomew Allerton and Gyles Hopkins, each carrying a pike, and looking very important.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The governor sat in his chair of office, and the Assistants were ranged each man in his place.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading It was just as true in 1625 as it will be in 1895 that nothing is certain to occur except the unexpected; but the idea had not yet been phrased, and even if it had been, William Bradford’s turn of mind was absolutely opposed to the epigrammatic, so it was in sober commonplace that he remarked,--

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “I never thought to have spoken with you again in Plymouth, Master Oldhame, but sith you urge pressing business as your excuse for coming hither, I am ready to hear it.”

Chapter 10 of Betty Alden by Jane G. (Jane Goodwin) Austin holds 67 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Betty Alden contain?

Chapter 10 holds 67 sentences of Betty Alden, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Betty Alden by Jane G. (Jane Goodwin) Austin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 67 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Betty Alden?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Betty Alden

Common questions about reading Betty Alden by Jane G. (Jane Goodwin) Austin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Betty Alden?

Yes. All 3812 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #67608 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Betty Alden is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #67608, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Betty Alden take to read?

About 317 minutes of reading across 763 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Betty Alden section by section

How to work through Betty Alden section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of Betty Alden to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Betty Alden

Words and structures a reader meets early in Betty Alden, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Standish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Betty Alden; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Novel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Betty Alden; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Betty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Betty Alden; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Alden
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Betty Alden; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.