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Betty's Virginia Christmas
Betty's Virginia Christmas

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Betty's Virginia Christmas is here in full — 57 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Betty's Virginia Christmas
Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.
A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.
Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.
The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.
Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Betty's Virginia Christmas

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Betty's Virginia Christmas is here in full — 57 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.
Line 2
A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.
Line 3
Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.
/əˈfɑːr ɔːf leɪ ðə ˈrɪvər ðæt led tuː ðə ɡreɪt beɪ boʊθ ˈrɪvər ənd beɪ ˈfroʊzən hɑːrd ənd fæst æz stiːl/
Line 4
The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.
/ðə ˈkrɪstəl er wɑːz ʃɑːrp ənd stɪl ənd ɪn ðə ˈoʊpəliːn skaɪ ə ˈlɪtəl ˈkresənt muːn smaɪld æt ðə ˈspɑːrklɪŋ stɑːrz/
Line 5
Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

catches noun US /ˈkætʃəz/

plural of “catch” — a drawback or difficulty that is not readily evident

From this reading “Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.”

crescent noun US /ˈkresənt/

any shape resembling the curved shape of the moon in its first or last quarters

From this reading “The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.”

declining verb US /dɪˈklaɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “decline” — grow worse

From this reading “A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.”

Decorations noun US /ˌdekərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “decoration” — something used to beautify

From this reading “See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.”

echoing adjective US /ˈekoʊɪŋ/

(of sounds) repeating by reflection

From this reading “Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.”

helpers noun US /ˈhelpərz/

plural of “helper” — a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading “Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.”

opaline adjective US /ˈoʊpəliːn/

having a play of lustrous rainbow colors

From this reading “The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.”

snorting noun US /ˈsnɔːrtɪŋ/

an act of forcible exhalation

From this reading “Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

crescent moon noun + noun

In this reading “The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.”

river bank noun + noun

In this reading “Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.”

declining sun verb + noun counted as “decline sun”

In this reading “A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.”

cold air adjective + noun

In this reading “Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.”

smiled at verb + particle counted as “smile at”

In this reading “The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.”

on the river preposition + article + noun counted as “on … river”

In this reading “Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

AfaradverbUS /əˈfɑːr/

(old-fashioned) at or from or to a great distance; far

From this reading Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.

AlongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

banknounUS /bæŋk/

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

baynounUS /beɪ/

an indentation of a shoreline larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

From this reading Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.

bricknounUS /brɪk/

rectangular block of clay baked by the sun or in a kiln; used as a building or paving material

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

castverbUS /kæst/

put or send forth

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

catchesnounUS /ˈkætʃəz/

plural of “catch” — a drawback or difficulty that is not readily evident

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

ChristmasnounUS /ˈkrɪsməs/

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

ColornounUS /ˈkʌlər/

a visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

CompanynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

crescentnounUS /ˈkresənt/

any shape resembling the curved shape of the moon in its first or last quarters

From this reading The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.

crustnounUS /krʌst/

the outer layer of the Earth

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

crystalnounUS /ˈkrɪstəl/

a solid formed by the solidification of a chemical and having a highly regular atomic structure

From this reading The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.

decliningverbUS /dɪˈklaɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “decline” — grow worse

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

DecorationsnounUS /ˌdekərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “decoration” — something used to beautify

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

delightverbUS /dɪˈlaɪt/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

drivernounUS /ˈdraɪvər/

the operator of a motor vehicle

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

echoingadjectiveUS /ˈekoʊɪŋ/

(of sounds) repeating by reflection

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

EdwardnounUS /ˈedwərd/

King of England and Ireland in 1936; his marriage to Wallis Warfield Simpson created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication (1894-1972)

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

EvenounUS /iːv/

(Old Testament) Adam's wife in Judeo-Christian mythology: the first woman and mother of the human race; God created Eve from Adam's rib and placed Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

farm-horses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.

four-horse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

frozenadjectiveUS /ˈfroʊzən/

turned into ice; affected by freezing or by long and severe cold

From this reading Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.

heightsnounUS /haɪts/

a high place

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

helpersnounUS /ˈhelpərz/

plural of “helper” — a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

Holloway

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

https

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

IllustrationsnounUS /ˌɪləˈstreɪʃənz/

plural of “illustration” — artwork that helps make something clear or attractive

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

JnounUS /dʒeɪ/

a unit of electrical energy equal to the work done when a current of one ampere passes through a resistance of one ohm for one second

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

landscapenounUS /ˈlændskeɪp/

an expanse of scenery that can be seen in a single view

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

lanenounUS /leɪn/

a narrow way or road

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

laughingadjectiveUS /ˈlæfɪŋ/

showing or feeling mirth or pleasure or happiness

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.

levelnounUS /ˈlevəl/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

Lippincott

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

lovelyadjectiveUS /ˈlʌvli/

appealing to the emotions as well as the eye

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

mansionnounUS /ˈmænʃən/

(astrology) one of 12 equal areas into which the zodiac is divided

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

merrilyadverbUS /ˈmerəli/

in a joyous manner

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

moonnounUS /muːn/

the natural satellite of the Earth

From this reading The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.

negronounUS /ˈniːɡroʊ/

a person with African ancestry, "Negro" and "Negroid" are archaic and pejorative today

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

opalineadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpəliːn/

having a play of lustrous rainbow colors

From this reading The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

PhiladelphianounUS /ˌfɪləˈdelfiə/

the largest city in Pennsylvania; located in the southeastern part of the state on the Delaware river; site of Independence Hall where the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution were signed; site of the University of Pennsylvania

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.

rose-redadjective

of a deep slightly bluish red color

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

Rosehill

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

seatedadjectiveUS /ˈsiːtɪd/

(of persons) having the torso erect and legs bent with the body supported on the buttocks

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

SeeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

sharpadjectiveUS /ʃɑːrp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.

silvernounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

singingnounUS /ˈsɪŋɪŋ/

the act of singing vocal music

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.

smiledverbUS /smaɪld/

past form of “smile” — change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.

snortingnounUS /ˈsnɔːrtɪŋ/

an act of forcible exhalation

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

Soulen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

spaciousadjectiveUS /ˈspeɪʃəs/

very large in expanse or scope

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

sparklingadjectiveUS /ˈspɑːrklɪŋ/

shining with brilliant points of light like stars

From this reading The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.

starsnounUS /stɑːrz/

plural of “star” — (astronomy) a celestial body of hot gases that radiates energy derived from thermonuclear reactions in the interior

From this reading The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.

steelnounUS /stiːl/

an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range

From this reading Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The crystal air was sharp and still, and in the opaline sky a little crescent moon smiled at the sparkling stars.

stoutadjectiveUS /staʊt/

dependable

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

Stratton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

teamnounUS /tiːm/

a cooperative unit (especially in sports)

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

thinadjectiveUS /θɪn/

Having little thickness or extent.

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Afar off lay the river that led to the great bay, both river and bay frozen hard and fast as steel.

trottedverbUS /ˈtrɑːtɪd/

inflected form of “trot” — run at a moderately swift pace

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

VirginianounUS /vərˈdʒɪnjə/

a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

voicesnounUS /ˈvɔɪsəz/

plural of “voice” — the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading See https:// With Illustrations in Color by Henry J. Soulen And Decorations by Edward Stratton Holloway Philadelphia & London J. B. Lippincott Company It was as cold as Christmas, and Christmas Eve it was.

woodedadjectiveUS /ˈwʊdɪd/

covered with growing trees and bushes etc

From this reading Along the broad lane that led from the wooded heights to the spacious brick mansion of Rosehill, seated on the river bank, a great four-horse team trotted merrily, the stout farm-horses snorting with delight, and the negro driver and his helpers laughing, and singing Christmas catches, their voices echoing in the clear, cold air.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading A thin crust of snow lay over the level landscape of lower Virginia, and the declining sun cast a lovely rose-red light upon the silver world.

Chapter 1 of Betty's Virginia Christmas by Molly Elliot Seawell holds 57 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Betty's Virginia Christmas contain?

Chapter 1 holds 57 sentences of Betty's Virginia Christmas, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Betty's Virginia Christmas by Molly Elliot Seawell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 57 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Betty's Virginia Christmas?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Betty's Virginia Christmas

Common questions about reading Betty's Virginia Christmas by Molly Elliot Seawell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Betty's Virginia Christmas?

Yes. All 1769 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59594 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Betty's Virginia Christmas is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59594, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Betty's Virginia Christmas take to read?

About 147 minutes of reading across 354 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Betty's Virginia Christmas section by section

How to work through Betty's Virginia Christmas section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 23 chapters of Betty's Virginia Christmas to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Betty's Virginia Christmas

Words and structures a reader meets early in Betty's Virginia Christmas, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Betty's Virginia Christmas; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Illustrations
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Betty's Virginia Christmas; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Color
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Betty's Virginia Christmas; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Henry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Betty's Virginia Christmas; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.