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Billy Budd
Billy Budd

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Billy Budd is here in full — 437 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Billy Budd
Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.
You have hammer and wrench; put it together again, and try it once more.
While there is life there is hope.’
‘While there is life hereafter there is _despair_,’ he howled.
‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Billy Budd

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Billy Budd is here in full — 437 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.
/ɪt ɪz nɑːt jet ˈhoʊli ˈruːənd dɪr ˈʌŋkəl kʌm pʊt ɪt təˈɡeðər naʊ/
Line 2
You have hammer and wrench; put it together again, and try it once more.
/juː hæv ˈhæmər ənd rentʃ pʊt ɪt təˈɡeðər əˈɡen ənd traɪ ɪt wʌns mɔːr/
Line 3
While there is life there is hope.’
/waɪl ðer ɪz laɪf ðer ɪz hoʊp/
Line 4
‘While there is life hereafter there is _despair_,’ he howled.
/waɪl ðer ɪz laɪf hɪˈræftər ðer ɪz dɪˈsper hiː haʊld/
Line 5
‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

hammer noun US /ˈhæmər/

the part of a gunlock that strikes the percussion cap when the trigger is pulled

From this reading “You have hammer and wrench; put it together again, and try it once more.”

hereafter adverb US /hɪˈræftər/

in a subsequent part of this document or statement or matter etc.

From this reading “‘While there is life hereafter there is _despair_,’ he howled.”

howled verb US /haʊld/

past form of “howl” — emit long loud cries

From this reading “‘While there is life hereafter there is _despair_,’ he howled.”

ruined adjective US /ˈruːənd/

destroyed physically or morally

From this reading “‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.”

section noun US /ˈsekʃən/

a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical)

tools noun US /tuːlz/

plural of “tool” — an implement used in the practice of a vocation

From this reading “‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.”

wholly adverb US /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading “‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.”

wrench verb US /rentʃ/

twist or pull violently or suddenly, especially so as to remove (something) from that to which it is attached or from where it originates

From this reading “You have hammer and wrench; put it together again, and try it once more.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

once more adverb + adjective

anew

In this reading “You have hammer and wrench; put it together again, and try it once more.”

dear uncle adjective + noun

In this reading “‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.”

All words in this reading · 48

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading You have hammer and wrench; put it together again, and try it once more.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading You have hammer and wrench; put it together again, and try it once more.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

can't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading ‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading ‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.

despairnounUS /dɪˈsper/

a state in which all hope is lost or absent

From this reading ‘While there is life hereafter there is _despair_,’ he howled.

Doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

hammernounUS /ˈhæmər/

the part of a gunlock that strikes the percussion cap when the trigger is pulled

From this reading You have hammer and wrench; put it together again, and try it once more.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading You have hammer and wrench; put it together again, and try it once more.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading ‘While there is life hereafter there is _despair_,’ he howled.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

hereafteradverbUS /hɪˈræftər/

in a subsequent part of this document or statement or matter etc.

From this reading ‘While there is life hereafter there is _despair_,’ he howled.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading While there is life there is hope.’

howledverbUS /haʊld/

past form of “howl” — emit long loud cries

From this reading ‘While there is life hereafter there is _despair_,’ he howled.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading ‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading ‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading While there is life there is hope.’

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading You have hammer and wrench; put it together again, and try it once more.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading ‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading ‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading You have hammer and wrench; put it together again, and try it once more.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

piecesnounUS /ˈpiːsəz/

plural of “piece” — a separate part of a whole

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading ‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.

ruinedadjectiveUS /ˈruːənd/

destroyed physically or morally

From this reading ‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.

sectionnounUS /ˈsekʃən/

a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical)

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading While there is life there is hope.’

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading ‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.

toolsnounUS /tuːlz/

plural of “tool” — an implement used in the practice of a vocation

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading You have hammer and wrench; put it together again, and try it once more.

unclenounUS /ˈʌŋkəl/

the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading ‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading While there is life there is hope.’

whollyadverbUS /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading ‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading ‘Do, do now, dear uncle--here, here, put these pieces together; or, if that can’t be done without more tools, try a _section_ of it--that will do just as well.

wrenchverbUS /rentʃ/

twist or pull violently or suddenly, especially so as to remove (something) from that to which it is attached or from where it originates

From this reading You have hammer and wrench; put it together again, and try it once more.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading ‘It is not yet wholly ruined, dear uncle; come put it together now.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You have hammer and wrench; put it together again, and try it once more.

Chapter 8 of Billy Budd by Herman Melville holds 437 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Billy Budd contain?

Chapter 8 holds 437 sentences of Billy Budd, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Billy Budd by Herman Melville exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 437 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Billy Budd?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Billy Budd

Common questions about reading Billy Budd by Herman Melville on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Billy Budd?

Yes. All 5450 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #76513 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Billy Budd is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #76513, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Billy Budd take to read?

About 454 minutes of reading across 1090 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Billy Budd section by section

How to work through Billy Budd section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of Billy Budd to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Billy Budd

Words and structures a reader meets early in Billy Budd, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edition
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Billy Budd; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Limited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Billy Budd; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Copies
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Billy Budd; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Billy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Billy Budd; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.