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Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys
Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys
Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.
The seventh of August!
How near it was to the first of September!
The firm of Topsail, Armstrong, Grimm & Company, with the skipper and cook, shivered to think of it.
Ten more trading days!
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.
Line 2
The seventh of August!
/ðə ˈsevənθ ʌv ˈɑːɡəst/
Line 3
How near it was to the first of September!
Line 4
The firm of Topsail, Armstrong, Grimm & Company, with the skipper and cook, shivered to think of it.
Line 5
Ten more trading days!
/ten mɔːr ˈtreɪdɪŋ deɪz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Armstrong noun US /ˈɑːrmstrɑːŋ/

United States astronaut; the first man to set foot on the Moon (July 20, 1969) (1930-)

From this reading “The firm of Topsail, Armstrong, Grimm & Company, with the skipper and cook, shivered to think of it.”

Cash noun US /kæʃ/

money in the form of bills or coins

From this reading “_In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.”

Extinction noun US /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/

no longer active; extinguished

From this reading “_In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.”

Grimm noun US /ɡrɪm/

the younger of the two Grimm brothers remembered best for their fairy stories (1786-1859)

From this reading “The firm of Topsail, Armstrong, Grimm & Company, with the skipper and cook, shivered to think of it.”

seventh adjective US /ˈsevənθ/

coming next after the sixth and just before the eighth in position

From this reading “The seventh of August!”

shivered verb US /ˈʃɪvərd/

past form of “shiver” — tremble convulsively, as from fear or excitement

From this reading “The firm of Topsail, Armstrong, Grimm & Company, with the skipper and cook, shivered to think of it.”

Threaten verb US /ˈθretən/

pose a threat to; present a danger to

From this reading “_In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.”

trading noun US /ˈtreɪdɪŋ/

buying or selling securities or commodities

From this reading “Ten more trading days!”

All words in this reading · 56

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

ArmstrongnounUS /ˈɑːrmstrɑːŋ/

United States astronaut; the first man to set foot on the Moon (July 20, 1969) (1930-)

From this reading The firm of Topsail, Armstrong, Grimm & Company, with the skipper and cook, shivered to think of it.

AugustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading The seventh of August!

BillynounUS /ˈbɪli/

a short stout club used primarily by policemen

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

Blow-Me-Down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

CashnounUS /kæʃ/

money in the form of bills or coins

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

CompanynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading The firm of Topsail, Armstrong, Grimm & Company, with the skipper and cook, shivered to think of it.

cookverbUS /kʊk/

prepare a hot meal

From this reading The firm of Topsail, Armstrong, Grimm & Company, with the skipper and cook, shivered to think of it.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Ten more trading days!

ExtinctionnounUS /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/

no longer active; extinguished

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

FirmadjectiveUS /fɜːrm/

marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading How near it was to the first of September!

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

GrimmnounUS /ɡrɪm/

the younger of the two Grimm brothers remembered best for their fairy stories (1786-1859)

From this reading The firm of Topsail, Armstrong, Grimm & Company, with the skipper and cook, shivered to think of it.

HarbourverbUS /ˈhɑːrbər/

secretly shelter (as of fugitives or criminals)

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

heelsnounUS /hiːlz/

plural of “heel” — the bottom of a shoe or boot; the back part of a shoe or boot that touches the ground and provides elevation

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

HonournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How near it was to the first of September!

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading How near it was to the first of September!

JollyadjectiveUS /ˈdʒɑːli/

full of or showing high-spirited merriment

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

KeepingnounUS /ˈkiːpɪŋ/

conformity or harmony

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Ten more trading days!

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading How near it was to the first of September!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

PassesnounUS /ˈpæsəz/

plural of “pass” — (baseball) an advance to first base by a batter who receives four balls

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

PickedverbUS /pɪkt/

past form of “pick” — select carefully from a group

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

RocknounUS /rɑːk/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading How near it was to the first of September!

seventhadjectiveUS /ˈsevənθ/

coming next after the sixth and just before the eighth in position

From this reading The seventh of August!

shiveredverbUS /ˈʃɪvərd/

past form of “shiver” — tremble convulsively, as from fear or excitement

From this reading The firm of Topsail, Armstrong, Grimm & Company, with the skipper and cook, shivered to think of it.

ShorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

skippernounUS /ˈskɪpər/

a student who fails to attend classes

From this reading The firm of Topsail, Armstrong, Grimm & Company, with the skipper and cook, shivered to think of it.

speedverbUS /spiːd/

move hurridly

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

SpotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

TennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading Ten more trading days!

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading The firm of Topsail, Armstrong, Grimm & Company, with the skipper and cook, shivered to think of it.

ThreatenverbUS /ˈθretən/

pose a threat to; present a danger to

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading How near it was to the first of September!

Topsailnoun

a sail (or either of a pair of sails) immediately above the lowermost sail of a mast and supported by a topmast

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

tradingnounUS /ˈtreɪdɪŋ/

buying or selling securities or commodities

From this reading Ten more trading days!

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading How near it was to the first of September!

WhichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

Wreckers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _In Which the "Spot Cash" is Picked up by Blow-Me-Down Rock In Jolly Harbour, Wreckers Threaten Extinction and the Honour of the Firm Passes into the Keeping of Billy Topsail_ The _Spot Cash_ made for the French Shore with all the speed her heels could command.

Chapter 31 of Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys by Norman Duncan holds 116 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys contain?

Chapter 31 holds 116 sentences of Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys by Norman Duncan exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 116 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys

Common questions about reading Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys by Norman Duncan on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys?

Yes. All 4115 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #29130 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #29130, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys take to read?

About 342 minutes of reading across 823 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys section by section

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Vocabulary met early in Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys

Words and structures a reader meets early in Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Invent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Conditions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Imagine
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Situations
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Billy Topsail & Company: A Story for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.