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Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1
Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1

Chapter LXXXII · Chapter 82

Chapter 82 of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 is here in full — 5 sentences across 1 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/1 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Stowey (January, 1798.)
My very dear friend, This last fortnight has been very eventful.
I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.
I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.
* * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1

Chapter LXXXII · Chapter 82

Chapter 82 of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 is here in full — 5 sentences across 1 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/1 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Stowey (January, 1798.)
Line 2
My very dear friend, This last fortnight has been very eventful.
/maɪ ˈveri dɪr frend ðɪs læst ˈfɔːrtnaɪt hæz bɪn ˈveri ɪˈventfəl/
Line 3
I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.
Line 4
I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.
Line 5
* * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

eventful adjective US /ɪˈventfəl/

full of events or incidents

From this reading “My very dear friend, This last fortnight has been very eventful.”

explanatory adjective US /ɪkˈsplænətɔːri/

serving or intended to explain or make clear

From this reading “I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.”

fluctuations noun US /ˌflʌktʃuːˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “fluctuation” — a wave motion

From this reading “I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.”

ministry noun US /ˈmɪnəstri/

religious ministers collectively (especially Presbyterian)

From this reading “I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.”

Pension noun US /ˈpenʃən/

a regular payment to a person that is intended to allow them to subsist without working

From this reading “* * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]”

refers verb US /rəˈfɜːrz/

third-person singular of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading “* * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]”

rejection noun US /rɪˈdʒekʃən/

the act of rejecting something

From this reading “* * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]”

Wedgwood noun US /ˈwedʒwʊd/

English potter (1730-1795)

From this reading “I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

100

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

1798

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Stowey (January, 1798.)

54

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

56

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

afraidadjectiveUS /əˈfreɪd/

filled with fear or apprehension

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading My very dear friend, This last fortnight has been very eventful.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

conductverbUS /ˈkɑːndəkt/

direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

Cottle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading My very dear friend, This last fortnight has been very eventful.

eventfuladjectiveUS /ɪˈventfəl/

full of events or incidents

From this reading My very dear friend, This last fortnight has been very eventful.

explanatoryadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsplænətɔːri/

serving or intended to explain or make clear

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

fluctuationsnounUS /ˌflʌktʃuːˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “fluctuation” — a wave motion

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

FootnotenounUS /ˈfʊtnoʊt/

a printed note placed below the text on a printed page

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

fortnightnounUS /ˈfɔːrtnaɪt/

a period of fourteen consecutive days

From this reading My very dear friend, This last fortnight has been very eventful.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading My very dear friend, This last fortnight has been very eventful.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading My very dear friend, This last fortnight has been very eventful.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

healthnounUS /helθ/

a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

invitationnounUS /ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/

a request (spoken or written) to participate or be present or take part in something

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

JanuarynounUS /ˈdʒænjuːeri/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading Stowey (January, 1798.)

Josiah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

lnounUS /el/

a metric unit of capacity, formerly defined as the volume of one kilogram of pure water under standard conditions; now equal to 1,000 cubic centimeters (or approximately 1.75 pints)

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading My very dear friend, This last fortnight has been very eventful.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

Litchfield's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

ministernounUS /ˈmɪnəstər/

a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

ministrynounUS /ˈmɪnəstri/

religious ministers collectively (especially Presbyterian)

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading My very dear friend, This last fortnight has been very eventful.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

nightsnounUS /naɪts/

Periods of darkness between sunset and sunrise.

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

PensionnounUS /ˈpenʃən/

a regular payment to a person that is intended to allow them to subsist without working

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

poundsnounUS /paʊndz/

plural of “pound” — 16 ounces avoirdupois

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

pp

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

preventverbUS /prɪˈvent/

keep from happening or arising; make impossible

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

refersverbUS /rəˈfɜːrz/

third-person singular of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

rejectionnounUS /rɪˈdʒekʃən/

the act of rejecting something

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

robbedverbUS /rɑːbd/

inflected form of “rob” — take something away by force or without the consent of the owner

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

SeeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

Shrewsbury

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

sleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

Stowey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Stowey (January, 1798.)

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading My very dear friend, This last fortnight has been very eventful.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

TomnounUS /tɑːm/

male cat

From this reading * * The next letter Cottle says refers to the Wedgwood Pension, but may be about the rejection of the £100.[l] [Footnote 1: See Litchfield's "Tom Wedgwood", pp. 54-56.]

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading My very dear friend, This last fortnight has been very eventful.

WedgwoodnounUS /ˈwedʒwʊd/

English potter (1730-1795)

From this reading I received one hundred pounds from Josiah Wedgwood, in order to prevent the necessity of my going into the ministry.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I have received an invitation from Shrewsbury, to be minister there; and after fluctuations of mind, which have for nights together robbed me of sleep, and I am afraid of health, I have at length returned the order to Mr. Wedgwood, with a long letter, explanatory of my conduct, and accepted the Shrewsbury invitation.

Chapter 82 of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 by Samuel Taylor Coleridge holds 5 sentences, grouped into 1 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 82 of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 contain?

Chapter 82 holds 5 sentences of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 1 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 82 of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 by Samuel Taylor Coleridge exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 5 sentences, grouped into 1 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 82 of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1?

Work through the 1 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 1 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 82 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 82 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1

Common questions about reading Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 by Samuel Taylor Coleridge on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 section by section

How to work through Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.