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Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1
Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1

Chapter LXXXVIII · Chapter 88

Chapter 88 of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 is here in full — 10 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1
Context Illustration Reading 1/2 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WITH THE "RAVEN", A POEM.
10 March, 1798.
Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:
Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.
This poem must be read in recitative, in the same manner as the "AEgloga Secunda" of the "Shepherd's Calendar".
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1

Chapter LXXXVIII · Chapter 88

Chapter 88 of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 is here in full — 10 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/2 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WITH THE "RAVEN", A POEM.
/wɪð ðə ˈreɪvən ə ˈpoʊəm/
Line 2
10 March, 1798.
Line 3
Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:
Line 4
Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.
Line 5
This poem must be read in recitative, in the same manner as the "AEgloga Secunda" of the "Shepherd's Calendar".

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

angler noun US /ˈæŋɡlər/

a scheming person; someone who schemes to gain an advantage

From this reading “Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:”

hoar noun US /hɔːr/

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading “Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.”

Mid adjective US /mɪd/

used in combination to denote the middle

From this reading “Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.”

resembles verb US /rɪˈzembəlz/

third-person singular of “resemble” — appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading “Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.”

Shepherd's noun US /ˈʃepərdz/

possessive form of “shepherd” — a clergyman who watches over a group of people

From this reading “This poem must be read in recitative, in the same manner as the "AEgloga Secunda" of the "Shepherd's Calendar".”

Spenser noun US /ˈspensər/

English poet who wrote an allegorical romance celebrating Elizabeth I in the Spenserian stanza (1552-1599)

From this reading “Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:”

Spenser's noun US /ˈspensərz/

possessive form of “spenser” — English poet who wrote an allegorical romance celebrating Elizabeth I in the Spenserian stanza (1552-1599)

From this reading “Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.”

Tragedies noun US /ˈtrædʒədiz/

plural of “tragedy” — an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading “Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

10

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 March, 1798.

1798

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 March, 1798.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading WITH THE "RAVEN", A POEM.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

acquaintancenounUS /əˈkweɪntəns/

personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

AEgloga

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This poem must be read in recitative, in the same manner as the "AEgloga Secunda" of the "Shepherd's Calendar".

alders

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

anglernounUS /ˈæŋɡlər/

a scheming person; someone who schemes to gain an advantage

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

Antiquarianadjective

of or relating to persons who study or deal in antiques or antiquities

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading This poem must be read in recitative, in the same manner as the "AEgloga Secunda" of the "Shepherd's Calendar".

buriedadjectiveUS /ˈberid/

placed in a grave

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

CalendarnounUS /ˈkæləndər/

a system of timekeeping that defines the beginning and length and divisions of the year

From this reading This poem must be read in recitative, in the same manner as the "AEgloga Secunda" of the "Shepherd's Calendar".

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

Edmund

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

fishing-box

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

hoarnounUS /hɔːr/

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading This poem must be read in recitative, in the same manner as the "AEgloga Secunda" of the "Shepherd's Calendar".

MarchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading 10 March, 1798.

MidadjectiveUS /mɪd/

used in combination to denote the middle

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

minoradjectiveUS /ˈmaɪnər/

of lesser importance or stature or rank

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

MolenounUS /moʊl/

the molecular weight of a substance expressed in grams; the basic unit of amount of substance adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

MountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

Mulla's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading This poem must be read in recitative, in the same manner as the "AEgloga Secunda" of the "Shepherd's Calendar".

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

POEMnounUS /ˈpoʊəm/

a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading WITH THE "RAVEN", A POEM.

poemsnounUS /ˈpoʊəmz/

plural of “poem” — a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

RAVENverbUS /ˈreɪvən/

obtain or seize by violence

From this reading WITH THE "RAVEN", A POEM.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading This poem must be read in recitative, in the same manner as the "AEgloga Secunda" of the "Shepherd's Calendar".

recitativenoun

a vocal passage of narrative text that a singer delivers with natural rhythms of speech

From this reading This poem must be read in recitative, in the same manner as the "AEgloga Secunda" of the "Shepherd's Calendar".

resemblesverbUS /rɪˈzembəlz/

third-person singular of “resemble” — appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

Rowena

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading This poem must be read in recitative, in the same manner as the "AEgloga Secunda" of the "Shepherd's Calendar".

Secunda

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This poem must be read in recitative, in the same manner as the "AEgloga Secunda" of the "Shepherd's Calendar".

ShakespearenounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːr/

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

Shepherd'snounUS /ˈʃepərdz/

possessive form of “shepherd” — a clergyman who watches over a group of people

From this reading This poem must be read in recitative, in the same manner as the "AEgloga Secunda" of the "Shepherd's Calendar".

shorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

SpensernounUS /ˈspensər/

English poet who wrote an allegorical romance celebrating Elizabeth I in the Spenserian stanza (1552-1599)

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

Spenser'snounUS /ˈspensərz/

possessive form of “spenser” — English poet who wrote an allegorical romance celebrating Elizabeth I in the Spenserian stanza (1552-1599)

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading WITH THE "RAVEN", A POEM.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This poem must be read in recitative, in the same manner as the "AEgloga Secunda" of the "Shepherd's Calendar".

TragediesnounUS /ˈtrædʒədiz/

plural of “tragedy” — an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

UnderprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

Vortigern

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Under the foot of Mole, that Mountain hoar, Mid the green alders, by the Mulla's shore; but a learned Antiquarian of my acquaintance has given it as his opinion that it resembles Spenser's minor poems as nearly as "Vortigern" and "Rowena" the Tragedies of William Shakespeare.

WITHprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading WITH THE "RAVEN", A POEM.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading Sir, I am not absolutely certain that the following poem was written by Edmund Spenser, and found by an angler buried in a fishing-box:

Chapter 88 of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 by Samuel Taylor Coleridge holds 10 sentences, grouped into 2 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 88 of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 contain?

Chapter 88 holds 10 sentences of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 2 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 88 of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 by Samuel Taylor Coleridge exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 10 sentences, grouped into 2 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 88 of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1?

Work through the 2 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 2 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 88 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 88 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 by Samuel Taylor Coleridge on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Biographia Epistolaris, Volume 1, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.