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Biographical Essays
Biographical Essays

Chapter VI · Chapter 6

Chapter 6 of Biographical Essays is here in full — 416 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.
But apparently it was a zeal without knowledge.
Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.
Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.
Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Biographical Essays

Chapter VI · Chapter 6

Chapter 6 of Biographical Essays is here in full — 416 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.
Line 2
But apparently it was a zeal without knowledge.
/bʌt əˈperəntli ɪt wɑːz ə ziːl wɪˈθaʊt ˈnɑːlədʒ/
Line 3
Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.
/ˈmeni θɪŋz wɜːr tɔːt ˌɪmˈpɜːrfɪktli bʌt ɔːl ˈkæʒəwəli ənd æz tʃæns səˈdʒestɪd ðem/
Line 4
Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.
/ˌɪˈtæljən wɑːz ˈstʌdid ə ˈlɪtəl bɪˈkɔːz ðə ˈeldər ɡoʊθ hæd meɪd æn ˌɪˈtæljən tʊr ənd hæd kəˈlektəd sʌm ˌɪˈtæljən bʊks ənd ɪnˈɡreɪvɪŋz baɪ ˌɪˈtæljən ˈmæstərz/
Line 5
Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

commends verb US /kəˈmendz/

third-person singular of “commend” — express approval of

From this reading “Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.”

engravings noun US /ɪnˈɡreɪvɪŋz/

plural of “engraving” — a print made from an engraving

From this reading “Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.”

Frankfort noun US /ˈfræŋkfərt/

the capital of Kentucky; located in northern Kentucky

From this reading “Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.”

Goethe noun US /ɡoʊθ/

German poet and novelist and dramatist who lived in Weimar (1749-1832)

From this reading “Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.”

imperfectly adverb US /ˌɪmˈpɜːrfɪktli/

in an imperfect or faulty way

From this reading “Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.”

Jewish adjective US /ˈdʒuːɪʃ/

of or relating to Jews or their culture or religion

From this reading “Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.”

Memoirs noun US /ˈmemwɑːrz/

plural of “memoir” — an account of the author's personal experiences

From this reading “Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.”

theology noun US /θiˈɑːlədʒi/

the rational and systematic study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truth

From this reading “Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But apparently it was a zeal without knowledge.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.

apparentlyadverbUS /əˈperəntli/

from appearances alone

From this reading But apparently it was a zeal without knowledge.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

BooknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But apparently it was a zeal without knowledge.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

casuallyadverbUS /ˈkæʒəwəli/

not methodically or according to plan

From this reading Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.

chancenounUS /tʃæns/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

collectedadjectiveUS /kəˈlektəd/

brought together in one place

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

commendsverbUS /kəˈmendz/

third-person singular of “commend” — express approval of

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

educationnounUS /ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/

the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

eldernounUS /ˈeldər/

a person who is older than you are

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

engravingsnounUS /ɪnˈɡreɪvɪŋz/

plural of “engraving” — a print made from an engraving

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

fancynounUS /ˈfænsi/

something many people believe that is false

From this reading Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

FrankfortnounUS /ˈfræŋkfərt/

the capital of Kentucky; located in northern Kentucky

From this reading Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

gloomyadjectiveUS /ˈɡluːmi/

depressingly dark

From this reading Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

GoethenounUS /ɡoʊθ/

German poet and novelist and dramatist who lived in Weimar (1749-1832)

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

HebrewnounUS /ˈhiːbruː/

the ancient Canaanitic language of the Hebrews that has been revived as the official language of Israel

From this reading Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

imperfectlyadverbUS /ˌɪmˈpɜːrfɪktli/

in an imperfect or faulty way

From this reading Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But apparently it was a zeal without knowledge.

ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

JewishadjectiveUS /ˈdʒuːɪʃ/

of or relating to Jews or their culture or religion

From this reading Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading But apparently it was a zeal without knowledge.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

ManyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.

mastersnounUS /ˈmæstərz/

United States poet (1869-1950)

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

MemoirsnounUS /ˈmemwɑːrz/

plural of “memoir” — an account of the author's personal experiences

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

partlyadverbUS /ˈpɑːrtli/

to some extent; in some degree; not wholly

From this reading Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

quarternounUS /ˈkwɔːrtər/

one of four equal parts

From this reading Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

sequestrated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

studiedadjectiveUS /ˈstʌdid/

produced or marked by conscious design or premeditation

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

suggestedverbUS /səˈdʒestɪd/

past form of “suggest” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.

superintended

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.

theologynounUS /θiˈɑːlədʒi/

the rational and systematic study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truth

From this reading Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

tournounUS /tʊr/

a journey or route all the way around a particular place or area

From this reading Italian was studied a little, because the elder Goethe had made an Italian tour, and had collected some Italian books, and engravings by Italian masters.

VInounUS /vaɪ/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading Hebrew was studied a little, because Goethe the son had a fancy for it, partly with a view to theology, and partly because there was a Jewish quarter, gloomy and sequestrated, in the city of Frankfort.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But apparently it was a zeal without knowledge.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Many things were taught imperfectly, but all casually, and as chance suggested them.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading But apparently it was a zeal without knowledge.

zealnounUS /ziːl/

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading Goethe, in his Memoirs, (Book VI.,) commends his father for the zeal with which he superintended the education of his children.

Chapter 6 of Biographical Essays by Thomas De Quincey holds 416 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of Biographical Essays contain?

Chapter 6 holds 416 sentences of Biographical Essays, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of Biographical Essays by Thomas De Quincey exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 416 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of Biographical Essays?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 6 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Biographical Essays

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Is this the complete text of Biographical Essays?

Yes. All 2608 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6314 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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About 217 minutes of reading across 522 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Biographical Essays

Words and structures a reader meets early in Biographical Essays, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Quincey's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Biographical Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Writings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Biographical Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Confessions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Biographical Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Biographical Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.