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Birthright
Birthright

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Birthright is here in full — 493 sentences across 99 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Birthright
Context Illustration Reading 26/98 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
But _you_ work that hard from choice."
Then he had nodded in dismissal.
Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.
All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.
The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Birthright

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Birthright is here in full — 493 sentences across 99 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 26/98 · 5 reading units · Lines 126–130

Line 1
But _you_ work that hard from choice."
/bʌt juː wɜːrk ðæt hɑːrd frʌm tʃɔɪs/
Line 2
Then he had nodded in dismissal.
/ðen hiː hæd ˈnɑːdəd ɪn dɪˈsmɪsəl/
Line 3
Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.
/kɜːrk hæd ˈpʌzəld ˈoʊvər ðiːz ənd ˈʌðər ˈɪnsədənts ˈsɜːrtʃɪŋ fɔːr ə kluː bʌt faʊnd ˈnʌθɪŋ/
Line 4
All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.
/ɔːl hɪz ˈproʊbɪŋ ɪn ə mɔːr ˌɑːptəˈmɪstɪk dərˈekʃən led tuː blaɪnd ˈæliz ˈɔːlsoʊ/
Line 5
The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alleys noun US /ˈæliz/

plural of “alley” — a narrow street with walls on both sides

From this reading “All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.”

commercial adjective US /kəˈmɜːrʃəl/

connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises

From this reading “The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.”

dismissal noun US /dɪˈsmɪsəl/

a judgment disposing of the matter without a trial

From this reading “Then he had nodded in dismissal.”

documents noun US /ˈdɑːkjəmənts/

plural of “document” — writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading “The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.”

Kirk noun US /kɜːrk/

a Scottish church

From this reading “Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.”

optimistic adjective US /ˌɑːptəˈmɪstɪk/

expecting the best in this best of all possible worlds

From this reading “All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.”

probing adjective US /ˈproʊbɪŋ/

diligent and thorough in inquiry or investigation

From this reading “All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.”

Ross's noun US /ˈrɑːsɪz/

possessive form of “ross” — Scottish explorer who led Arctic expeditions that yielded geographic discoveries while searching for the Northwest Passage (1777-1856)

From this reading “The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

blind alleys noun + noun counted as “blind alley”

a street with only one way in or out

In this reading “All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.”

commercial value adjective + noun

In this reading “The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.”

dig up verb + adjective

find by digging in the ground

In this reading “The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.

alleysnounUS /ˈæliz/

plural of “alley” — a narrow street with walls on both sides

From this reading All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.

blindnounUS /blaɪnd/

people who have severe visual impairments, considered as a group

From this reading All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But _you_ work that hard from choice."

choicenounUS /tʃɔɪs/

the person or thing chosen or selected

From this reading But _you_ work that hard from choice."

cluenounUS /kluː/

a slight indication

From this reading Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.

commercialadjectiveUS /kəˈmɜːrʃəl/

connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

confirmedadjectiveUS /kənˈfɜːrmd/

of persons; not subject to change

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

digverbUS /dɪɡ/

turn up, loosen, or remove earth

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.

dismissalnounUS /dɪˈsmɪsəl/

a judgment disposing of the matter without a trial

From this reading Then he had nodded in dismissal.

documentsnounUS /ˈdɑːkjəmənts/

plural of “document” — writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading But _you_ work that hard from choice."

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Then he had nodded in dismissal.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading But _you_ work that hard from choice."

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Then he had nodded in dismissal.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Then he had nodded in dismissal.

incidentsnounUS /ˈɪnsədənts/

plural of “incident” — a single distinct event

From this reading Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.

informationnounUS /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/

a message received and understood

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

KirknounUS /kɜːrk/

a Scottish church

From this reading Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.

Nemar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

noddedverbUS /ˈnɑːdəd/

inflected form of “nod” — express or signify by nodding

From this reading Then he had nodded in dismissal.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

optimisticadjectiveUS /ˌɑːptəˈmɪstɪk/

expecting the best in this best of all possible worlds

From this reading All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.

planetnounUS /ˈplænət/

(astronomy) any of the nine large celestial bodies in the solar system that revolve around the sun and shine by reflected light

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

probingadjectiveUS /ˈproʊbɪŋ/

diligent and thorough in inquiry or investigation

From this reading All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.

puzzledadjectiveUS /ˈpʌzəld/

filled with bewilderment

From this reading Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.

Ross'snounUS /ˈrɑːsɪz/

possessive form of “ross” — Scottish explorer who led Arctic expeditions that yielded geographic discoveries while searching for the Northwest Passage (1777-1856)

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

searchingadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtʃɪŋ/

diligent and thorough in inquiry or investigation

From this reading Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.

statementnounUS /ˈsteɪtmənt/

a message that is stated or declared; a communication (oral or written) setting forth particulars or facts etc

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But _you_ work that hard from choice."

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then he had nodded in dismissal.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Kirk had puzzled over these and other incidents, searching for a clue, but found nothing.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading All his probing in a more optimistic direction led to blind alleys also.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

valuenounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading The documents on Nemar, all the information he could dig up, confirmed Ross's statement that the planet held nothing of commercial value.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading But _you_ work that hard from choice."

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading But _you_ work that hard from choice."

Chapter 1 of Birthright by April Smith holds 493 sentences, grouped into 99 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Birthright contain?

Chapter 1 holds 493 sentences of Birthright, unabridged, divided into 99 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Birthright by April Smith exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 493 sentences, grouped into 99 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Birthright?

Work through the 99 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 99 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Birthright

Common questions about reading Birthright by April Smith on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Birthright?

Yes. All 1462 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59329 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Birthright is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59329, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Birthright take to read?

About 121 minutes of reading across 293 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Birthright section by section

How to work through Birthright section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 3 chapters of Birthright to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Birthright

Words and structures a reader meets early in Birthright, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Cyril
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Birthright; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Highest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Birthright; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Class
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Birthright; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Assigned
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Birthright; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.