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Black Sheep: A Novel
Black Sheep: A Novel

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of Black Sheep: A Novel is here in full — 227 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/45 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE AMERICAN LETTERS.
Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.
The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.
Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.
But, though the effect was in each case the same, the origin was widely different.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Black Sheep: A Novel

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of Black Sheep: A Novel is here in full — 227 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/45 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE AMERICAN LETTERS.
/ðə əˈmerəkən ˈletərz/
Line 2
Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.
Line 3
The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.
/ðə kɜːrs ʌv æn ənˈhoʊli əˈlaɪəns hæd ˈfɑːlən əˈpɑːn ðiːz tuː ənd wɑːz naʊ bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ tuː meɪk ˌɪtˈself felt/
Line 4
Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.
/iːtʃ wɑːz dɪˈzaɪrəs tuː kənˈsiːl frʌm ðə ˈʌðər ðə dɪˈvaɪsəz tuː wɪtʃ ðeɪ wɜːr kəmˈpeld tuː rɪˈzɔːrt ɪn ˈɔːrdər tuː kiːp ʌp ðə fɔːls əˈpɪrənsəz tuː wɪtʃ ðeɪ wɜːr kənˈdemd ɪn ɔːl ðer laɪf ðer wɑːz noʊ taɪm ɪn wɪtʃ ðeɪ wɜːr friː frʌm rɪˈstreɪnt ɪkˈsept ɪn ˈsɑːlətuːd/
Line 5
But, though the effect was in each case the same, the origin was widely different.
/bʌt ðoʊ ðə ɪˈfekt wɑːz ɪn iːtʃ keɪs ðə seɪm ðə ˈɔːrədʒən wɑːz ˈwaɪdli ˈdɪfərənt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alliance noun US /əˈlaɪəns/

the state of being allied or confederated

From this reading “The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.”

constancy noun US /ˈkɑːnstənsi/

the quality of being enduring and free from change or variation

From this reading “Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.”

Dallas noun US /ˈdæləs/

a large commercial and industrial city in northeastern Texas located in the heart of the northern Texas oil fields

From this reading “Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.”

devices noun US /dɪˈvaɪsəz/

an inclination or desire; used in the plural in the phrase “left to your own devices”

From this reading “Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.”

hardness noun US /ˈhɑːrdnəs/

the property of being rigid and resistant to pressure; not easily scratched; measured on Mohs scale

From this reading “Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.”

Stewart noun US /ˈstuːərt/

United States film actor who portrayed incorruptible but modest heros (1908-1997)

From this reading “Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.”

unholy adjective US /ənˈhoʊli/

not hallowed or consecrated

From this reading “The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.”

widely adverb US /ˈwaɪdli/

to a great degree

From this reading “But, though the effect was in each case the same, the origin was widely different.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

widely different adverb + adjective

In this reading “But, though the effect was in each case the same, the origin was widely different.”

free from verb + particle

In this reading “Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.”

in order preposition + noun

in a state of proper readiness or preparation or arrangement

In this reading “Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.”

conceal from verb + particle

In this reading “Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.”

keep up verb + adjective

maintain a required pace or level

In this reading “Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.”

in solitude preposition + noun

In this reading “Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

alliancenounUS /əˈlaɪəns/

the state of being allied or confederated

From this reading The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.

AMERICANnounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading THE AMERICAN LETTERS.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

appearancesnounUS /əˈpɪrənsəz/

plural of “appearance” — outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading But, though the effect was in each case the same, the origin was widely different.

compelledverbUS /kəmˈpeld/

inflected form of “compel” — force somebody to do something

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

concealverbUS /kənˈsiːl/

prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

condemnedverbUS /kənˈdemd/

past form of “condemn” — express strong disapproval of

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

constancynounUS /ˈkɑːnstənsi/

the quality of being enduring and free from change or variation

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

cursenounUS /kɜːrs/

profane or obscene expression usually of surprise or anger

From this reading The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.

DallasnounUS /ˈdæləs/

a large commercial and industrial city in northeastern Texas located in the heart of the northern Texas oil fields

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

desirousadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪrəs/

having or expressing desire for something

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

devicesnounUS /dɪˈvaɪsəz/

an inclination or desire; used in the plural in the phrase “left to your own devices”

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading But, though the effect was in each case the same, the origin was widely different.

EachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading But, though the effect was in each case the same, the origin was widely different.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.

falseadjectiveUS /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

fearedverbUS /fɪrd/

past form of “fear” — be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

GeorgenounUS /dʒɔːrdʒ/

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

hardnessnounUS /ˈhɑːrdnəs/

the property of being rigid and resistant to pressure; not easily scratched; measured on Mohs scale

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

Harriet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

LETTERSnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading THE AMERICAN LETTERS.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

meetingnounUS /ˈmiːtɪŋ/

a formally arranged gathering

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

originnounUS /ˈɔːrədʒən/

the place where something begins, where it springs into being

From this reading But, though the effect was in each case the same, the origin was widely different.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

proofnounUS /pruːf/

any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

readilyadverbUS /ˈredəli/

without much difficulty

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

resortnounUS /rɪˈzɔːrt/

a hotel located in a resort area

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

restraintnounUS /rɪˈstreɪnt/

the act of controlling by restraining someone or something

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

Routh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading But, though the effect was in each case the same, the origin was widely different.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

solitudenounUS /ˈsɑːlətuːd/

a state of social isolation

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

StewartnounUS /ˈstuːərt/

United States film actor who portrayed incorruptible but modest heros (1908-1997)

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE AMERICAN LETTERS.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading But, though the effect was in each case the same, the origin was widely different.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

trialnounUS /ˈtraɪəl/

the act of testing something

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.

unholyadjectiveUS /ənˈhoʊli/

not hallowed or consecrated

From this reading The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The curse of an unholy alliance had fallen upon these two, and was now beginning to make itself felt.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Each was desirous to conceal from the other the devices to which they were compelled to resort, in order to keep up the false appearances to which they were condemned; in all their life there was no time in which they were free from restraint, except in solitude.

widelyadverbUS /ˈwaɪdli/

to a great degree

From this reading But, though the effect was in each case the same, the origin was widely different.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Stewart Routh was as hard a man as could readily be found, but his hardness was not proof against his meeting with George Dallas, and he showed Harriet how great a trial it was to him, and how much he feared his own constancy, when he told her he thought she had better not be present at their meeting.

Chapter 21 of Black Sheep: A Novel by Edmund Yates holds 227 sentences, grouped into 46 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Black Sheep: A Novel contain?

Chapter 21 holds 227 sentences of Black Sheep: A Novel, unabridged, divided into 46 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Black Sheep: A Novel by Edmund Yates exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 227 sentences, grouped into 46 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Black Sheep: A Novel?

Work through the 46 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 46 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Black Sheep: A Novel

Common questions about reading Black Sheep: A Novel by Edmund Yates on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Black Sheep: A Novel?

Yes. All 8144 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59927 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Black Sheep: A Novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59927, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Black Sheep: A Novel take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1629 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Black Sheep: A Novel section by section

How to work through Black Sheep: A Novel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of Black Sheep: A Novel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Black Sheep: A Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Black Sheep: A Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Avenue
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Black Sheep: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Right
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Black Sheep: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bearin'
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Black Sheep: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cross
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Black Sheep: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.