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Bonaventure
Bonaventure

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of Bonaventure is here in full — 58 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
IN A STRANGE LAND.
An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.
The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.
The eye could run but a little way ere it was confused by the tangle of vegetation.
The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Bonaventure

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of Bonaventure is here in full — 58 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IN A STRANGE LAND.
/ɪn ə streɪndʒ lænd/
Line 2
An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.
Line 3
The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.
Line 4
The eye could run but a little way ere it was confused by the tangle of vegetation.
/ðə aɪ kʊd rʌn bʌt ə ˈlɪtəl weɪ er ɪt wɑːz kənˈfjuːzd baɪ ðə ˈtæŋɡəl ʌv ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃən/
Line 5
The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

magnolias noun US /mæɡˈnoʊljəz/

plural of “magnolia” — dried bark of various magnolias; used in folk medicine

From this reading “The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.”

obliquely adverb US /əˈbliːkli/

to, toward or at one side

From this reading “The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.”

plantation noun US /ˌplænˈteɪʃən/

an estate where cash crops are grown on a large scale (especially in tropical areas)

From this reading “An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.”

rustling noun US /ˈrʌslɪŋ/

the stealing of cattle

From this reading “An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.”

sparkled verb US /ˈspɑːrkəld/

past form of “sparkle” — reflect brightly

From this reading “The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.”

swamp verb US /swɑːmp/

drench or submerge or be drenched or submerged

From this reading “The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.”

tangle noun US /ˈtæŋɡəl/

a twisted and tangled mass that is highly interwoven

From this reading “The eye could run but a little way ere it was confused by the tangle of vegetation.”

vegetation noun US /ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃən/

all the plant life in a particular region or period

From this reading “The eye could run but a little way ere it was confused by the tangle of vegetation.”

All words in this reading · 76

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading IN A STRANGE LAND.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

all-surrounding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

AlliancenounUS /əˈlaɪəns/

the state of being allied or confederated

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

BellenounUS /bel/

a young woman who is the most charming and beautiful of several rivals

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

bridle-path

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The eye could run but a little way ere it was confused by the tangle of vegetation.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The eye could run but a little way ere it was confused by the tangle of vegetation.

castverbUS /kæst/

put or send forth

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

confusedadjectiveUS /kənˈfjuːzd/

perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment

From this reading The eye could run but a little way ere it was confused by the tangle of vegetation.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The eye could run but a little way ere it was confused by the tangle of vegetation.

denseadjectiveUS /dens/

permitting little if any light to pass through because of denseness of matter

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

dewnounUS /duː/

water that has condensed on a cool surface overnight from water vapor in the air

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

draining-ditch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

ereconjunctionUS /er/

an old word for “before”

From this reading The eye could run but a little way ere it was confused by the tangle of vegetation.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading The eye could run but a little way ere it was confused by the tangle of vegetation.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

grassverbUS /ɡræs/

shoot down, of birds

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN A STRANGE LAND.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The eye could run but a little way ere it was confused by the tangle of vegetation.

LANDnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading IN A STRANGE LAND.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

magnoliasnounUS /mæɡˈnoʊljəz/

plural of “magnolia” — dried bark of various magnolias; used in folk medicine

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

obliquelyadverbUS /əˈbliːkli/

to, toward or at one side

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

plantationnounUS /ˌplænˈteɪʃən/

an estate where cash crops are grown on a large scale (especially in tropical areas)

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading The eye could run but a little way ere it was confused by the tangle of vegetation.

rustlingnounUS /ˈrʌslɪŋ/

the stealing of cattle

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

shadenounUS /ʃeɪd/

relative darkness caused by light rays being intercepted by an opaque body

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

smoothadjectiveUS /smuːð/

having a surface free from roughness or bumps or ridges or irregularities

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

sparkledverbUS /ˈspɑːrkəld/

past form of “sparkle” — reflect brightly

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

STRANGEadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading IN A STRANGE LAND.

strangernounUS /ˈstreɪndʒər/

anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

sugar-cane

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

swampverbUS /swɑːmp/

drench or submerge or be drenched or submerged

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

sweet-gums

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

tanglenounUS /ˈtæŋɡəl/

a twisted and tangled mass that is highly interwoven

From this reading The eye could run but a little way ere it was confused by the tangle of vegetation.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

thrownadjectiveUS /θroʊn/

caused to fall to the ground

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

undriedadjective

still wet or moist

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

vegetationnounUS /ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃən/

all the plant life in a particular region or period

From this reading The eye could run but a little way ere it was confused by the tangle of vegetation.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading An hour later the stranger, quite alone, had left behind him the broad smooth road, between rustling walls of sugar-cane, that had brought him through Belle Alliance plantation.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

water-oaks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The way before him was little more than a bridle-path along the earth thrown up beside a draining-ditch in a dense swamp.

whereverconjunctionUS /weˈrevər/

in or to any place at all

From this reading The trees of the all-surrounding forest--sweet-gums, water-oaks, magnolias--cast their shade obliquely along and across his way, and wherever it fell the undried dew still sparkled on the long grass.

Chapter 11 of Bonaventure by George Washington Cable holds 58 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Bonaventure contain?

Chapter 11 holds 58 sentences of Bonaventure, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Bonaventure by George Washington Cable exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 58 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Bonaventure?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Bonaventure

Common questions about reading Bonaventure by George Washington Cable on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Bonaventure?

Yes. All 4770 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #24078 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Bonaventure is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #24078, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Bonaventure take to read?

About 397 minutes of reading across 954 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Bonaventure section by section

How to work through Bonaventure section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Bonaventure to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Bonaventure

Words and structures a reader meets early in Bonaventure, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Small
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bonaventure; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Number
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bonaventure; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Characters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bonaventure; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Diacritical
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bonaventure; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.