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Borderland
Borderland

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Borderland is here in full — 234 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Borderland
Context Illustration Reading 1/46 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
OTHO’S LETTER-BAG A November morning, five years later.
The sky gray and brooding, the trees still and leafless.
Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.
Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.
A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Borderland

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Borderland is here in full — 234 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/46 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OTHO’S LETTER-BAG A November morning, five years later.
Line 2
The sky gray and brooding, the trees still and leafless.
/ðə skaɪ ɡreɪ ənd ˈbruːdɪŋ ðə triːz stɪl ənd ˈliːfləs/
Line 3
Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.
Line 4
Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.
Line 5
A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.
/ə ˈletər wɑːz ɪn hɪz hænd tuː wɪtʃ hiː siːmd tuː peɪ mɔːr əˈtenʃən ðæn ɪt wɑːz ˈjuːʒəwəli hɪz ˈhæbət tuː ɡɪv tuː hɪz ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndəns fɔːr hiː tɜːrnd ɪt əˈbaʊt ənd pərˈuːzd ɪt ˈɔːfən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

brightness noun US /ˈbraɪtnəs/

the location of a visual perception along a continuum from black to white

From this reading “Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.”

brooding noun US /ˈbruːdɪŋ/

sitting on eggs so as to hatch them by the warmth of the body

From this reading “The sky gray and brooding, the trees still and leafless.”

burly adjective US /ˈbɜːrli/

muscular and heavily built

From this reading “Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.”

correspondence noun US /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndəns/

communication by the exchange of letters

From this reading “A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.”

lawns noun US /lɔːnz/

plural of “lawn” — a field of cultivated and mowed grass

From this reading “Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.”

leafless adjective US /ˈliːfləs/

having no leaves

From this reading “The sky gray and brooding, the trees still and leafless.”

November noun US /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading “OTHO’S LETTER-BAG A November morning, five years later.”

perused verb US /pərˈuːzd/

past form of “peruse” — examine or consider with attention and in detail

From this reading “A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

five years noun + noun

In this reading “OTHO’S LETTER-BAG A November morning, five years later.”

on the hearthrug preposition + article + noun counted as “on … hearthrug”

In this reading “Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.”

generally used adverb + adjective

In this reading “Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.”

small room adjective + noun

In this reading “Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.”

stood on verb + particle

In this reading “Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.”

more attention adjective + noun

In this reading “A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading OTHO’S LETTER-BAG A November morning, five years later.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The sky gray and brooding, the trees still and leafless.

Askam

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

betokened

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

breakfasting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

brightnessnounUS /ˈbraɪtnəs/

the location of a visual perception along a continuum from black to white

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

broodingnounUS /ˈbruːdɪŋ/

sitting on eggs so as to hatch them by the warmth of the body

From this reading The sky gray and brooding, the trees still and leafless.

burlyadjectiveUS /ˈbɜːrli/

muscular and heavily built

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

correspondencenounUS /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndəns/

communication by the exchange of letters

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

drearadjective

causing dejection

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

EverythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading OTHO’S LETTER-BAG A November morning, five years later.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

graynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading The sky gray and brooding, the trees still and leafless.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

hearthrugnoun

a rug spread out in front of a fireplace

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading OTHO’S LETTER-BAG A November morning, five years later.

lawnsnounUS /lɔːnz/

plural of “lawn” — a field of cultivated and mowed grass

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

leaflessadjectiveUS /ˈliːfləs/

having no leaves

From this reading The sky gray and brooding, the trees still and leafless.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

LETTER-BAG

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OTHO’S LETTER-BAG A November morning, five years later.

moodnounUS /muːd/

a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading OTHO’S LETTER-BAG A November morning, five years later.

NaturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading OTHO’S LETTER-BAG A November morning, five years later.

onounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

Othonoun

French pope from 1088 to 1099 whose sermons called for the First Crusade (1042-1099)

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

OTHO'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OTHO’S LETTER-BAG A November morning, five years later.

outsideadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on or near the outer side or limit

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

perusedverbUS /pərˈuːzd/

past form of “peruse” — examine or consider with attention and in detail

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading The sky gray and brooding, the trees still and leafless.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The sky gray and brooding, the trees still and leafless.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The sky gray and brooding, the trees still and leafless.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

Thorsgarth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading The sky gray and brooding, the trees still and leafless.

trimlyadverb

in a trim manner

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A letter was in his hand, to which he seemed to pay more attention than it was usually his habit to give to his correspondence, for he turned it about, and perused it often.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

WithinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Within, in a small room which he generally used for breakfasting, Otho Askam stood on the hearthrug, with his burly back turned towards a large fire.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Everything outside betokened the drear season of the year, and even the trimly kept lawns of Thorsgarth could not give brightness to this mood of Nature and the time o’ day.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading OTHO’S LETTER-BAG A November morning, five years later.

Chapter 11 of Borderland by Jessie Fothergill holds 234 sentences, grouped into 47 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Borderland contain?

Chapter 11 holds 234 sentences of Borderland, unabridged, divided into 47 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Borderland by Jessie Fothergill exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 234 sentences, grouped into 47 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Borderland?

Work through the 47 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 47 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Borderland

Common questions about reading Borderland by Jessie Fothergill on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Borderland?

Yes. All 7267 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #75051 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Borderland is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #75051, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Borderland take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1454 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Borderland section by section

How to work through Borderland section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Borderland to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Borderland

Words and structures a reader meets early in Borderland, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Borderland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cannot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Borderland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Borderland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Borderland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.