used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
matters of personal concern
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/
later than; following
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
ArchangelnounUS /ˌɑːrˈkeɪndʒəl/
an angel ranked above the highest rank in the celestial hierarchy
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
in or near a particular place or position
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
the month following July and preceding September
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
the season when the leaves fall from the trees
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
in addition to; as well as
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
Boris
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
take something or somebody with oneself somewhere
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
showing who or what does the action
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
assets available for use in the production of further assets
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
a railcar where passengers ride
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
cementedverbUS /səˈmentɪd/
past form of “cement” — make fast as if with cement
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
providing or experiencing physical well-being or relief (“comfy” is informal)
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
a politically organized body of people under a single government
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
the time during which someone's life continues
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
recognizable; marked
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
greatly pleasing or entertaining
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
the act of departing
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
desperatelyadverbUS /ˈdespərətli/
with great urgency
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
destinedadjectiveUS /ˈdestɪnd/
headed or intending to head in a certain direction; often used as a combining form as in “college-bound students”
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
separated in space or coming from or going to a distance
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
plural of “duty” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/
at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
either extremity of something that has length
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
exceptingverbUS /ˌekˈseptɪŋ/
-ing form of “except” — take exception to
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
exigenciesnounUS /ˌekˈsɪdʒənsiz/
plural of “exigency” — a pressing or urgent situation
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
foundationsnounUS /faʊnˈdeɪʃənz/
plural of “foundation” — the basis on which something is grounded
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
the state of being friends (or friendly)
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
showing where something starts, or who sent it
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
containing as much or as many as is possible or normal
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
the locus of feelings and intuitions
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
history-making
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
holidaynounUS /ˈhɑːlədeɪ/
leisure time away from work devoted to rest or pleasure
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
where you live at a particular time
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
icyadjectiveUS /ˈaɪsi/
devoid of warmth and cordiality; expressive of unfriendliness or disdain
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
of great significance or value
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
in place of, or as an alternative to
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
joltingadjectiveUS /ˈdʒoʊltɪŋ/
causing or characterized by jolts and irregular movements
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
the month following June and preceding August
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
set down according to a plan
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
immediately past
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
MoscownounUS /ˈmɑːskoʊ/
a city of central European Russia; formerly capital of both the Soviet Union and Soviet Russia; since 1991 the capital of the Russian Federation
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
absolutely essential
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
necessitatedverbUS /nəˈsesəteɪtəd/
past form of “necessitate” — require as useful, just, or proper
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
night-time
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
touching and supported by a surface
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
used to mean any person in general, including the speaker
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
plural of “one” — the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
have ownership or possession of
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
having a margin incised almost to the base so as to create distinct divisions or lobes
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
Peter'snounUS /ˈpiːtərz/
possessive form of “peter” — disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
polenounUS /poʊl/
a long (usually round) rod of wood or metal or plastic
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
portionsnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃənz/
plural of “portion” — something determined in relation to something that includes it
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
the state of being present; current existence
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
gradual improvement or growth or development
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
people in general considered as a whole
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
rarelyadverbUS /ˈrerli/
not often
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
realmnounUS /relm/
a domain in which something is dominant
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
roadsnounUS /roʊdz/
a partly sheltered anchorage
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
seasidenounUS /ˈsiːsaɪd/
the shore of a sea or ocean regarded as a resort
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
slungverbUS /slʌŋ/
inflected form of “sling” — hurl as if with a sling
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
yielding readily to pressure or weight
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
springlessadjective
lacking in elasticity or vitality
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
springsnounUS /sprɪŋz/
plural of “spring” — the season of growth
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
sterneradjectiveUS /ˈstɜːrnər/
comparative of “stern” — of a stern or strict bearing or demeanor; forbidding in aspect
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
stonyadjectiveUS /ˈstoʊni/
abounding in rocks or stones
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
tarantass
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
belonging to the people or things already mentioned
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
the people or things already mentioned, as the object
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
three-horse
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
in the direction of
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
TsarnounUS /zɑːr/
a male monarch or emperor (especially of Russia prior to 1917)
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/
up to a particular time
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/
a formal word for “on”
From this reading Peter decided to travel in a three-horse _tarantass_, a springless carriage slung upon a pole instead of springs--comfortable enough on soft country roads, but desperately jolting on stony ones.
warningsnounUS /ˈwɔːrnɪŋz/
plural of “warning” — a message informing of danger
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/
the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
at the time that
From this reading Boris was a man after Peter's own heart, and from those early Archangel days until the end of their lives the two were rarely parted for long, excepting when the exigencies of public affairs necessitated the departure of one of them for distant portions of the realm.
used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned
From this reading Peter the Tsar had, besides, many important duties which called for his presence at the capital, Moscow; and towards the end of July it became necessary to bring his delightful seaside holiday to an end, and return to sterner duties at home.
the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
in the company of; together with
From this reading The summer in Archangel is a short one, and by the end of August autumn is in full progress, with icy warnings of winter at night-time.
a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days
From this reading Thus were laid and cemented the foundations of a friendship destined to last for many a long, history-making year.
