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Boscobel
Boscobel

Chapter VII

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Context Illustration Reading 1/70 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WHAT CHARLES BEHELD FROM THE SUMMIT OF THE CATHEDRAL TOWER.
Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.
But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.
Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.
Before night the king's fate would probably be decided.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Boscobel

Chapter VII

Reading 1/70 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WHAT CHARLES BEHELD FROM THE SUMMIT OF THE CATHEDRAL TOWER.
Line 2
Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.
Line 3
But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.
Line 4
Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.
Line 5
Before night the king's fate would probably be decided.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “Before night the king's fate would probably be decided.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.”

Dreadful adjective US /ˈdrɛdfəl/

extremely frightening or unpleasant

From this reading “Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.”

Hand noun US /hand/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.”

Must modal verb US /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading “Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.”

Over preposition US /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading “But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.”

Part noun US /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.”

Take noun US /take/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “Before night the king's fate would probably be decided.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1651

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

3rd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before night the king's fate would probably be decided.

BEHELD

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From this reading WHAT CHARLES BEHELD FROM THE SUMMIT OF THE CATHEDRAL TOWER.

bloodshed

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From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

breaking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

Brightly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

CATHEDRAL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WHAT CHARLES BEHELD FROM THE SUMMIT OF THE CATHEDRAL TOWER.

CHARLES

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From this reading WHAT CHARLES BEHELD FROM THE SUMMIT OF THE CATHEDRAL TOWER.

city

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

close

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

contest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

couches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

dawned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

decided

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before night the king's fate would probably be decided.

destined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

devoted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

dispel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

dreadfuladjectiveUS /ˈdrɛdfəl/

extremely frightening or unpleasant

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

fatal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

fate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before night the king's fate would probably be decided.

FROMprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading WHAT CHARLES BEHELD FROM THE SUMMIT OF THE CATHEDRAL TOWER.

gilded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

gladdening

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

gloom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

hand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

hanging

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

influence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

just

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

king's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before night the king's fate would probably be decided.

Men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

necessity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

night

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before night the king's fate would probably be decided.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading WHAT CHARLES BEHELD FROM THE SUMMIT OF THE CATHEDRAL TOWER.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

oppressed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

partnounUS /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

peace

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

pinnacles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

probably

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before night the king's fate would probably be decided.

rather

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

rejoicing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

restless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

sense

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

September

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

spires

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

sprang

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

strife

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

SUMMIT

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WHAT CHARLES BEHELD FROM THE SUMMIT OF THE CATHEDRAL TOWER.

sunshine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

takenounUS /take/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading WHAT CHARLES BEHELD FROM THE SUMMIT OF THE CATHEDRAL TOWER.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

TOWER

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WHAT CHARLES BEHELD FROM THE SUMMIT OF THE CATHEDRAL TOWER.

towers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the gladdening influence of the sunshine that gilded its towers, spires, and pinnacles could not dispel the gloom hanging over the devoted city.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Brightly dawned the fatal 3rd of September, 1651, as if the day just breaking were destined to be one of peace and rejoicing rather than of strife and bloodshed.

WHATpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading WHAT CHARLES BEHELD FROM THE SUMMIT OF THE CATHEDRAL TOWER.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Men sprang from their restless couches oppressed with the sense that the dreadful contest in which they must of necessity take part was close at hand.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Before night the king's fate would probably be decided.