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Boswell's Life of Johnson
Boswell's Life of Johnson

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Boswell's Life of Johnson is here in full — 268 sentences across 54 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Boswell's Life of Johnson
Context Illustration Reading 1/53 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
On Tuesday, July 26, I found Mr. Johnson alone.
It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.
JOHNSON.
'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.
To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Boswell's Life of Johnson

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Boswell's Life of Johnson is here in full — 268 sentences across 54 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/53 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
On Tuesday, July 26, I found Mr. Johnson alone.
Line 2
It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.
/ɪt wɑːz ə ˈveri wet deɪ ənd aɪ əˈɡen kəmˈpleɪnd ʌv ðə ˌdɪsəˈɡriːəbəl ɪˈfekts ʌv sʌtʃ ˈweðər/
Line 3
JOHNSON.
/ˈdʒɑːnsən/
Line 4
'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.
/sɜːr ðɪs ɪz ɔːl ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən wɪtʃ fəˈzɪʃənz enˈkɜːrɪdʒ fɔːr mæn lɪvz ɪn er æz ə fɪʃ lɪvz ɪn ˈwɔːtər soʊ ðæt ɪf ðə ˈætməsfɪr pres ˈhevi frʌm əˈbʌv ðer ɪz æn ˈiːkwəl rɪˈzɪstəns frʌm bɪˈloʊ/
Line 5
To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

complained verb US /kəmˈpleɪnd/

past form of “complain” — express complaints, discontent, displeasure, or unhappiness

From this reading “It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.”

disagreeable adjective US /ˌdɪsəˈɡriːəbəl/

not to your liking

From this reading “It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.”

encourage verb US /enˈkɜːrɪdʒ/

contribute to the progress or growth of

From this reading “'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.”

physicians noun US /fəˈzɪʃənz/

plural of “physician” — a licensed medical practitioner

From this reading “'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.”

rainy adjective US /ˈreɪni/

(of weather) wet by periods of rain

From this reading “To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.”

resistance noun US /rɪˈzɪstəns/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading “'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.”

taylor noun US /ˈteɪlər/

United States composer and music critic (1885-1966)

From this reading “To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.”

Tuesday noun US /ˈtuːzdi/

the third day of the week; the second working day

From this reading “On Tuesday, July 26, I found Mr. Johnson alone.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

rainy weather adjective + noun

In this reading “To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.”

bad weather adjective + noun

weather unsuitable for outdoor activities

In this reading “To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.”

open air verb + noun

where the air is unconfined

In this reading “To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.”

complained of verb + particle counted as “complain of”

In this reading “It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

26

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On Tuesday, July 26, I found Mr. Johnson alone.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

abroadadverbUS /əˈbrɔːd/

to or in a foreign country

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading On Tuesday, July 26, I found Mr. Johnson alone.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

atmospherenounUS /ˈætməsfɪr/

a particular environment or surrounding influence

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

badadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

complainedverbUS /kəmˈpleɪnd/

past form of “complain” — express complaints, discontent, displeasure, or unhappiness

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

disagreeableadjectiveUS /ˌdɪsəˈɡriːəbəl/

not to your liking

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

doorsnounUS /dɔːrz/

plural of “door” — a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

effectsnounUS /ɪˈfekts/

property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

encourageverbUS /enˈkɜːrɪdʒ/

contribute to the progress or growth of

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

equalverbUS /ˈiːkwəl/

be identical or equivalent to

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

fishnounUS /fɪʃ/

any of various mostly cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading On Tuesday, July 26, I found Mr. Johnson alone.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading On Tuesday, July 26, I found Mr. Johnson alone.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

imaginationnounUS /ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən/

the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

JohnsonnounUS /ˈdʒɑːnsən/

English writer and lexicographer (1709-1784)

From this reading On Tuesday, July 26, I found Mr. Johnson alone.

JulynounUS /ˌdʒuːˈlaɪ/

the month following June and preceding August

From this reading On Tuesday, July 26, I found Mr. Johnson alone.

labournounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading On Tuesday, July 26, I found Mr. Johnson alone.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On Tuesday, July 26, I found Mr. Johnson alone.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

physiciansnounUS /fəˈzɪʃənz/

plural of “physician” — a licensed medical practitioner

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

pressverbUS /pres/

exert pressure or force to or upon

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

rainyadjectiveUS /ˈreɪni/

(of weather) wet by periods of rain

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

resistancenounUS /rɪˈzɪstəns/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

smithnounUS /smɪθ/

Rhodesian statesman who declared independence of Zimbabwe from Great Britain (born in 1919)

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

surelyadverbUS /ˈʃʊrli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

taylornounUS /ˈteɪlər/

United States composer and music critic (1885-1966)

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

TuesdaynounUS /ˈtuːzdi/

the third day of the week; the second working day

From this reading On Tuesday, July 26, I found Mr. Johnson alone.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

weathernounUS /ˈweðər/

the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

wetadjectiveUS /wet/

covered or soaked with a liquid such as water

From this reading It was a very wet day, and I again complained of the disagreeable effects of such weather.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading 'Sir, this is all imagination, which physicians encourage; for man lives in air, as a fish lives in water; so that if the atmosphere press heavy from above, there is an equal resistance from below.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading To be sure, bad weather is hard upon people who are obliged to be abroad; and men cannot labour so well in the open air in bad weather, as in good: but, Sir, a smith or a taylor, whose work is within doors, will surely do as much in rainy weather, as in fair.

Chapter 8 of Boswell's Life of Johnson by James Boswell holds 268 sentences, grouped into 54 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Boswell's Life of Johnson contain?

Chapter 8 holds 268 sentences of Boswell's Life of Johnson, unabridged, divided into 54 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Boswell's Life of Johnson by James Boswell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 268 sentences, grouped into 54 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Boswell's Life of Johnson?

Work through the 54 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 54 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Boswell's Life of Johnson

Common questions about reading Boswell's Life of Johnson by James Boswell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Boswell's Life of Johnson?

Yes. All 10543 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1564 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Boswell's Life of Johnson is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1564, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Boswell's Life of Johnson take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2109 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Boswell's Life of Johnson section by section

How to work through Boswell's Life of Johnson section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Boswell's Life of Johnson to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Boswell's Life of Johnson

Words and structures a reader meets early in Boswell's Life of Johnson, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Abridged
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boswell's Life of Johnson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boswell's Life of Johnson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boswell's Life of Johnson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Professor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boswell's Life of Johnson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.