Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and
Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and is here in full — 268 sentences across 54 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and
Context Illustration Reading 1/53 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.
On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.
'TO JAMES BOSWELL, ESQ.
'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.
Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and is here in full — 268 sentences across 54 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/53 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.
Line 2
On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.
Line 3
'TO JAMES BOSWELL, ESQ.
Line 4
'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.
Line 5
Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

acknowledgement noun US /ækˈnɑːlɪdʒmənt/

the state or quality of being recognized or acknowledged

From this reading “Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.”

boswell noun US /ˈbɑːzwel/

Scottish author noted for his biography of Samuel Johnson (1740-1795)

From this reading “'TO JAMES BOSWELL, ESQ.”

bustle noun US /ˈbʌsəl/

a rapid active commotion

From this reading “'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.”

complaining adjective US /kəmˈpleɪnɪŋ/

expressing pain or dissatisfaction of resentment

From this reading “On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.”

February noun US /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading “On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.”

marmalade noun US /ˈmɑːrməleɪd/

a preserve made of the pulp and rind of citrus fruits

From this reading “Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.”

negligent adjective US /ˈneɡlədʒənt/

characterized by neglect and undue lack of concern

From this reading “'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.”

ordering noun US /ˈɔːrdərɪŋ/

logical or comprehensible arrangement of separate elements

From this reading “Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

22nd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

23rd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

acknowledgementnounUS /ækˈnɑːlɪdʒmənt/

the state or quality of being recognized or acknowledged

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

announcedadjectiveUS /əˈnaʊnst/

declared publicly; made widely known

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

BOSWELLnounUS /ˈbɑːzwel/

Scottish author noted for his biography of Samuel Johnson (1740-1795)

From this reading 'TO JAMES BOSWELL, ESQ.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

bustlenounUS /ˈbʌsəl/

a rapid active commotion

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

caredverbUS /kerd/

past form of “care” — feel concern or interest

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

complainingadjectiveUS /kəmˈpleɪnɪŋ/

expressing pain or dissatisfaction of resentment

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

concerningverbUS /kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “concern” — be relevant to

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

delightverbUS /dɪˈlaɪt/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

ESQnoun

a title of respect for a member of the English gentry ranking just below a knight; placed after the name

From this reading 'TO JAMES BOSWELL, ESQ.

FebruarynounUS /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

Francis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

illadjectiveUS /ɪl/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

informationnounUS /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/

a message received and understood

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

intentionnounUS /ˌɪnˈtentʃən/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

JAMESnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading 'TO JAMES BOSWELL, ESQ.

JanuarynounUS /ˈdʒænjuːeri/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

LivesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

marmaladenounUS /ˈmɑːrməleɪd/

a preserve made of the pulp and rind of citrus fruits

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

mentionedverbUS /ˈmenʃənd/

past form of “mention” — make reference to

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

negligentadjectiveUS /ˈneɡlədʒənt/

characterized by neglect and undue lack of concern

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

orderingnounUS /ˈɔːrdərɪŋ/

logical or comprehensible arrangement of separate elements

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

permitnounUS /pərˈmɪt/

a legal document giving official permission to do something

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

PoetsnounUS /ˈpoʊəts/

plural of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

proofnounUS /pruːf/

any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

servantnounUS /ˈsɜːrvənt/

a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

sheetsnounUS /ʃiːts/

plural of “sheet” — any broad thin expanse or surface

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

silencenounUS /ˈsaɪ.ləns/

Complete absence of sound; a state of quietness and stillness.

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

SIRnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

spareverbUS /sper/

refrain from harming

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

Thrale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

topicks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading Thrale, you may be sure, cared not about it; and I shall spare Francis the trouble, by ordering a set both of the Lives and Poets to dear Mrs. Boswell,* in acknowledgement of her marmalade.

unnecessaryadjectiveUS /ənˈnesəseri/

not necessary

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On the 23rd of February I wrote to him again, complaining of his silence, as I had heard he was ill, and had written to Mr. Thrale, for information concerning him; and I announced my intention of soon being again in London.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

WhynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

wroteverbUS /roʊt/

inflected form of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading On the 22nd of January, I wrote to him on several topicks, and mentioned that as he had been so good as to permit me to have the proof sheets of his Lives of the Poets, I had written to his servant, Francis, to take care of them for me.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading 'DEAR SIR,--Why should you take such delight to make a bustle, to write to Mr. Thrale that I am negligent, and to Francis to do what is so very unnecessary.

Chapter 31 of Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and by James Boswell holds 268 sentences, grouped into 54 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and contain?

Chapter 31 holds 268 sentences of Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and, unabridged, divided into 54 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and by James Boswell exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 268 sentences, grouped into 54 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and?

Work through the 54 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 54 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and

Common questions about reading Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and by James Boswell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and?

Yes. All 10543 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1564 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1564, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2109 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and section by section

How to work through Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and

Words and structures a reader meets early in Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Abridged
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Professor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boswell's Life of Johnson Abridged and; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.