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Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln
Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln is here in full — 144 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln
Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.
Little Abe was nearly eight years old at this time.
It was a long, hard trip.
They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.
There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln is here in full — 144 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.
Line 2
Little Abe was nearly eight years old at this time.
Line 3
It was a long, hard trip.
/ɪt wɑːz ə lɔːŋ hɑːrd trɪp/
Line 4
They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.
/ðeɪ sed ɡʊd baɪ tuː ðer oʊld hoʊm ənd frendz ənd wɪð ðer ɡʊdz ɑːn ə ˈwæɡən drɔːn baɪ ˈɑːksən ˈsloʊli muːvd əˈlɔːŋ/
Line 5
There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.
/ðer wɜːr noʊ sʌtʃ roʊdz æz wiː hæv ˈɔːfən ðer wɑːz ˈoʊnli ə pæθ θruː ðə wʊdz ənd æt ˈʌðər taɪmz ðeɪ hæd tuː kʌt daʊn triːz ənd ter əˈweɪ ˈʌndərbrʌʃ tuː ɡet θruː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bye noun US /baɪ/

an automatic advance to the next round in a tournament without playing an opponent

From this reading “They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.”

Indiana noun US /ˌɪndiˈænə/

a state in midwestern United States

From this reading “The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.”

Lincoln noun US /ˈlɪŋkən/

16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

From this reading “The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.”

oxen noun US /ˈɑːksən/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading “They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.”

roads noun US /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading “There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.”

Spencer noun US /ˈspensər/

English philosopher and sociologist who applied the theory of natural selection to human societies (1820-1903)

From this reading “The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.”

underbrush noun US /ˈʌndərbrʌʃ/

the brush (small trees and bushes and ferns etc.) growing beneath taller trees in a wood or forest

From this reading “There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.”

wagon noun US /ˈwæɡən/

any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading “They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

good bye adjective + noun

In this reading “They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.”

eight years adjective + noun

In this reading “Little Abe was nearly eight years old at this time.”

through the woods preposition + article + noun counted as “through … woods”

In this reading “There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.”

nearly eight adverb + adjective

In this reading “Little Abe was nearly eight years old at this time.”

southern part adjective + noun

In this reading “The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.”

cut down verb + adjective

cut down on; make a reduction in

In this reading “There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.”

other times adjective + noun

In this reading “There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.”

slowly moved adverb + adjective

In this reading “They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.”

All words in this reading · 76

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1816

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was a long, hard trip.

Abe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Little Abe was nearly eight years old at this time.

admittedverbUS /ədˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “admit” — declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Little Abe was nearly eight years old at this time.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

byenounUS /baɪ/

an automatic advance to the next round in a tournament without playing an opponent

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

countynounUS /ˈkaʊnti/

(United Kingdom) a region created by territorial division for the purpose of local government

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading Little Abe was nearly eight years old at this time.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

goodsnounUS /ɡʊdz/

plural of “good” — benefit

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading It was a long, hard trip.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

IndiananounUS /ˌɪndiˈænə/

a state in midwestern United States

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a long, hard trip.

LincolnnounUS /ˈlɪŋkən/

16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

LittleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Little Abe was nearly eight years old at this time.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading It was a long, hard trip.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Little Abe was nearly eight years old at this time.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Little Abe was nearly eight years old at this time.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

oxennounUS /ˈɑːksən/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

pathnounUS /pæθ/

a course of conduct

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

roadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

southernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

SpencernounUS /ˈspensər/

English philosopher and sociologist who applied the theory of natural selection to human societies (1820-1903)

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

tearverbUS /ter/

separate or cause to separate abruptly

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Little Abe was nearly eight years old at this time.

ThomasnounUS /ˈtɑːməs/

United States clockmaker who introduced mass production (1785-1859)

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Little Abe was nearly eight years old at this time.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

tripnounUS /trɪp/

a journey for some purpose (usually including the return)

From this reading It was a long, hard trip.

underbrushnounUS /ˈʌndərbrʌʃ/

the brush (small trees and bushes and ferns etc.) growing beneath taller trees in a wood or forest

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

UnionnounUS /ˈjuːnjən/

an organization of employees formed to bargain with the employer

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

wagonnounUS /ˈwæɡən/

any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading They said good bye to their old home and friends and with their goods on a wagon drawn by oxen, slowly moved along.

woodsnounUS /wʊdz/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading There were no such roads as we have; often there was only a path through the woods and at other times they had to cut down trees and tear away underbrush to get through.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading The year Indiana was admitted into the Union, 1816, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to Spencer county in the southern part of that state.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Little Abe was nearly eight years old at this time.

Chapter 2 of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln by James H. Shaw holds 144 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln contain?

Chapter 2 holds 144 sentences of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln by James H. Shaw exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 144 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln

Common questions about reading Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln by James H. Shaw on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln?

Yes. All 1001 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35009 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35009, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln take to read?

About 83 minutes of reading across 201 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln section by section

How to work through Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln

Words and structures a reader meets early in Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Writer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lecture
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.