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Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln
Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln is here in full — 102 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln
Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
While Abraham clerked in Mr. Offut's store he studied hard.
Some one told him he ought to study grammar.
In all the neighborhood there was but one grammar.
He heard where it was, and started off at once, and got Kirkham's grammar.
He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln is here in full — 102 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
While Abraham clerked in Mr. Offut's store he studied hard.
Line 2
Some one told him he ought to study grammar.
/sʌm wʌn toʊld hɪm hiː ɔːt tuː ˈstʌdi ˈɡræmər/
Line 3
In all the neighborhood there was but one grammar.
/ɪn ɔːl ðə ˈneɪbərhʊd ðer wɑːz bʌt wʌn ˈɡræmər/
Line 4
He heard where it was, and started off at once, and got Kirkham's grammar.
Line 5
He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.
/hiː əˈplaɪd hɪmˈself tuː ˈlɜːrnɪŋ ɪt ənd wʊd rəˈsaɪt tuː hɪz frend ɡriːn ənd ðen wʊd kənˈsʌlt ðə skuːl ˈtiːtʃər ˈmɪstər ˈɡreɪəm əˈbaʊt pɔɪnts/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Abraham noun US /ˈeɪbrəhæm/

the first of the Old Testament patriarchs and the father of Isaac; according to Genesis, God promised to give Abraham's family (the Hebrews) the land of Canaan (the Promised Land); God tested Abraham by asking him to sacrifice his son

From this reading “While Abraham clerked in Mr. Offut's store he studied hard.”

applied adjective US /əˈplaɪd/

concerned with concrete problems or data rather than with fundamental principles

From this reading “He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.”

consult verb US /kənˈsʌlt/

get or ask advice from

From this reading “He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.”

Graham noun US /ˈɡreɪəm/

United States evangelical preacher famous as a mass evangelist (born in 1918)

From this reading “He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.”

grammar noun US /ˈɡræmər/

the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology (and sometimes also deals with semantics)

From this reading “Some one told him he ought to study grammar.”

neighborhood noun US /ˈneɪbərhʊd/

a surrounding or nearby region

From this reading “In all the neighborhood there was but one grammar.”

recite verb US /rəˈsaɪt/

recite in elocution

From this reading “He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.”

teacher noun US /ˈtiːtʃər/

a person whose occupation is teaching

From this reading “He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

school teacher noun + noun

a teacher in a school below the college level

In this reading “He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.”

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “He heard where it was, and started off at once, and got Kirkham's grammar.”

started off verb + particle counted as “start off”

In this reading “He heard where it was, and started off at once, and got Kirkham's grammar.”

All words in this reading · 49

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

AbrahamnounUS /ˈeɪbrəhæm/

the first of the Old Testament patriarchs and the father of Isaac; according to Genesis, God promised to give Abraham's family (the Hebrews) the land of Canaan (the Promised Land); God tested Abraham by asking him to sacrifice his son

From this reading While Abraham clerked in Mr. Offut's store he studied hard.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading In all the neighborhood there was but one grammar.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He heard where it was, and started off at once, and got Kirkham's grammar.

appliedadjectiveUS /əˈplaɪd/

concerned with concrete problems or data rather than with fundamental principles

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He heard where it was, and started off at once, and got Kirkham's grammar.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In all the neighborhood there was but one grammar.

clerked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While Abraham clerked in Mr. Offut's store he studied hard.

consultverbUS /kənˈsʌlt/

get or ask advice from

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading He heard where it was, and started off at once, and got Kirkham's grammar.

GrahamnounUS /ˈɡreɪəm/

United States evangelical preacher famous as a mass evangelist (born in 1918)

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

grammarnounUS /ˈɡræmər/

the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology (and sometimes also deals with semantics)

From this reading Some one told him he ought to study grammar.

GreennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading While Abraham clerked in Mr. Offut's store he studied hard.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading While Abraham clerked in Mr. Offut's store he studied hard.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading He heard where it was, and started off at once, and got Kirkham's grammar.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Some one told him he ought to study grammar.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading While Abraham clerked in Mr. Offut's store he studied hard.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He heard where it was, and started off at once, and got Kirkham's grammar.

Kirkham's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He heard where it was, and started off at once, and got Kirkham's grammar.

learningnounUS /ˈlɜːrnɪŋ/

the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading While Abraham clerked in Mr. Offut's store he studied hard.

neighborhoodnounUS /ˈneɪbərhʊd/

a surrounding or nearby region

From this reading In all the neighborhood there was but one grammar.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading He heard where it was, and started off at once, and got Kirkham's grammar.

Offut's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While Abraham clerked in Mr. Offut's store he studied hard.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading He heard where it was, and started off at once, and got Kirkham's grammar.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Some one told him he ought to study grammar.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading Some one told him he ought to study grammar.

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

reciteverbUS /rəˈsaɪt/

recite in elocution

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some one told him he ought to study grammar.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading He heard where it was, and started off at once, and got Kirkham's grammar.

storenounUS /stɔːr/

a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading While Abraham clerked in Mr. Offut's store he studied hard.

studiedadjectiveUS /ˈstʌdid/

produced or marked by conscious design or premeditation

From this reading While Abraham clerked in Mr. Offut's store he studied hard.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading Some one told him he ought to study grammar.

teachernounUS /ˈtiːtʃər/

a person whose occupation is teaching

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In all the neighborhood there was but one grammar.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading In all the neighborhood there was but one grammar.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Some one told him he ought to study grammar.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Some one told him he ought to study grammar.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In all the neighborhood there was but one grammar.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading He heard where it was, and started off at once, and got Kirkham's grammar.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading While Abraham clerked in Mr. Offut's store he studied hard.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He applied himself to learning it, and would recite to his friend, Green, and then would consult the school teacher, Mr. Graham about points.

Chapter 4 of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln by James H. Shaw holds 102 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln contain?

Chapter 4 holds 102 sentences of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln by James H. Shaw exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 102 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln

Common questions about reading Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln by James H. Shaw on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln?

Yes. All 1001 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35009 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35009, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln take to read?

About 83 minutes of reading across 201 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln section by section

How to work through Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 5 chapters of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln

Words and structures a reader meets early in Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Writer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lecture
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys' and Girls' Biography of Abraham Lincoln; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.