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Boys and Girls Bookshelf
Boys and Girls Bookshelf

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of Boys and Girls Bookshelf is here in full — 423 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
And the Winter grew cold, very cold!
The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.
It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.
At last it became exhausted, and lay quite still, and thus froze fast into the ice.
Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Boys and Girls Bookshelf

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of Boys and Girls Bookshelf is here in full — 423 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
And the Winter grew cold, very cold!
/ənd ðə ˈwɪntər ɡruː koʊld ˈveri koʊld/
Line 2
The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.
/ðə ˈdʌklɪŋ wɑːz fɔːrst tuː swɪm əˈbaʊt ɪn ðə ˈwɔːtər tuː prɪˈvent ðə ˈsɜːrfəs frʌm ˈfriːzɪŋ ɪnˈtaɪərli bʌt ˈevəri naɪt ðə hoʊl ɪn wɪtʃ ɪt swæm əˈbaʊt bɪˈkeɪm ˈsmɔːlər ənd ˈsmɔːlər/
Line 3
It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.
/ɪt froʊz soʊ hɑːrd ðæt ðə ˈaɪsi ˈkʌvərɪŋ krækt əˈɡen ənd ðə ˈdʌklɪŋ wɑːz əˈblaɪdʒd tuː juːs ɪts leɡz kənˈtɪnjuːəli tuː prɪˈvent ðə hoʊl frʌm ˈfriːzɪŋ ʌp/
Line 4
At last it became exhausted, and lay quite still, and thus froze fast into the ice.
/æt læst ɪt bɪˈkeɪm ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd ənd leɪ kwaɪt stɪl ənd ðʌs froʊz fæst ˈɪntuː ðə aɪs/
Line 5
Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cracked adjective US /krækt/

used of skin roughened as a result of cold or exposure

From this reading “It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.”

Duckling noun US /ˈdʌklɪŋ/

flesh of a young domestic duck

From this reading “The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.”

freezing noun US /ˈfriːzɪŋ/

the withdrawal of heat to change something from a liquid to a solid

From this reading “The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.”

froze verb US /froʊz/

inflected form of “freeze” — stop moving or become immobilized

From this reading “It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.”

icy adjective US /ˈaɪsi/

devoid of warmth and cordiality; expressive of unfriendliness or disdain

From this reading “It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.”

shoe noun US /ʃuː/

footwear shaped to fit the foot (below the ankle) with a flexible upper of leather or plastic and a sole and heel of heavier material

From this reading “Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.”

swam verb US /swæm/

inflected form of “swim” — travel through water

From this reading “The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.”

swim verb US /swɪm/

travel through water

From this reading “The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And the Winter grew cold, very cold!

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At last it became exhausted, and lay quite still, and thus froze fast into the ice.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

brokeadjectiveUS /broʊk/

lacking funds

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading And the Winter grew cold, very cold!

continuallyadverbUS /kənˈtɪnjuːəli/

seemingly without interruption

From this reading It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.

coveringnounUS /ˈkʌvərɪŋ/

a natural object that covers or envelops

From this reading It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.

crackedadjectiveUS /krækt/

used of skin roughened as a result of cold or exposure

From this reading It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.

DucklingnounUS /ˈdʌklɪŋ/

flesh of a young domestic duck

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

EarlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

exhaustedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading At last it became exhausted, and lay quite still, and thus froze fast into the ice.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading At last it became exhausted, and lay quite still, and thus froze fast into the ice.

forcedadjectiveUS /fɔːrst/

produced by or subjected to forcing

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

freezingnounUS /ˈfriːzɪŋ/

the withdrawal of heat to change something from a liquid to a solid

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

frozeverbUS /froʊz/

inflected form of “freeze” — stop moving or become immobilized

From this reading It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading And the Winter grew cold, very cold!

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

happenedverbUS /ˈhæpənd/

past form of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

holenounUS /hoʊl/

an opening into or through something

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

icenounUS /aɪs/

water frozen in the solid state

From this reading At last it became exhausted, and lay quite still, and thus froze fast into the ice.

ice-crust

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

icyadjectiveUS /ˈaɪsi/

devoid of warmth and cordiality; expressive of unfriendliness or disdain

From this reading It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading At last it became exhausted, and lay quite still, and thus froze fast into the ice.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading At last it became exhausted, and lay quite still, and thus froze fast into the ice.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading At last it became exhausted, and lay quite still, and thus froze fast into the ice.

legsnounUS /leɡz/

staying power

From this reading It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

obligedadjectiveUS /əˈblaɪdʒd/

under a moral obligation to do something

From this reading It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.

peasantnounUS /ˈpezənt/

a country person

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

piecesnounUS /ˈpiːsəz/

plural of “piece” — a separate part of a whole

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

preventverbUS /prɪˈvent/

keep from happening or arising; make impossible

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading At last it became exhausted, and lay quite still, and thus froze fast into the ice.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

shoenounUS /ʃuː/

footwear shaped to fit the foot (below the ankle) with a flexible upper of leather or plastic and a sole and heel of heavier material

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

smalleradjectiveUS /ˈsmɔːlər/

small or little relative to something else

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading At last it became exhausted, and lay quite still, and thus froze fast into the ice.

surfacenounUS /ˈsɜːrfəs/

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

swamverbUS /swæm/

inflected form of “swim” — travel through water

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

swimverbUS /swɪm/

travel through water

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading And the Winter grew cold, very cold!

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading At last it became exhausted, and lay quite still, and thus froze fast into the ice.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading It froze so hard that the icy covering cracked again; and the Duckling was obliged to use its legs continually to prevent the hole from freezing up.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading And the Winter grew cold, very cold!

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The Duckling was forced to swim about in the water, to prevent the surface from freezing entirely; but every night the hole in which it swam about became smaller and smaller.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

WinternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading And the Winter grew cold, very cold!

woodenadjectiveUS /ˈwʊdən/

made or consisting of (entirely or in part) or employing wood

From this reading Early in the morning a peasant came by, and when he saw what had happened, he took his wooden shoe, broke the ice-crust to pieces, and carried the Duckling home to his wife.

Chapter 19 of Boys and Girls Bookshelf by Various holds 423 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of Boys and Girls Bookshelf contain?

Chapter 19 holds 423 sentences of Boys and Girls Bookshelf, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of Boys and Girls Bookshelf by Various exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 423 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of Boys and Girls Bookshelf?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Boys and Girls Bookshelf

Common questions about reading Boys and Girls Bookshelf by Various on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Boys and Girls Bookshelf?

Yes. All 11613 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #29386 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Boys and Girls Bookshelf is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #29386, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Boys and Girls Bookshelf take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2323 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Boys and Girls Bookshelf

Words and structures a reader meets early in Boys and Girls Bookshelf, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Practical
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys and Girls Bookshelf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Character
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys and Girls Bookshelf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Building
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys and Girls Bookshelf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thought
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys and Girls Bookshelf; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.