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Boys of the Light Brigade
Boys of the Light Brigade

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Boys of the Light Brigade is here in full — 412 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.
Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.
If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.
On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.
In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Boys of the Light Brigade

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Boys of the Light Brigade is here in full — 412 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.
Line 2
Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.
Line 3
If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.
Line 4
On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.
Line 5
In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

admittance noun US /ədˈmɪtəns/

the right to enter

From this reading “If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.”

arouse verb US /ərˈaʊz/

call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)

From this reading “In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.”

feat noun US /fiːt/

a notable achievement

From this reading “If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.”

hazardous adjective US /ˈhæzərdəs/

involving risk or danger

From this reading “If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.”

intact adjective US /ˌɪnˈtækt/

constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged

From this reading “If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.”

Junta noun US /ˈhʊntə/

a group of military officers who rule a country after seizing power

From this reading “Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.”

mastering noun US /ˈmæstərɪŋ/

becoming proficient in the use of something; having mastery of

From this reading “On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.”

Seville noun US /səˈvɪl/

a city in southwestern Spain; a major port and cultural center; the capital of bullfighting in Spain

From this reading “Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

gained admittance verb + noun counted as “gain admittance”

In this reading “If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.”

arouse suspicion verb + noun

In this reading “In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.”

pass through verb + particle

make a passage or journey from one place to another

In this reading “On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.”

other hand adjective + noun

In this reading “On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.”

without leaving preposition + noun

In this reading “In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.

admittancenounUS /ədˈmɪtəns/

the right to enter

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

arouseverbUS /ərˈaʊz/

call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)

From this reading In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.

assurancenounUS /əˈʃʊrəns/

freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.

contentsnounUS /ˈkɑːntents/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

despatchverb

send away towards a designated goal

From this reading Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.

featnounUS /fiːt/

a notable achievement

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.

gainedverbUS /ɡeɪnd/

past form of “gain” — obtain

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

hazardousadjectiveUS /ˈhæzərdəs/

involving risk or danger

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

intactadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtækt/

constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

JuntanounUS /ˈhʊntə/

a group of military officers who rule a country after seizing power

From this reading Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.

likelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪkli/

has a good chance of being the case or of coming about

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

linesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

masteringnounUS /ˈmæstərɪŋ/

becoming proficient in the use of something; having mastery of

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.

Miguel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.

Miguel's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

Palafox

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

SevillenounUS /səˈvɪl/

a city in southwestern Spain; a major port and cultural center; the capital of bullfighting in Spain

From this reading Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.

SpaniardnounUS /ˈspænjərd/

a native or inhabitant of Spain

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

spyverbUS /spaɪ/

catch sight of

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

SupremeadjectiveUS /səˈpriːm/

final or last in your life or progress

From this reading Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.

suspicionnounUS /səˈspɪʃən/

an impression that something might be the case

From this reading In that case they must have found means to open and read it, without leaving anything to arouse suspicion in the mind of Palafox when he received it.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Miguel had certainly brought to Palafox a despatch from the Supreme Junta at Seville.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.

treacherynounUS /ˈtretʃ.ər.i/

Betrayal of trust; deceptive action or disloyalty against a host or ally.

From this reading There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

wantedadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːntɪd/

desired or wished for or sought

From this reading There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was only one thing wanted to complete his assurance of Miguel’s treachery.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading If he were a true Spaniard, and had really gained admittance to the city by a hazardous feat of arms, the despatch must have been intact when Palafox received it.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading On the other hand, if Miguel was a spy, in the pay of the French, it was little likely that they would have allowed a despatch to pass through their lines without mastering its contents.

Chapter 15 of Boys of the Light Brigade by Herbert Strang holds 412 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of Boys of the Light Brigade contain?

Chapter 15 holds 412 sentences of Boys of the Light Brigade, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of Boys of the Light Brigade by Herbert Strang exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 412 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of Boys of the Light Brigade?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Boys of the Light Brigade

Common questions about reading Boys of the Light Brigade by Herbert Strang on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Boys of the Light Brigade?

Yes. All 8281 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #44190 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Boys of the Light Brigade is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #44190, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Boys of the Light Brigade take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1657 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Boys of the Light Brigade section by section

How to work through Boys of the Light Brigade section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Boys of the Light Brigade

Words and structures a reader meets early in Boys of the Light Brigade, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys of the Light Brigade; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys of the Light Brigade; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Peninsular
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys of the Light Brigade; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Boys of the Light Brigade; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.