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Brave Old Salt
Brave Old Salt

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Brave Old Salt is here in full — 169 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Brave Old Salt
Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE CHIEF CONSPIRATOR.
Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.
He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.
He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.
For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Brave Old Salt

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Brave Old Salt is here in full — 169 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE CHIEF CONSPIRATOR.
/ðə tʃiːf kənˈspɪrətər/
Line 2
Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.
Line 3
He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.
/hiː ˈɡloʊtɪd ˈoʊvər hɪz ˈvɪktəm æz ðə ˈiːvəl wʌn maɪt biː səˈpoʊzd tuː duː ˈoʊvər ə soʊl rentʃt frʌm truːθ ənd ˈvɝː.tʃuː/
Line 4
He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.
Line 5
For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

complicity noun US /kəmˈplɪsəti/

guilt as an accomplice in a crime or offense

From this reading “Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.”

conspirator noun US /kənˈspɪrətər/

a member of a conspiracy

From this reading “THE CHIEF CONSPIRATOR.”

exposing verb US /ɪkˈspoʊzɪŋ/

-ing form of “expose” — expose or make accessible to some action or influence

From this reading “For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.”

gloated verb US /ˈɡloʊtɪd/

past form of “gloat” — dwell on with satisfaction

From this reading “He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.”

imprudent adjective US /ˌɪmˈpruːdənt/

not prudent or wise

From this reading “For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.”

machinations noun US /ˌmækəˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “machination” — a crafty and involved plot to achieve your (usually sinister) ends

From this reading “For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.”

malignant adjective US /məˈlɪɡnənt/

dangerous to health; characterized by progressive and uncontrolled growth (especially of a tumor)

From this reading “Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.”

wrenched verb US /rentʃt/

past form of “wrench” — twist or pull violently or suddenly, especially so as to remove (something) from that to which it is attached or from where it originates

From this reading “He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

first time adjective + noun

In this reading “For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.”

wrenched from verb + particle counted as “wrench from”

In this reading “He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

acknowledgedadjectiveUS /ækˈnɑːlɪdʒd/

recognized or made known or admitted

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.

betrayverbUS /bɪˈtreɪ/

reveal unintentionally

From this reading He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.

CHIEFnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading THE CHIEF CONSPIRATOR.

complicitynounUS /kəmˈplɪsəti/

guilt as an accomplice in a crime or offense

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

CONSPIRATORnounUS /kənˈspɪrətər/

a member of a conspiracy

From this reading THE CHIEF CONSPIRATOR.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.

evilnounUS /ˈiːvəl/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

exposingverbUS /ɪkˈspoʊzɪŋ/

-ing form of “expose” — expose or make accessible to some action or influence

From this reading For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

gloatedverbUS /ˈɡloʊtɪd/

past form of “gloat” — dwell on with satisfaction

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

imprudentadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpruːdənt/

not prudent or wise

From this reading For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

LieutenantnounUS /luːˈtenənt/

a commissioned military officer

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

machinationsnounUS /ˌmækəˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “machination” — a crafty and involved plot to achieve your (usually sinister) ends

From this reading For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.

malignantadjectiveUS /məˈlɪɡnənt/

dangerous to health; characterized by progressive and uncontrolled growth (especially of a tumor)

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

Pillgrim

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.

rattledadjectiveUS /ˈrætəld/

thrown into a state of agitated confusion; (“rattled” is an informal term)

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

realizedadjectiveUS /ˈriːəlaɪzd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.

resentverbUS /rɪˈzent/

feel bitter or indignant about

From this reading He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.

sentencesnounUS /ˈsentənsəz/

plural of “sentence” — a string of words satisfying the grammatical rules of a language

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

smileverbUS /smaɪl/

change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

Somers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE CHIEF CONSPIRATOR.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading For the first time Somers realized that he had been imprudent in exposing himself to the machinations of these evil men.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

treasonnounUS /ˈtriːzən/

a crime that undermines the offender's government

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

triumphnounUS /ˈtraɪəmf/

a successful ending of a struggle or contest

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

tyrannynounUS /ˈtɪrəni/

a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

From this reading He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.

victimnounUS /ˈvɪktəm/

an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

virtuenounUS /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading He believed that he had Somers in a position where he could not betray him, or even resent his tyranny.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Lieutenant Pillgrim rattled off the sentences in which he acknowledged his complicity with treason with a smile of malignant triumph on his face.

wrenchedverbUS /rentʃt/

past form of “wrench” — twist or pull violently or suddenly, especially so as to remove (something) from that to which it is attached or from where it originates

From this reading He gloated over his victim as the evil one might be supposed to do over a soul wrenched from truth and virtue.

Chapter 10 of Brave Old Salt by Oliver Optic holds 169 sentences, grouped into 34 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Brave Old Salt contain?

Chapter 10 holds 169 sentences of Brave Old Salt, unabridged, divided into 34 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Brave Old Salt by Oliver Optic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 169 sentences, grouped into 34 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Brave Old Salt?

Work through the 34 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 34 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Brave Old Salt

Common questions about reading Brave Old Salt by Oliver Optic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Brave Old Salt?

Yes. All 4388 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37907 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Brave Old Salt is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37907, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Brave Old Salt take to read?

About 365 minutes of reading across 878 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Brave Old Salt section by section

How to work through Brave Old Salt section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Brave Old Salt to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Brave Old Salt

Words and structures a reader meets early in Brave Old Salt, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Quarter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brave Old Salt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brave Old Salt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brave Old Salt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rebellion
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brave Old Salt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.