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Brave Old Salt
Brave Old Salt

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Brave Old Salt is here in full — 144 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE PICKET BOAT.
Through the deep darkness and the dense fog the boat made its way.
There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.
He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.
The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Brave Old Salt

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Brave Old Salt is here in full — 144 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE PICKET BOAT.
/ðə ˈpɪkɪt boʊt/
Line 2
Through the deep darkness and the dense fog the boat made its way.
/θruː ðə diːp ˈdɑːrknəs ənd ðə dens fɑːɡ ðə boʊt meɪd ɪts weɪ/
Line 3
There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.
Line 4
He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.
Line 5
The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.
/ðə jʌŋ kəˈmændər ʌv ðə ˌekspəˈdɪʃən hoʊpt tuː straɪk ə ˈsɜːrtən pɔɪnt ʌv ðə lænd tuː ðə ˈiːstwərd ʌv ðə fɔːrt ɑːn ˈmoʊbəl pɔɪnt ˈdɪstənt faɪv ənd ə hæf maɪlz frʌm ðə ʃɪp/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

currents noun US /ˈkɜːrənts/

plural of “current” — a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading “He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.”

estimated verb US /ˈestəmeɪtəd/

past form of “estimate” — judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time)

From this reading “He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.”

Mobile adjective US /ˈmoʊbəl/

migratory

From this reading “The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.”

nicest adjective US /ˈnaɪsɪst/

superlative of “nice” — pleasant or pleasing or agreeable in nature or appearance

From this reading “He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.”

picket noun US /ˈpɪkɪt/

a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

From this reading “THE PICKET BOAT.”

practicable adjective US /ˈpræktəkəbəl/

usable for a specific purpose

From this reading “He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.”

soften verb US /ˈsɑːfən/

make (images or sounds) soft or softer

From this reading “There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.”

solicitude noun US /səˈlɪsɪtuːd/

a feeling of excessive concern

From this reading “There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

dense fog adjective + noun

In this reading “Through the deep darkness and the dense fog the boat made its way.”

anxious solicitude adjective + noun

In this reading “There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.”

in front preposition + noun

at or in the front

In this reading “There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.”

certain point adjective + noun

In this reading “The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.”

most anxious adverb + adjective

In this reading “There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.”

half miles adjective + noun counted as “half mile”

a unit of length equal to half of 1 mile

In this reading “The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.”

young commander adjective + noun

In this reading “The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

accuracynounUS /ˈækjərəsi/

the quality of being near to the true value

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Through the deep darkness and the dense fog the boat made its way.

anxiousadjectiveUS /ˈæŋkʃəs/

eagerly desirous

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

binnaclenoun

a nonmagnetic housing for a ship's compass (usually in front of the helm)

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

BOATnounUS /boʊt/

a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading THE PICKET BOAT.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

calculatedadjectiveUS /ˈkælkjəleɪtɪd/

carefully thought out in advance

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

commandernounUS /kəˈmændər/

an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

compassnounUS /ˈkʌmpəs/

navigational instrument for finding directions

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

currentsnounUS /ˈkɜːrənts/

plural of “current” — a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

darknessnounUS /ˈdɑːrknəs/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading Through the deep darkness and the dense fog the boat made its way.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading Through the deep darkness and the dense fog the boat made its way.

denseadjectiveUS /dens/

permitting little if any light to pass through because of denseness of matter

From this reading Through the deep darkness and the dense fog the boat made its way.

determineverbUS /dəˈtɜːrmən/

establish after a calculation, investigation, experiment, survey, or study

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

eastwardadjectiveUS /ˈiːstwərd/

moving toward the east

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

encounterverbUS /ɪnˈkaʊntər/

come together

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

estimatedverbUS /ˈestəmeɪtəd/

past form of “estimate” — judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time)

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

expeditionnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

fognounUS /fɑːɡ/

droplets of water vapor suspended in the air near the ground

From this reading Through the deep darkness and the dense fog the boat made its way.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

fortnounUS /fɔːrt/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

gazenounUS /ɡeɪz/

a long fixed look

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

gloomnounUS /ɡluːm/

a state of partial or total darkness

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

guidenounUS /ɡaɪd/

someone employed to conduct others

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

hopedverbUS /hoʊpt/

past form of “hope” — expect and wish

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Through the deep darkness and the dense fog the boat made its way.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

lee-way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

lightsnounUS /laɪts/

plural of “light” — (physics) electromagnetic radiation that can produce a visual sensation

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Through the deep darkness and the dense fog the boat made its way.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

MobileadjectiveUS /ˈmoʊbəl/

migratory

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

nicestadjectiveUS /ˈnaɪsɪst/

superlative of “nice” — pleasant or pleasing or agreeable in nature or appearance

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

patentverbUS /ˈpætənt/

obtain a patent for

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

PICKETnounUS /ˈpɪkɪt/

a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

From this reading THE PICKET BOAT.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

practicableadjectiveUS /ˈpræktəkəbəl/

usable for a specific purpose

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

reflectedadjectiveUS /rɪˈflektɪd/

(especially of incident sound or light) bent or sent back

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

shorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

softenverbUS /ˈsɑːfən/

make (images or sounds) soft or softer

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

solicitudenounUS /səˈlɪsɪtuːd/

a feeling of excessive concern

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

Somers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

strikeverbUS /straɪk/

deliver a sharp blow, as with the hand, fist, or weapon

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE PICKET BOAT.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

ThroughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Through the deep darkness and the dense fog the boat made its way.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Through the deep darkness and the dense fog the boat made its way.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

whale-boat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading There was not an object to be seen, on ship or shore, to guide its course; and in front of Somers there was a patent binnacle, whose lights were reflected on the compass, but did not even soften the gloom without, into which he continued to gaze with the most anxious solicitude.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He had carefully estimated the currents the whale-boat would encounter, and calculated the force of the wind, so as to determine her lee-way with the nicest practicable accuracy.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading The young commander of the expedition hoped to strike a certain point of the land to the eastward of the fort on Mobile Point, distant five and a half miles from the ship.

Chapter 20 of Brave Old Salt by Oliver Optic holds 144 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Brave Old Salt contain?

Chapter 20 holds 144 sentences of Brave Old Salt, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Brave Old Salt by Oliver Optic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 144 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Brave Old Salt?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Brave Old Salt

Common questions about reading Brave Old Salt by Oliver Optic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Brave Old Salt?

Yes. All 4388 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37907 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Brave Old Salt is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37907, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Brave Old Salt take to read?

About 365 minutes of reading across 878 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Brave Old Salt section by section

How to work through Brave Old Salt section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Brave Old Salt to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Brave Old Salt

Words and structures a reader meets early in Brave Old Salt, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Quarter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brave Old Salt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brave Old Salt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brave Old Salt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rebellion
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brave Old Salt; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.