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Britain in the Middle Ages
Britain in the Middle Ages

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Britain in the Middle Ages is here in full — 57 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.
Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.
Ethelbert, the King of Kent, had a Christian wife, and he was very anxious to know what these strangers had to say about the new God.
But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.
When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Britain in the Middle Ages

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Britain in the Middle Ages is here in full — 57 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.
/ðə ˈkʌmɪŋ ʌv ˌkrɪstʃiˈænɪti sʌm ðer wɜːr huː hæd hɜːrd ʌv kraɪst ɪn ðə oʊld deɪz bʌt ə bænd ʌv mʌŋks ˈlændɪŋ ɑːn ðə koʊst ʌv kent brɔːt ðə nuːz əˈɡen tuː ðɪs ˈkʌntri/
Line 2
Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.
/poʊp ˈɡreɡəri hæd sent ˈɑːɡəstiːn frʌm roʊm tuː tel ðə ˈsæksənz əˈbaʊt kraɪst fɔːr hiː wɑːz ˈsɑːri ðæt ðeɪ lʌvd ˈoʊdən ənd θɔːr ənd dɪd nɑːt noʊ ˈeni ˈʌðər ɡɑːd/
Line 3
Ethelbert, the King of Kent, had a Christian wife, and he was very anxious to know what these strangers had to say about the new God.
/ˈeθɪlbərt ðə kɪŋ ʌv kent hæd ə ˈkrɪstʃən waɪf ənd hiː wɑːz ˈveri ˈæŋkʃəs tuː noʊ wʌt ðiːz ˈstreɪndʒərz hæd tuː seɪ əˈbaʊt ðə nuː ɡɑːd/
Line 4
But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.
Line 5
When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Augustine noun US /ˈɑːɡəstiːn/

(Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian church; after a dramatic conversion to Christianity he became bishop of Hippo Regius in North Africa; St. Augustine emphasized man's need for grace (354-430)

From this reading “Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.”

Ethelbert noun US /ˈeθɪlbərt/

Anglo-Saxon king of Kent who was converted to Christianity by Saint Augustine; codified English law (552-616)

From this reading “Ethelbert, the King of Kent, had a Christian wife, and he was very anxious to know what these strangers had to say about the new God.”

monks noun US /mʌŋks/

plural of “monk” — a male religious living in a cloister and devoting himself to contemplation and prayer and work

From this reading “THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.”

Odin noun US /ˈoʊdən/

(Norse mythology) ruler of the Aesir; supreme god of war and poetry and knowledge and wisdom (for which he gave an eye) and husband of Frigg; identified with the Teutonic Wotan

From this reading “Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.”

preached verb US /priːtʃt/

past form of “preach” — deliver a sermon

From this reading “When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.”

Saxon noun US /ˈsæksən/

a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest

From this reading “When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.”

Saxons noun US /ˈsæksənz/

plural of “saxon” — a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest

From this reading “Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.”

Thor noun US /θɔːr/

(Norse mythology) god of thunder and rain and farming; pictured as wielding a hammer emblematic of the thunderbolt; identified with Teutonic Donar

From this reading “Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

open air verb + noun

where the air is unconfined

In this reading “But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.”

many people adjective + noun

In this reading “When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.”

old days adjective + noun

In this reading “THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.”

on the coast preposition + article + noun counted as “on … coast”

In this reading “THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.”

call out verb + adjective

utter aloud; often with surprise, horror, or joy

In this reading “But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.”

for ever preposition + adverb

In this reading “When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

afraidadjectiveUS /əˈfreɪd/

filled with fear or apprehension

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

angernounUS /ˈæŋɡər/

a strong emotion; a feeling that is oriented toward some real or supposed grievance

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

anxiousadjectiveUS /ˈæŋkʃəs/

eagerly desirous

From this reading Ethelbert, the King of Kent, had a Christian wife, and he was very anxious to know what these strangers had to say about the new God.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

AugustinenounUS /ˈɑːɡəstiːn/

(Roman Catholic Church) one of the great Fathers of the early Christian church; after a dramatic conversion to Christianity he became bishop of Hippo Regius in North Africa; St. Augustine emphasized man's need for grace (354-430)

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

bandnounUS /bænd/

an unofficial association of people or groups

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

charmsnounUS /tʃɑːrmz/

plural of “charm” — attractiveness that interests or pleases or stimulates

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

ChristnounUS /kraɪst/

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading Ethelbert, the King of Kent, had a Christian wife, and he was very anxious to know what these strangers had to say about the new God.

CHRISTIANITYnounUS /ˌkrɪstʃiˈænɪti/

a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

ChristiansnounUS /ˈkrɪstʃənz/

plural of “christian” — a religious person who believes Jesus is the Christ and who is a member of a Christian denomination

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

COMINGnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

doorsnounUS /dɔːrz/

plural of “door” — a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

EthelbertnounUS /ˈeθɪlbərt/

Anglo-Saxon king of Kent who was converted to Christianity by Saint Augustine; codified English law (552-616)

From this reading Ethelbert, the King of Kent, had a Christian wife, and he was very anxious to know what these strangers had to say about the new God.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

faithfuladjectiveUS /ˈfeɪθfəl/

steadfast in affection or allegiance

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

godnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

godsnounUS /ɡɑːdz/

plural of “god” — the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

GregorynounUS /ˈɡreɡəri/

(Roman Catholic Church) a church father known for his constant fight against perceived heresies; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-391)

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

harmnounUS /hɑːrm/

any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc.

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

KentnounUS /kent/

a county in southeastern England on the English Channel; formerly an Anglo-Saxon kingdom, it was the first to be colonized by the Romans

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Ethelbert, the King of Kent, had a Christian wife, and he was very anxious to know what these strangers had to say about the new God.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

landingnounUS /ˈlændɪŋ/

an intermediate platform in a staircase

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

lovedadjectiveUS /lʌvd/

held dear

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

monksnounUS /mʌŋks/

plural of “monk” — a male religious living in a cloister and devoting himself to contemplation and prayer and work

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Ethelbert, the King of Kent, had a Christian wife, and he was very anxious to know what these strangers had to say about the new God.

newsnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

OdinnounUS /ˈoʊdən/

(Norse mythology) ruler of the Aesir; supreme god of war and poetry and knowledge and wisdom (for which he gave an eye) and husband of Frigg; identified with the Teutonic Wotan

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

Odin's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

poetsnounUS /ˈpoʊəts/

plural of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

PopenounUS /poʊp/

the head of the Roman Catholic Church

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

preachverbUS /priːtʃ/

deliver a sermon

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

preachedverbUS /priːtʃt/

past form of “preach” — deliver a sermon

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

RomanadjectiveUS /ˈroʊmən/

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

sangnounUS /sæŋ/

North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

SaxonnounUS /ˈsæksən/

a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

SaxonsnounUS /ˈsæksənz/

plural of “saxon” — a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading Ethelbert, the King of Kent, had a Christian wife, and he was very anxious to know what these strangers had to say about the new God.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

sorrowfuladjectiveUS /ˈsɑːroʊfəl/

experiencing or marked by or expressing sorrow especially that associated with irreparable loss

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

sorryadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːri/

feeling or expressing regret or sorrow or a sense of loss over something done or undone

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

spiritsnounUS /ˈspɪrɪts/

an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

storiesnounUS /ˈstɔːriz/

plural of “story” — a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

strangersnounUS /ˈstreɪndʒərz/

plural of “stranger” — anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading Ethelbert, the King of Kent, had a Christian wife, and he was very anxious to know what these strangers had to say about the new God.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Ethelbert, the King of Kent, had a Christian wife, and he was very anxious to know what these strangers had to say about the new God.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

ThornounUS /θɔːr/

(Norse mythology) god of thunder and rain and farming; pictured as wielding a hammer emblematic of the thunderbolt; identified with Teutonic Donar

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Ethelbert, the King of Kent, had a Christian wife, and he was very anxious to know what these strangers had to say about the new God.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Pope Gregory had sent Augustine from Rome to tell the Saxons about Christ, for he was sorry that they loved Odin and Thor, and did not know any other god.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Ethelbert, the King of Kent, had a Christian wife, and he was very anxious to know what these strangers had to say about the new God.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading THE COMING OF CHRISTIANITY Some there were who had heard of Christ in the old days, but a band of monks landing on the coast of Kent brought the news again to this country.

wickedadjectiveUS /ˈwɪkəd/

morally bad in principle or practice

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading Ethelbert, the King of Kent, had a Christian wife, and he was very anxious to know what these strangers had to say about the new God.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading But he was afraid that they might know how to work charms and to call out wicked spirits, so he let Augustine and his monks preach to the people out of doors, for he thought that they could not harm any one in the open air.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading When the Roman monks preached, many people became Christians, but the old Saxon poets sang sorrowful stories of Odin's anger, and how the gods had left the world for ever because the people were not faithful.

Chapter 5 of Britain in the Middle Ages by Florence L. Bowman holds 57 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Britain in the Middle Ages contain?

Chapter 5 holds 57 sentences of Britain in the Middle Ages, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Britain in the Middle Ages by Florence L. Bowman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 57 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Britain in the Middle Ages?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Britain in the Middle Ages

Common questions about reading Britain in the Middle Ages by Florence L. Bowman on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Britain in the Middle Ages?

Yes. All 1237 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #40371 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Britain in the Middle Ages is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #40371, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Britain in the Middle Ages take to read?

About 103 minutes of reading across 248 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Britain in the Middle Ages section by section

How to work through Britain in the Middle Ages section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Britain in the Middle Ages

Words and structures a reader meets early in Britain in the Middle Ages, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Coming
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Britain in the Middle Ages; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Romans
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Britain in the Middle Ages; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Britain in the Middle Ages; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Taken
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Britain in the Middle Ages; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.