Chapter IX

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

plural of “account” — a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

subject to appointment

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

plural of “baron” — a nobleman (in various countries) of varying rank

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

a senior member of the Christian clergy having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve Apostles of Christ

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The money was counted out on a chequered table, and so the court came to be called the Exchequer.

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

patterned with alternating squares of color

From this reading The money was counted out on a chequered table, and so the court came to be called the Exchequer.

plural of “citizen” — a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

someone who is victorious by force of arms

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

past form of “count” — determine the number or amount of

From this reading The money was counted out on a chequered table, and so the court came to be called the Exchequer.

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

wanted intensely

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

disappointingly unsuccessful

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

a Christian celebration of the Resurrection of Christ; celebrated on the Sunday following the first full moon after the vernal equinox

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

the funds of a government or institution or individual

From this reading The money was counted out on a chequered table, and so the court came to be called the Exchequer.

a ceremonial dinner party for many people

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

plural of “figure” — a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

plural of “gift” — something acquired without compensation

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

a town in northeastern Massachusetts on Cape Ann to the northeast of Boston; the harbor has been a fishing center for centuries

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

respectful deference

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

past form of “hope” — expect and wish

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

a social unit living together

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

plural of “lord” — terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

to a great degree or extent

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

plural of “noble” — a titled peer of the realm

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

United States operatic soprano (born in 1945)

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The money was counted out on a chequered table, and so the court came to be called the Exchequer.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The money was counted out on a chequered table, and so the court came to be called the Exchequer.

past form of “owe” — be obliged to pay or repay

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

a sum of money paid or a claim discharged

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

plural of “priest” — a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

get something; come into possession of

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

cause to become

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

have in common

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

from a time in the past until now

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading The money was counted out on a chequered table, and so the court came to be called the Exchequer.

plural of “tax” — charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading But William had not given them as much land as they desired, and he had made Domesday Book so that they should render to him due service and payment in return for his gifts.

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

in or at that place or location

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The money was counted out on a chequered table, and so the court came to be called the Exchequer.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

a borough of Greater London on the Thames; contains Buckingham Palace and the Houses of Parliament and Westminster Abbey

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

at the time that

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

Christian holiday; the week beginning on Whitsunday (especially the first 3 days)

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

which person or people

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

a city in southern England; administrative center of Hampshire

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE NORMAN BARONS The Norman barons who came to England with William the Conqueror were much disappointed, for they had hoped to share the kingdom with him and to be great lords.

inflected form of “wear” — be dressed in

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.

produce a literary work

From this reading To this court came the officers of the household, and the King appointed a Bishop to receive the money and priests to keep the accounts, since there were few among the nobles or citizens who could read, write and add figures.

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading The barons had not always paid that which they owed; and Henry I made a rule that all should come to his Court three times a year, to Winchester at the feast of Easter, to Westminster at Whitsuntide and to Gloucester at Mid-winter, when he wore his crown, and then they should do homage and pay their taxes.