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British Sea Birds
British Sea Birds

Chapter IV · Divers, Grebes, and Cormorants

Chapter IV of British Sea Birds, “Divers, Grebes, and Cormorants,” is here in full — 314 sentences across 63 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/62 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.
None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.
Unfortunately for the summer visitor to the seaside, the Divers will be absent.
They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.
The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

British Sea Birds

Chapter IV · Divers, Grebes, and Cormorants

Chapter IV of British Sea Birds, “Divers, Grebes, and Cormorants,” is here in full — 314 sentences across 63 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/62 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.
Line 2
None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.
Line 3
Unfortunately for the summer visitor to the seaside, the Divers will be absent.
/ənˈfɔːrtʃənətli fɔːr ðə ˈsʌmər ˈvɪzɪtər tuː ðə ˈsiːsaɪd ðə ˈdaɪvərz wɪl biː ˈæbsənt/
Line 4
They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.
/ðeɪ ɑːr bɜːrdz ðæt rɪˈzɔːrt ˈtʃiːfli tuː ˈɪnlænd ˈdɪstrɪkts tuː rɪr ðer jʌŋ ɔːr ɑːr ˈoʊnli noʊn æz ˈwɪntər ˈvɪzɪtərz tuː ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ koʊsts/
Line 5
The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Affinities noun US /əˈfɪnətiz/

plural of “affinity” — (immunology) the attraction between an antigen and an antibody

From this reading “_Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.”

Cormorant noun US /ˈkɔːrmərənt/

large voracious dark-colored long-necked seabird with a distensible pouch for holding fish; used in Asia to catch fish

From this reading “_Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.”

Cormorants noun US /ˈkɔːrmərənts/

plural of “cormorant” — large voracious dark-colored long-necked seabird with a distensible pouch for holding fish; used in Asia to catch fish

From this reading “_Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.”

Crested adjective US /ˈkrestɪd/

bearing an heraldic device

From this reading “_Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.”

genus noun US /ˈdʒiːnəs/

a general kind of something

From this reading “The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.”

Grebe noun US /ɡriːb/

small compact-bodied almost completely aquatic bird that builds floating nests; similar to loons but smaller and with lobate rather than webbed feet

From this reading “_Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.”

pelagic adjective US /pəˈlædʒɪk/

relating to or occurring or living in or frequenting the open ocean

From this reading “None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.”

Shag noun US /ʃæɡ/

a strong coarse tobacco that has been shredded

From this reading “_Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

interesting features adjective + noun counted as “interesting feature”

In this reading “None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.”

summer visitor noun + noun

In this reading “Unfortunately for the summer visitor to the seaside, the Divers will be absent.”

consisting of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.”

only known adverb + adjective

In this reading “They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.”

All words in this reading · 92

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

absentadjectiveUS /ˈæbsənt/

not being in a specified place

From this reading Unfortunately for the summer visitor to the seaside, the Divers will be absent.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

AffinitiesnounUS /əˈfɪnətiz/

plural of “affinity” — (immunology) the attraction between an antigen and an antibody

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

Auks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Unfortunately for the summer visitor to the seaside, the Divers will be absent.

belongverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋ/

be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

bird-life

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

Black-necked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

Black-throated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

ChangesnounUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

chapternounUS /ˈtʃæptər/

a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

characteristicsnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪks/

plural of “characteristic” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

chieflyadverbUS /ˈtʃiːfli/

for the most part

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

CoastsnounUS /koʊsts/

plural of “coast” — the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

Colymbidæ

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

Colymbus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

completelyadverbUS /kəmˈpliːtli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

consistingverbUS /kənˈsɪstɪŋ/

-ing form of “consist” — originate

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

CormorantnounUS /ˈkɔːrmərənt/

large voracious dark-colored long-necked seabird with a distensible pouch for holding fish; used in Asia to catch fish

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

CormorantsnounUS /ˈkɔːrmərənts/

plural of “cormorant” — large voracious dark-colored long-necked seabird with a distensible pouch for holding fish; used in Asia to catch fish

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

CrestedadjectiveUS /ˈkrestɪd/

bearing an heraldic device

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

districtsnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkts/

plural of “district” — a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

DivernounUS /ˈdaɪvər/

someone who works underwater

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

DiversadjectiveUS /ˈdaɪvərz/

many and different

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

familiesnounUS /ˈfæməliz/

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Unfortunately for the summer visitor to the seaside, the Divers will be absent.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

Gannetnoun

large heavily built seabird with a long stout bill noted for its plunging dives for fish

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

genusnounUS /ˈdʒiːnəs/

a general kind of something

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

GrebenounUS /ɡriːb/

small compact-bodied almost completely aquatic bird that builds floating nests; similar to loons but smaller and with lobate rather than webbed feet

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

Grebes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

groupedadjectiveUS /ɡruːpt/

arranged into groups

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

includedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdəd/

enclosed in the same envelope or package

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

inlandadjectiveUS /ˈɪnlænd/

situated away from an area's coast or border

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

interestingadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing or holding the attention

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

LittleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

NonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

NorthernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

pelagicadjectiveUS /pəˈlædʒɪk/

relating to or occurring or living in or frequenting the open ocean

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

PlumagenounUS /ˈpluːmədʒ/

the light horny waterproof structure forming the external covering of birds

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

rearnounUS /rɪr/

the back of a military formation or procession

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

Red-necked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

Red-throated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

resortnounUS /rɪˈzɔːrt/

a hotel located in a resort area

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

sciencenounUS /ˈsaɪəns/

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

Sclavonian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

seasidenounUS /ˈsiːsaɪd/

the shore of a sea or ocean regarded as a resort

From this reading Unfortunately for the summer visitor to the seaside, the Divers will be absent.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

ShagnounUS /ʃæɡ/

a strong coarse tobacco that has been shredded

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

speciesnounUS /ˈspiːʃiz/

(biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading Unfortunately for the summer visitor to the seaside, the Divers will be absent.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

UnfortunatelyadverbUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənətli/

by bad luck

From this reading Unfortunately for the summer visitor to the seaside, the Divers will be absent.

visitornounUS /ˈvɪzɪtər/

someone who visits

From this reading Unfortunately for the summer visitor to the seaside, the Divers will be absent.

visitorsnounUS /ˈvɪzɪtərz/

plural of “visitor” — someone who visits

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

well-definedadjective

having a clean and distinct outline as if precisely cut along the edges

From this reading _Divers—Affinities and characteristics—Great Northern Diver—Black-throated Diver—Red-throated Diver—Grebes—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Great Crested Grebe—Red-necked Grebe—Black-necked Grebe—Sclavonian Grebe—Little Grebe—Cormorants—Characteristics—Changes of Plumage—Cormorant—Shag—Gannet._ The birds included in the present chapter belong to three well-defined families.

well-markedadjective

clearly indicated

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The Divers form a small but well-marked family known as Colymbidæ, consisting of a single genus _Colymbus_, into which are grouped the four species that are now known to science.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Unfortunately for the summer visitor to the seaside, the Divers will be absent.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading None of them are so completely pelagic as the Auks, and yet, according to season, many of them are interesting features in the bird-life of the coast.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading They are birds that resort chiefly to inland districts to rear their young, or are only known as winter visitors to the British Coasts.

Chapter 4 of British Sea Birds by Charles Dixon holds 314 sentences, grouped into 63 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of British Sea Birds contain?

Chapter 4 holds 314 sentences of British Sea Birds, unabridged, divided into 63 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of British Sea Birds by Charles Dixon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 314 sentences, grouped into 63 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of British Sea Birds?

Work through the 63 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 63 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading British Sea Birds

Common questions about reading British Sea Birds by Charles Dixon on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of British Sea Birds?

Yes. All 2544 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47115 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of British Sea Birds is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47115, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does British Sea Birds take to read?

About 212 minutes of reading across 509 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read British Sea Birds section by section

How to work through British Sea Birds section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 8 chapters of British Sea Birds to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in British Sea Birds

Words and structures a reader meets early in British Sea Birds, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gulls
A word that appears in the opening chapter of British Sea Birds; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Terns
A word that appears in the opening chapter of British Sea Birds; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Family
A word that appears in the opening chapter of British Sea Birds; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Changes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of British Sea Birds; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.