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Brother Against Brother
Brother Against Brother

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Brother Against Brother is here in full — 85 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.
Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.
Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.
Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.
The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Brother Against Brother

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Brother Against Brother is here in full — 85 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.
Line 2
Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.
Line 3
Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.
Line 4
Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.
Line 5
The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.
/ðə mɔːr kənˈsɜːrvətɪv steɪts held bæk ənd ɔːl bʌt ðə fɔːr ɑːn ðə ˈbɔːrdər sɪˈsiːdɪd ɪn wʌn fɔːrm ɔːr əˈnʌðər ˈæftər sʌm dɪˈleɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

amendments noun US /əˈmendmənts/

plural of “amendment” — the act of amending or correcting

From this reading “Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.”

interfering adjective US /ˌɪntərˈfɪrɪŋ/

intrusive in a meddling or offensive manner

From this reading “Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.”

Ordinance noun US /ˈɔːrdənəns/

an authoritative rule

From this reading “Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.”

seceded verb US /sɪˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “secede” — withdraw from an organization or communion

From this reading “The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.”

Secession noun US /sɪˈseʃən/

an Austrian school of art and architecture parallel to the French art nouveau in the 1890s

From this reading “Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.”

sectional adjective US /ˈsekʃənəl/

relating to or based upon a section (i.e. as if cut through by an intersecting plane)

From this reading “Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.”

specified adjective US /ˈspesəfaɪd/

clearly and explicitly stated

From this reading “Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.”

unanimously adverb US /juːˈnænəməsli/

of one mind; without dissent

From this reading “Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

on the border preposition + article + noun counted as “on … border”

In this reading “The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.”

with enthusiasm preposition + noun

In this reading “Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.”

of slavery preposition + noun

In this reading “Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.”

prevented from verb + particle counted as “prevent from”

In this reading “Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.”

hardly more adverb + adjective

In this reading “SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.”

All words in this reading · 114

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1860

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

ABOUTprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

AbrahamnounUS /ˈeɪbrəhæm/

the first of the Old Testament patriarchs and the father of Isaac; according to Genesis, God promised to give Abraham's family (the Hebrews) the land of Canaan (the Promised Land); God tested Abraham by asking him to sacrifice his son

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

absoluteadjectiveUS /ˈæbsəluːt/

perfect or complete or pure

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

amendmentsnounUS /əˈmendmənts/

plural of “amendment” — the act of amending or correcting

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

bordernounUS /ˈbɔːrdər/

a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

CarolinanounUS /ˌkerəˈlaɪnə/

the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

ChristmasnounUS /ˈkrɪsməs/

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

CompromiseverbUS /ˈkɑːmprəmaɪz/

make a compromise; arrive at a compromise

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

confinedadjectiveUS /kənˈfaɪnd/

not invading healthy tissue

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

CongressnounUS /ˈkɑːŋɡrəs/

the legislature of the United States government

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

conservativeadjectiveUS /kənˈsɜːrvətɪv/

resistant to change, particularly in relation to politics or religion

From this reading The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.

ConstitutionnounUS /ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃən/

law determining the fundamental political principles of a government

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

Crittenden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

delayverbUS /dɪˈleɪ/

cause to be slowed down or delayed

From this reading The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.

Dixon's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

domainnounUS /doʊˈmeɪn/

a particular environment or walk of life

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

electedadjectiveUS /ɪˈlektəd/

subject to popular election

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

enthusiasmnounUS /ɪnˈθuːziæzəm/

a feeling of excitement

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

excitementnounUS /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/

the feeling of lively and cheerful joy

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

extensiveadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstensɪv/

large in spatial extent or range or scope or quantity

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

FAMILYnounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

grandadjectiveUS /ɡrænd/

of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

GulfnounUS /ɡʌlf/

an arm of a sea or ocean partly enclosed by land; larger than a bay

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

hardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

institutionnounUS /ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃən/

an organization founded and united for a specific purpose

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

intelligencenounUS /ˌɪnˈtelədʒəns/

the ability to comprehend; to understand and profit from experience

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

interferingadjectiveUS /ˌɪntərˈfɪrɪŋ/

intrusive in a meddling or offensive manner

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

KentuckynounUS /kənˈtʌki/

a state in east central United States; a border state during the American Civil War; famous for breeding race horses

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

labor-system

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

limitsnounUS /ˈlɪməts/

plural of “limit” — the greatest possible degree of something

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

LincolnnounUS /ˈlɪŋkən/

16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

LYONnounUS /ˈlaɪən/

a city in east-central France on the Rhone River; a principal producer of silk and rayon

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

manifestverbUS /ˈmænəfest/

provide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

mansionnounUS /ˈmænʃən/

(astrology) one of 12 equal areas into which the zodiac is divided

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

MasonnounUS /ˈmeɪsən/

American Revolutionary leader from Virginia whose objections led to the drafting of the Bill of Rights (1725-1792)

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

menaceverbUS /ˈmenəs/

pose a threat to; present a danger to

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

MissourinounUS /məˈzʊri/

a midwestern state in central United States; a border state during the American Civil War, Missouri was admitted to the Confederacy without actually seceding from the Union

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

occupiedadjectiveUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪd/

held or filled or in use

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.

OrdinancenounUS /ˈɔːrdənəns/

an authoritative rule

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

perilnounUS /ˈperəl/

a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

politicaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

PresidentnounUS /ˈprezədent/

an executive officer of a firm or corporation

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

preventedverbUS /prɪˈventɪd/

past form of “prevent” — keep from happening or arising; make impossible

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

proposedverbUS /prəˈpoʊzd/

past form of “propose” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

regardedverbUS /rɪˈɡɑːrdɪd/

past form of “regard” — deem to be

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

restoreverbUS /rɪˈstɔːr/

return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

Riverlawn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

secededverbUS /sɪˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “secede” — withdraw from an organization or communion

From this reading The more conservative States held back, and all but the four on the border seceded in one form or another after some delay.

SecessionnounUS /sɪˈseʃən/

an Austrian school of art and architecture parallel to the French art nouveau in the 1890s

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

sectionaladjectiveUS /ˈsekʃənəl/

relating to or based upon a section (i.e. as if cut through by an intersecting plane)

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

SenatornounUS /ˈsenətər/

a member of a senate

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

slaverynounUS /ˈsleɪvəri/

the state of being under the control of another person

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

SOMETHINGpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

southernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

specifiedadjectiveUS /ˈspesəfaɪd/

clearly and explicitly stated

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

StatesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

termnounUS /tɜːrm/

a word or expression used for some particular thing

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

unanimouslyadverbUS /juːˈnænəməsli/

of one mind; without dissent

From this reading Before Christmas in 1860, South Carolina had unanimously passed its Ordinance of Secession, the intelligence of which was received with enthusiasm by the Gulf States, all of which soon followed her example.

UnitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

violentlyadverbUS /ˈvaɪələntli/

in a violent manner

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Senator Crittenden of Kentucky proposed certain amendments to the Constitution to restore the Missouri Compromise, by which slavery should be confined to specified limits, and Congress prevented from interfering with the labor-system of the South.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Abraham Lincoln had been elected President of the United States, and south of Mason and Dixon's line he was regarded as a sectional president whose term of office would be a menace and an absolute peril to the institution of slavery.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading SOMETHING ABOUT THE LYON FAMILY The grand mansion and the extensive domain of Riverlawn had been occupied by the Lyon family hardly more than a year when the political excitement in Kentucky began to manifest itself, though not so violently as in some of the more southern States.

Chapter 2 of Brother Against Brother by Oliver Optic holds 85 sentences, grouped into 17 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Brother Against Brother contain?

Chapter 2 holds 85 sentences of Brother Against Brother, unabridged, divided into 17 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Brother Against Brother by Oliver Optic exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 85 sentences, grouped into 17 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Brother Against Brother?

Work through the 17 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 17 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Brother Against Brother

Common questions about reading Brother Against Brother by Oliver Optic on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Brother Against Brother?

Yes. All 4134 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35206 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Brother Against Brother is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35206, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Brother Against Brother take to read?

About 344 minutes of reading across 827 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Brother Against Brother section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of Brother Against Brother to begin.

  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Brother Against Brother

Words and structures a reader meets early in Brother Against Brother, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Text-idx
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Against Brother; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Kyetexts
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Against Brother; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Border
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Against Brother; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Against Brother; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.